Ukwesaba yini ngemva kokuzwa nge-Bird Flu? Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula!

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngomkhuhlane wezinyoni ezindabeni kulezi zinsuku. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wesaba kancane. Kodwa asikho isizathu sokwesaba. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuningiliziwe, kalula, ngokuthi uyini lo mkhuhlane wezinyoni nokuthi singazivikela kanjani thina nemindeni yethu kuwo.

Iyini i-Bird Flu?

Kalula nje, lo mkhuhlane wezinyoni nawo uyigciwane lomkhuhlane . Kodwa ngokuvamile uthinta izinyoni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nezinye izilwane. Uhlukile kancane kumkhuhlane wesizini esiwuthola sonke ebusika. Kodwa izimpawu zingase zifane ngezinye izikhathi. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalo mkhuhlane wezinyoni. Phakathi kwazo, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngohlobo lwe- (H5N1) noma lwe- (H5) . Lolu uhlobo olwaziwa kancane futhi ngezinye izikhathi lungathinta abantu.

Lomkhuhlane wezinyoni usakazeka kanjani?

Cabanga ngakho, kunezinyoni zasendle – amadada, amahansi, ama-swan, namagwababa. Lezi zinyoni zasendle zingadlulisela lesi sifo ezilwaneni zasemapulazini njengezinkukhu nama-turkey, kanye nasezilwaneni zobisi njengezinkomo. Ngezinye izikhathi nezinye izilwane nazo ziyatheleleka. Okubaluleke kakhulu, abantu abasebenza nazo, abahlanza ngemva kwazo, noma abaxhumana nezilwane ezine-bird flu basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo. Igciwane le-bird flu lisakazeka ngamathe esilwane, ama-mucus , ubisi, umchamo, noma indle. Lokhu kungatholakala ezimpapheni zesilwane, esikhumbeni, emakhejini, noma emishinini yepulazi. Singatheleleka futhi uma sithinta amaconsi noma uthuli oluqukethe igciwane ngezandla zethu bese sithinta amehlo ethu, ikhala, noma umlomo. Singayithola futhi lesi sifo ngokuphefumula la maconsi noma uthuli oluqukethe igciwane. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-bird flu ingasakazeka ngokudla izinto ezifana nenkukhu engaphekiwe kahle, i-turkey, noma amaqanda, noma ngokuphuza ubisi olungaphekiwe oluvela ezilwaneni ezinjengezinkomo ezine-virus. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuphepha kokudla.

Ziyini izimpawu zomkhuhlane wezinyoni?

Umkhuhlane wezinyoni ufana namanye amagciwane omkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimpawu zingase zihluke kancane. Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Umkhuhlane (mhlawumbe umkhuhlane ophezulu)
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo noma ukubomvu , okwaziwa nangokuthi i-conjunctivitis noma i-pinkeye , kuyimpawu ngezinye izikhathi ebonakala kumkhuhlane wezinyoni.
• Ukukhwehlela noma umphimbo obuhlungu
• Impumulo egobhozayo noma impumulo evalekile
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba noma ikhanda
• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka , ukhathele
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Uhudo

Kodwa-ke, uma umkhuhlane wezinyoni uba mubi kakhulu, ungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula (njengokuphelelwa umoya), ubuhlungu besifuba, umkhuhlane oqhubekayo, ukudideka, kanye nokuxhuzula . Kwezinye izimo, izifo ezinkulu zamaphaphu ezifana ne-pneumonia zingavela futhi ngisho nokufa kungavela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela kakhulu ngalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma zivela kumuntu oye waxhumana nezilwane.

Ungayibona kanjani i-bird flu?

Ukuze athole ukuthi une-bird flu, udokotela uzothatha isampula ye-mucus ekhaleni lakho noma emphinjeni (nge-cotton swab) . Uma ingane yakho ine -conjunctivitis , isampula nayo ingathathwa endlebeni. Lesi sampula sithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe okukhethekile, njengokuhlolwa kwe-PCR, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igciwane likhona yini. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ze-bird flu, futhi uma nisanda kuxhumana nezinyoni noma ezinye izilwane (ikakhulukazi izilwane ezigulayo), kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngokuqinisekile. Kulapho kuphela lapho udokotela ezokwazi khona ukusola nokwenza ukuhlolwa okudingekayo ngokushesha.

Iphathwa kanjani i-bird flu?

Odokotela bangase bakunikeze imithi yokulwa namagciwane ye-bird flu, njenge- oseltamivir . Le mithi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma iqalwa ngokushesha nje lapho izimpawu ziqala, zingakapheli amahora angu-48 okuqala. Abantu abanezimpawu ezinzima, njengalabo abanobunzima bokuphefumula, kungadingeka bangeniswe esibhedlela futhi kungadingeka baphathwe egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Kubantu abanezimpawu ezincane nezincane, amakhambi asekhaya angabasiza bazizwe bengcono ngenkathi belulama.

• Nikeza uketshezi oluningi (njengamanzi, ujusi, iphalishi, isobho) ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kuwe noma enganeni yakho.
• Lala kahle uphumule.
• Izingane zingase zizwe zishisa futhi zibanda ngezinye izikhathi, ngakho-ke gqoka izendlalelo ezingasuswa kalula.
• I-Acetaminophen (i-paracetamol) noma i-ibuprofen inganikezwa ngenxa yomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela. Kodwa-ke, i-aspirin akufanele inikezwe izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-19 ezinomkhuhlane, njengoba ihlotshaniswa nesimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye's syndrome, esithinta ubuchopho nesibindi.

Ukuze uvimbele ukusabalalisa igciwane kwabanye, kufanele ugcine ingane yakho ekhaya ingayi esikoleni noma endaweni yokunakekela izingane. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi isikhathi esingakanani. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukungabelani ngezinto ezifana nezitsha, izinkomishi, noma amathawula asetshenziswe yilowo ogulayo.

Ingabe umkhuhlane wezinyoni ungavinjelwa?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, awukho umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wezinyoni otholakala emphakathini jikelele okwamanje. Kodwa ososayensi basebenza ukuthuthukisa umuthi wokugomela ongavimbela abantu ekutholeni leli gciwane. ESri Lanka nakwamanye amazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, iziphathimandla zezempilo zithathe izinyathelo ezahlukahlukene zokuvimbela ukusabalala komkhuhlane wezinyoni. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze ugcine umndeni wakho uphilile:

• Gwema ukuphatha izinyoni, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibonakala zigula. Ziqaphele ukude. Uma uhlela ukuya endaweni enomkhuhlane wezinyoni, gwema izimakethe zezinyoni eziphilayo , amapulazi ezinkukhu, noma ezinye izindawo lapho izinyoni ezithelelekile zingase zibe khona. Hlala unolwazi mayelana nezibuyekezo zokuhamba ezivela ezinhlanganweni zezempilo zomhlaba wonke, njenge-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) .
• Geza izandla zakho kahle njalo ngensipho namanzi uma uvakashela amapulazi, izindawo zoo , noma izindawo zokugeza izinyoni. Futhi, khumula izicathulo zakho ngaphambi kokungena ekhaya lakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuletha amagciwane avela ngaphandle.
• Uma amalungu omndeni wakho esebenza nezilwane zasendle, izinyoni, izinkomo, noma ezinye izilwane , mabagqoke amagilavu, imaski, nezibuko. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi wonke umuntu ageze izandla zakhe kahle futhi ashintshe izingubo ngemva komsebenzi.
• Bika noma yiziphi izilwane ezingase ziguliswe yi-bird flu, noma ezifile ngenxa yayo, emnyangweni wezempilo wendawo noma kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha. Xhumana nomnyango wezempilo wesifundazwe sakho/iziphathimandla zezempilo zendawo . Ungathinti noma yini ethinte isilwane.
• Pheka izinkukhu, amaqanda, inyama yenkomo, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle ngezinga lokushisa elifanele (ngokuvamile ngaphezu kuka-165°F (74°C)) ukuze ubulale noma yimaphi amagciwane omkhuhlane angase abe khona ekudleni okuluhlaza noma okungaphekiwe kahle. Khumbula ukusebenzisa amabhodi okusika nezitsha ezihlukene zenyama eluhlaza nokunye ukudla. Geza izandla zakho ngaphambi nangemva kokudla.
• Gwema ukuphatha noma ukuphuza imikhiqizo yobisi eluhlaza , njengobisi olungaphekiwe . Khetha imikhiqizo yobisi efakwe amagciwane , okusho ukuthi ifudunyezwe ukuze kubulawe igciwane lomkhuhlane wezinyoni kanye namanye amagciwane. Hlola ilebula lokudla ukuze uqiniseke.
• Thola umjovo womkhuhlane. Ngeke uvimbele umkhuhlane wezinyoni, kodwa ungakusiza ekuvikeleni umkhuhlane wezinkathi ezithile.Ukugonywa kusiza ekuvikeleni ingane yakho. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuthi zombili izinhlobo zomkhuhlane zikhule ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi kunciphisa nengozi yokuthi izimpawu zihambisane.

Ingabe inyoni yami noma esinye isilwane sami singaba nomkhuhlane wezinyoni?

Yebo, izinyoni zakho nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo (njengamakati) zingangenwa yi-bird flu uma zihlangana nesinye isilwane esinaleli gciwane. Ukugcina izilwane zakho ziphephile kungasiza ekugcineni umndeni wakho uphilile. Ngakho-ke landela lawa macebiso:

• Gcina inyoni yakho yesilwane, ukudla kwayo, namanzi endlini, kude nanoma yiziphi izindawo lapho ingachayeka khona esilwaneni esithelelekile. Ungavumeli isilwane sakho siphuze noma sidle ezindaweni lapho izinyoni zasendle kungenzeka ukuthi zingene khona futhi zasakaza igciwane, njengamachibi.
• Hlanza ikheji lenyoni njalo. Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi ngemva kokuphatha inyoni noma indle yayo.
• Zama ukugcina izinyoni engadini yakho (isibonelo, izinkukhu ezindlini) kude nezinyoni zasendle. Ukuze uqaphele kakhulu, gqoka imaski uma useduze nezinyoni.
• Vimbela ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo (njengezinja namakati) ukuthi zingathintani nezinyoni zasendle, izinyoni ezigulayo, inyama eluhlaza, inkukhu eluhlaza, kanye nobisi olungaphekiwe. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yazo yokugula.

Uma une -bird feeder , hlanza noma yiziphi izindawo ezingcoliswe yindle yezinyoni ngesibulali-magciwane bese ugeza izandla zakho. Amazwe amaningi, okuhlanganisa neSri Lanka, avimbele okwesikhashana noma unomphela ukungeniswa kwezinyoni eziphilayo kanye nemikhiqizo yezinyoni (njengenyama namaqanda) ezivela emazweni anomkhuhlane wezinyoni. Ngakho-ke uma uthola inyoni yezilwane, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ike yavezwa yileli gciwane, ikakhulukazi uma ivela emthonjeni othembekile. Kodwa-ke, kukhona nokuhweba ngezinyoni ezingaphandle ezingemthetho kanye nezinye izilwane. Ngaphambi kokuthi uthole isilwane, thola ukuthi sazalelwa kuphi, sakhulela kuphi, nokuthi sigonywe yini. Uma unemibuzo, khuluma nodokotela wezilwane .

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele sizithathe ekhaya kule ndaba?

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu ngomkhuhlane wezinyoni manje. Akukho okufanele ukwesabe, kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela nokuqaphela.

Nakuba umkhuhlane wezinyoni uvame ukuba yisifo esithinta izinyoni, ngezinye izikhathi ungadluliselwa kubantu. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kulabo abasebenza eduze nezilwane ezinegciwane noma abathinta uketshezi lwazo.

Khumbula,

• Ukuhlanzeka: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugeza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho, ukupheka ukudla ngendlela efanele, futhi uqaphele lapho uphatha inyama eluhlaza.
• Qaphela lapho uxhumana nezilwane: Ungaphumi uyobamba izinyoni zasendle ngaphandle kwesizathu. Qaphela lapho uvakashela amapulazi nama-zoo. Uma ubona izilwane ezigulayo noma ezifile, yazisa iziphathimandla ngokushesha.
• Qaphela izimpawu:Uma unomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ubuhlungu bomzimba, noma izinkinga zamehlo, ikakhulukazi uma uke wathintana nezilwane, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
• Cabanga nangezilwane zakho ezifuywayo: ukuzivikela kufana nokuzivikela wena nomndeni wakho.

Uma silandela lezi zinto ezilula, singahlala siphilile ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokungadingekile ngomkhuhlane wezinyoni. Uma uneminye imibuzo, sicela ubuze udokotela noma isikhulu sezempilo sendawo yakho. Umkhuhlane wezinyoni, Umkhuhlane Wezinyoni, i-H5N1, izimpawu, ukusabalala, ukuvimbela, kusuka ezilwaneni kuya kubantu, izilwane ezifuywayo