Ucabanga ukuthi ubuchopho bakho buyisitho esingaguquki esingashintshi? Eqinisweni, kuphambene kakhulu nalokho. Ubuchopho bakho buyisitho esimangalisayo nesiguquguqukayo esiguqukayo kuyo yonke impilo yakho, sivumelana nezimo njengoba ufunda izinto ezintsha futhi sikhula ngamandla ngakho konke okuhlangenwe nakho okuhlangana nakho. Kwezokwelapha, leli khono elimangalisayo lobuchopho lokuzivumelanisa nokuzihlela kabusha laziwa ngokuthi yi -Neuroplasticity .
Kalula nje, noma nini lapho ufunda ikhono elisha, uqala umkhuba omusha, noma uzwa imizwa ejulile njengenjabulo noma usizi, ubuchopho bakho buzivumelanisa ngokomzimba nalezo zinto ezifakiwe. I-neuroplasticity iyindlela eyisisekelo evumela lolu shintsho ukuba lwenzeke.
I-Neuroplasticity iyithinta kanjani impilo yakho?
Cabanga ngesiguli esilahlekelwe ikhono lokukhuluma ngenxa yokushaywa unhlangothi noma ukulimala kobuchopho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezinye izindawo ezinempilo zobuchopho zingase zithathe le misebenzi. Ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa okuqondiwe, ubuchopho busebenzisa lezi zindlela ezihlukile ukusiza isiguli ukuthi siphinde sikhulume. Lesi yisibonelo esivamile se-Neuroplasticity. Ngokufanayo, uma umuntu ehlangabezana nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ubuchopho bakhe bungase bukhokhele ngokukhulisa umuzwa wakhe wokubona noma wokuhogela, okwandisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kwezinye izitho zakhe zokuzwa ukuze zivumelane noshintsho.
Yonke into oyenzayo kanye nokuxhumana okwenzayo kuholela ubuchopho bakho ekwakheni ukuxhumana okusha noma ukuxhuma kabusha okukhona ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yayo yezinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi.
“Lokhu kuyenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi. Njalo uma ufunda okuthile okusha, njalo uma unolwazi, futhi ngisho nalapho uphupha, uhlala ushintsha ama-neuron angaba yizigidigidi eziyi-100 kanye nama-trillion e-synapses ebuchosheni bakho,” kusho uDkt. Rudy Tanzi, uMqondisi weMcCance Center for Brain Impilo eMassachusetts General Hospital.
Uma ubuchopho bakho buqala ukuzivumelanisa nento entsha, buvame ukuqala ngoshintsho endleleni obusebenza ngayo, okwaziwa ngokuthi i-Functional Plasticity . Kodwa-ke, njengoba uphinda isenzo esifanayo, isakhiwo somzimba sobuchopho ngokwaso siqala ukuguquka. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i -Structural Plasticity .
Cabanga ngakho njengokulungisa ukuma kwakho kokushaya kukhilikithi. Usenezingalo ezifanayo, kodwa manje usuzisebenzisa ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu necwengekile. Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-neurons ahlobene naleyo ntshukumo aqala ukuqhuma ndawonye ngendlela entsha. Njengoba uqhubeka nokuzijwayeza, kwakheka ukuxhumana okusha nokuqinile (ama-synapses) phakathi kwalawo ma-neurons. Leyo nqubo iwumongo wokufunda.
Izindlela Eziyinhloko Zokusebenza Kwe-Neuroplasticity
Umqondo we-Neuroplasticity uhlanganisa izindlela eziningana eziguqula ubuchopho bakho. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa:
- I-Neurogenesis (Ukuzalwa kwama-neuron amasha): Nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwama-neuron amasha ebuchosheni bomuntu omdala kungavamile kakhulu kunasebuntwaneni, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi le nqubo isaqhubeka ku- hippocampus , indawo ebalulekile ekukhumbuleni nasekufundeni.
- Ukusabalala Kwe-Dendritic: Uma ama-neurons onakele, ama-neurons aphilile angomakhelwane angakhulisa amagatsha amasha (ama-dendrite) ukuze avale izikhala, asize ekubuyiseleni imisebenzi endaweni ethintekile.
- I-Synaptogenesis (Ukwakha ukuxhumana okusha): Ngokuphindaphinda, ama-neurons ahlangana ndawonye ekugcineni ahlangana, adale i-synapse entsha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngamandla amakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhula kobuntwana.
- Ukuqinisa i-synaptic: Njengoba uzijwayeza ikhono elisha, ama-synapse ahlobene nalowo msebenzi ayaqina, okwenza ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-neurons akho kusebenze kahle kakhulu.
- Ukuthena nge-Synaptic: Uma uyeka ukusebenzisa ikhono noma ulwazi oluthile, ukuxhumana kwezinzwa okuhlobene nakho kungaba buthaka futhi ekugcineni kunyamalale. Lena akuyona inqubo embi; cabanga ngayo njengobuchopho bakho "obulungisa" ukususa ulwazi olungadingekile, okwenza ubuchopho bakho busebenze kahle kakhulu ekugcineni.
Izimiso Zokusebenza Kwezinzwa: Ungaqeqesha kanjani ubuchopho bakho?
Uma okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kungashintsha ubuchopho bethu, singanikeza ubuchopho bethu ngamabomu okuhlangenwe nakho okukhuthaza ushintsho oluhle? Singalusebenzisa yini lolu lwazi ukuze silulame ekulimaleni kobuchopho? Yebo. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu kuqonda, abacwaningi uJeffrey A. Kleim noTheresa A. Jones bethule izimiso eziyi-10 ze-Neuroplasticity. Lezi zimiso zihlinzeka ngohlaka lokuthi ukufunda okuqondiwe kanye nokuvuselelwa kungasiza kanjani ubuchopho ukuba buphulukiswe futhi buchume.
| Isimiso | Kusho ukuthini lokhu kuwe? |
|---|---|
| Yisebenzise noma uyilahle | Uma ungazijwayezi njalo ikhono elithile, ukuxhumana kobuchopho okuhlobene nalowo msebenzi kungase kube buthaka futhi kuphele. |
| Yisebenzise futhi uyithuthukise | Uma uzijwayeza njalo ikhono, ukuxhumana kobuchopho okubangela lowo msebenzi kuba namandla futhi kusebenze kahle kakhulu. |
| Ukucaciswa | Ukuqeqeshwa kumele kube okuqondene ngqo nekhono ofuna ukulithuthukisa. Isibonelo, ukuze uthuthukise ibhalansi yakho, kumele wenze izivivinyo eziqondene nebhalansi. |
| Ukuphindaphinda Kubalulekile | Ukuze udale izinguquko ezihlala njalo ebuchosheni, udinga ukuphinda amakhono amasha kanye nokunyakaza njalo. |
| Izindaba Zokuqina | Ukuqeqeshwa okunamandla kakhulu—okuhlanganisa ukugxila kakhulu kanye nokuzibophezela—kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kubangele izinguquko zesakhiwo ebuchosheni bakho. |
| Isikhathi Sibalulekile | Ngemva kokulimala kobuchopho, lapho uqala ngokushesha ukululama, imiphumela yakho engaba ngcono. |
| Izindaba Zokuqonda | Ubuchopho bakho bumunca ulwazi ngempumelelo enkulu uma ufunda izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi ezikuhehayo. |
| Izindaba Zobudala | Nakuba ubuchopho bakho buhlala bukwazi ukushintsha njengoba ukhula, abuguquguquki ngokushesha noma kakhulu njengoba kwakunjalo ngesikhathi sobuntwana. |
| Ukudluliselwa | Ukuthuthukisa ikhono elilodwa kungakusiza ekuthuthukiseni amanye amakhono afanayo. |
| Ukuphazamiseka | Ngezinye izikhathi, ukufunda imikhuba emisha kungaphazamisa eyedlule, ikakhulukazi uma ikhono lokuqala lifundwe ngendlela engafanele. |
Ungayisekela kanjani impilo yobuchopho futhi uthuthukise i-Neuroplasticity?
Ukuze ugcine ubuchopho bakho bubukhali futhi usebenzise ngokugcwele amandla e-neuroplasticity, uNirogi Lanka utusa ukulandela uhlelo lukaDkt. Tanzi lwe-“SHIELD”:
- S - Ukulala: Zibekele amahora angu-7-8 okulala okuhle njalo ebusuku. Ukulala kubalulekile ekuqiniseni inkumbulo nasekususeni ubuthi bobuchopho (njengezinhlayiya ezixhumene ne-dementia).
- H - Phatha Ukucindezeleka: Thola indlela eyenzelwe wena yokuphatha ukucindezeleka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuzindla, ukuvivinya umzimba, into yokuzilibazisa, noma ukufunda, thola okukusebenzelayo. Ukucindezeleka okungapheli kubangela ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni.
- Mina - Xhumana nabanye: Gcina ukuxhumana okuqinile nabantu. Ukuchitha isikhathi nokuhlanganyela ezingxoxweni ezinenjongo nomndeni nabangane kuvikela impilo yobuchopho bakho.
- E – Ukuzivocavoca: Zibekele okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 yokuzivocavoca okumaphakathi kuya kokunamandla ngesonto. Ukuzivocavoca ngokomzimba kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezixhumanisi ezintsha zemizwa.
- L – Funda izinto ezintsha: Ziphonsele inselelo njalo ngokufunda amakhono amasha. Lokhu kuqinisa ama-synapses ebuchosheni bakho.
- D - Ukudla : Beka phambili ukudla okufana nokwaseMedithera. Gxila emifino, izithelo, imifino eluhlaza, okusanhlamvu okuphelele , namafutha anempilo, ngenkathi unciphisa inyama ebomvu, ukuze usekele ubuchopho bakho kangcono.
“Umgomo oyinhloko walezi zindlela ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwemizwa nokwandisa amandla e-neuroplastic ebuchosheni bakho,” kusho uDkt. Tanzi.
Ngemva kokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu noma isifo sohlangothi, ukuqina kwe-neuroplasticity yobuchopho bakho ngokwemvelo kuyakhula njengengxenye yenqubo yokululama. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ngakho-ke, ukuzibandakanya ekwelashweni okuhlelekile kokuvuselelwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi kubalulekile. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho wezinzwa noma udokotela wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko ukuze uthole isiqondiso esiklanyelwe ukululama kwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-neuroplasticity yikhono lobuchopho bakho elimangalisayo, elihlala isikhathi eside lokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ukufunda, nokushintsha.
- Kuyindlela eyinhloko ekuvumela ukuthi ufunde amakhono amasha futhi ululame ekulimaleni kobuchopho, njengokushaywa unhlangothi.
- Uma uzijwayeza ikhono ngokuphindaphindiwe, izinguquko zokusebenza ebuchosheni bakho ekugcineni ziphenduka izinguquko zesakhiwo ezihlala njalo.
- Ngokubeka phambili ukulala okunempilo, ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukufunda impilo yonke, kanye nokudla okunomsoco, ungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-neuroplasticity yobuchopho bakho.
- Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho nibhekene nesimo sezinzwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze udale uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu oluhambisana nezidingo zakho ezithile. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezisheshayo njengekhanda elibuhlungu elinzima ngokuzumayo, ubunzima bokukhuluma, noma ubuthakathaka, funa usizo ezinsizeni eziphuthumayo zasendaweni yakho ngokushesha.
