Uyazi ukuthi ukungcola komoya kubathinta kanjani abantwana abane-asthma? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Uma ingane yakho ine-asthma, cishe usuvele wazi ukuthi kunezinto ezithile ezingayibangela. Kungaba isimo sezulu esibandayo, ukucasuka kwezilwane ezifuywayo, noma intuthu. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ikhwalithi yomoya engeyinhle nayo ingaba yimbangela enkulu ye-asthma yengane yakho? Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungazinakekela kanjani ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi.

Lezi zinto eziyingozi emoyeni zithinta kanjani i-asthma?

Kalula nje, uma lezi zinto eziyingozi emoyeni, okungukuthi izinto ezifana nothuli nentuthu, zingena emigudwini yomoya yezingane zethu, zisebenza njengezinye izinto ezibangela i-asthma. Zibangela ukuthi imigudwini yomoya ibe bucayi, ivuvuke futhi inciphe. Yilapho ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula futhi izwa sengathi isifuba sayo sinciphile.

Cabanga ngalokhu. Izindlela zethu zomoya zifana namapayipi amancane. Kwenzekani uma ukungcola nothuli kungena ngaphakathi kwala mapayipi? Amapayipi avaleka futhi ukuhamba komoya kuncipha, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenzekayo ezindleleni zomoya zengane ene-asthma ngenxa yokungcola komoya.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, ngenxa yezinto eziyingozi ezikulo moya, izingane zinamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu njengomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane. Uyazi, uma unesifo esifana nalesi, isimo sakho se-asthma singaba sibi kakhulu. Ezinye izingane ziyazwela izinto ezifana nempova emoyeni (ama-Allergen). Kubantu abanjalo, lapho umoya ungcolisiwe, amaphaphu abo aba nomuzwa omkhulu kulezo zinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba.

Yiziphi lezi zinto ezingcolisayo ezibangela ubunzima bokuphefumula?

Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko emoyeni eziphazamisa ukuphefumula kwezingane zethu.

Ake sifunde kahle ngegesi ye-ozone.

Uke wezwa ngengqimba ye-ozone? Iphakeme ngaphezu komhlaba, isivikela emisebeni eyingozi evela elangeni. Kodwa kukhona olunye uhlobo lwe-ozone, i-ozone esezingeni lomhlaba, emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo. Lona awulungele amaphaphu ethu.

I-ozone esezingeni lomhlabathi yakhiwa lapho amakhemikhali akhishwa ezimotweni, ezimbonini ezinkulu, nasezitshalweni zikagesi ehlangana nokukhanya kwelanga. Kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ngezinye izinsuku, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, kuba nobumnyama obuphuzi-nsundu esibhakabhakeni (i-Smog). Lesi yingxenye eyinhloko yalokhu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukungcola kwe-ozone. Lokhu kubonakala kakhulu ezinsukwini ezishisayo, noma ezindaweni ezishisayo zezwe.

Imiphumela Yokungcola Kwezinhlayiya

Enye into eyingozi yizinhlayiya ezincane ezintanta emoyeni (Particle Pollution). Lezi yizingcezu ezincane kakhulu zezinto ezifana nothuli, ukungcola, intuthu, kanye nomusi. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinhlayiya ziphinde ziqongelele emoyeni ngenxa yemililo yasendle.

Lezi zinhlayiya zincane kakhulu kangangokuthi zingangena zijule emaphashini ethu ngokuphefumula kwethu.Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlayiya zincane kakhulu, cishe zingena zijule emaphashini futhi zibangele ubunzima bokuphefumula. Njengameva amancane, ziyalimaza indlela yokuphefumula .

Amanye Amagesi Angcolisayo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kushiswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zikaphethiloli (isibonelo, ezinjinini zezimoto, ezimbonini), amanye amagesi ayingozi ayengezwa emoyeni. Phakathi kwawo, `(Carbon Monoxide)`, `(Nitrogen Dioxide)` kanye `(Sulfur Dioxide)` yiwona ayinhloko. Uma kunamagesi amaningi kakhulu, kungathinta ngqo ukusebenza kwamaphaphu ethu.

Yini engingayenza ukuze ngisindise ingane yami kulokhu?

Manje ungase ucabange, 'O, pho ngingayivikela kanjani ingane yami kulezi zinto?' Ungakhathazeki. Kunezinto eziningana esingazenza.

Hlala uqaphele i-Air Quality Index (AQI)

Uma uhlala endaweni enekhwalithi yomoya ephansi, njengothuli nentuthu, qaphela amazinga okungcoliswa komoya. Ungaluthola lolu lwazi emibikweni yesimo sezulu yansuku zonke (ku-inthanethi, emaphephandabeni). Ungathola futhi ulwazi ngalokhu ngokuvakashela iwebhusayithi ye-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) e-United States, ethi ``www.airnow.gov`` (eSri Lanka, izikhungo ezifana ne-National Building Research Organisation (NBRO) nazo ngezinye izikhathi zikhipha idatha ngekhwalithi yomoya, ongayihlola futhi).

Lokhu kulinganiswa yi-EPA's Air Quality Index (AQI):

• I-ozone esezingeni eliphansi
• Lezo zinhlayiya ezincane (Ukungcola kwezinhlayiya)
• I-carbon monoxide
• I-sulfur dioxide
• Ingakanani i-nitrogen dioxide esemoyeni?

Leli nani le-AQI lingashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, usuku nosuku, ngisho nasekuseni kuya kusihlwa. Emadolobheni amakhulu, leli nani le-AQI liyadingeka ukuthi umphakathi waziswe nsuku zonke. Kodwa ngisho nasezindaweni ezincane kakhulu, kunezindlela zokuthola lolu lwazi. Le AQI inohlelo olunemibala olubonisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yomoya iyingozi yini:

• Uma kuluhlaza noma kuphuzi , isimo sihle, okusho ukuthi akukho nkinga enkulu.
• Uma kunombala ophuzi, obomvu, onsomi, noma ophuzi , kusho ukuthi abantu abane-asthma kufanele banciphise ukuchayeka kwabo ngaphandle ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izindawo eziningi zinikeza nenani le-AQI yosuku olulandelayo kusenesikhathi, ukuze ukwazi ukuhlela usuku lwakho ngokufanele. Cabanga nje, namhlanje ekuseni ubufunda iphephandaba futhi wabona ukuthi i-AQI ibomvu. Lokho kusho ukuthi umoya wanamuhla awulungile kubantu abane-asthma. Ngemuva kwalokho, esikhundleni sokuyisa ingane yakho enkundleni yokudlala ntambama, ungadlala umdlalo omncane ekhaya noma uhlanganyele nayo komunye umsebenzi wangaphakathi.

Amanye amathiphu abalulekile

Zama lezi zinto ngezinsuku lapho umoya ungekho ezingeni elifanele:

• Uma kwenzeka,Gcina umoya opholile uvuliwe ekhaya futhi unciphise imisebenzi yangaphandle yengane yakho.
• Uma kufanele wenze okuthile ngaphandle, hlela ukukwenza ekuseni. Ikhwalithi yomoya ivame ukuba ngcono kancane ekuseni. Futhi, gwema ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi enkulu.
• Uma kufanele uhlale emotweni isikhathi eside, vala amafasitela nezimbobo zomoya bese uvula i-air conditioner esikhundleni salokho.
• Uma ingane yakho idlala umdlalo odinga ukuzijwayeza ngaphandle uma kushisa, khuluma nomqeqeshi ukuze ubone ukuthi ingakwazi yini ukuzijwayeza ejimini yangaphakathi enomoya opholile.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ihlala inomuthi wokusiza ngokushesha (i-rescue inhaler). Lokhu kungaba yi-inhaler ongayisebenzisa ezimweni eziphuthumayo.
• Kuwukuhlakanipha futhi ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya ngaphakathi kwekhaya lakho. Ungasebenzisa isihlanzi somoya ukwenza lokhu. Futhi, faka umoya ekhaya lakho ukuze ususe umusi ezintweni zikagesi. Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinkuni kanye nemililo yokushisa izinkuni endlini ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi udinga ukushintsha imithi yengane yakho ngezinsuku ezinomoya ongcolile kakhulu. Khumbula, kunezinsuku lapho kunothuli oluningi emoyeni. Ngezinsuku ezinjengalezi, khuluma nodokotela wakho futhi mhlawumbe wandise noma ushintshe imithi yengane yakho. Lezi zinguquko zingafakwa njengengxenye yohlelo lwesenzo sengane yakho nge-asthma.

Ekugcineni, khumbula lokhu...

Cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi uma unengane ene-asthma, udinga futhi ukukhathazeka kakhulu ngokungcoliswa komoya.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu bese uthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo.

• Hlala unake ikhwalithi yomoya (i-AQI), ikakhulukazi ngezinsuku lapho uthuli nentuthu ziphezulu khona.
• Ngezinsuku lapho umoya ungcolisiwe, zama ukugcina ingane yakho ingekho endlini ngangokunokwenzeka. Zama ukugcina umoya uhlanzekile ngisho noma ungaphakathi endlini.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho ihlala inomuthi wokusiza/wokusindisa ngokushesha uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese wenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ezidingekayo ohlelweni lwesenzo se-asthma yengane yakho.

Uma uzinakekela lezi zinto, uzokwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu imiphumela yokungcola komoya enganeni yakho. Kuzoba usizo olukhulu ekugcineni ingane yakho iphilile!

Isifuba somoya , Ukungcola komoya, Impilo Yabantwana, Izifo Zokuphefumula, i-AQI, Isifuba somoya, Ukungcola komoya