Ngemva kokudla ukudla okuthengiwe esitolo, noma mhlawumbe okuthile okuphekiwe ekhaya, isisu sakho siqala ukuvuvukala, uzizwa ugula, uhlanza, uzizwa ubuthakathaka... Wake waba nakho lokhu? Sivame ukukubiza ngokuthi "ubuthi bokudla". Imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu yobuthi bokudla ngale ndlela yi-bacterium i-Salmonella. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi iyini le salmonella, kwenzekani uma ingena emizimbeni yethu, nokuthi singazivikela kanjani kuyo.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Salmonella?
I-Salmonella uhlobo lwebhaktheriya. Uma leli bhaktheriya lingena emzimbeni wethu, ngokwezokwelapha silibiza ngokuthi i-gastroenteritis, isimo esibangela
izinkinga zesisu ,
njengohudo , izinhlungu zesisu,
nokuhlanza . Kodwa olimini esilukhulumayo, silibiza ngokuqondile ngokuthi "ubuthi be-salmonella." Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lobuthi bokudla olubangelwa amagciwane emhlabeni. Kodwa into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhaktheriya e-Salmonella. Ezinye izinhlobo zibangela izifo ezinkulu njengomkhuhlane
we-typhoid . Kodwa i-Salmonella ebangela lobu buthi bokudla obuvamile esikhuluma ngabo namuhla ihlukile.
Kwenzekani uma i-Salmonella ingena emzimbeni?
Ake sithi udla ukudla okuqukethe amagciwane e-salmonella. Lawa magciwane angena esiswini sethu. Ngokuvamile, i-asidi yesisu sethu kanye
nesistimu yethu yokuzivikela komzimba kubulala la
magciwane . Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma amagciwane amaningi edlula lawa magciwane bese engena emathunjini ethu, yilapho inkinga iqala khona. Lawa magciwane
angena emaseli angaphakathi kwamathumbu ethu bese eqala ukuwabhubhisa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kuba nzima kakhulu emzimbeni wethu ukumunca amanzi nezakhamzimba emathunjini.
- Kungani ngiba nobuhlungu besisu ? Kulapho amathumbu onakele ngale ndlela lapho ngiba nobuhlungu besisu kanye nomuzwa wokuhlanzwa.
- Kungani kuba khona isifo sohudo? Isifo sohudo ngamanzi engeziwe umzimba ongeke ukwazi ukuwamunca. Empeleni lokhu kuwumzamo womzimba wokukhipha amagciwane .
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Noma ubani angangenwa yi-salmonella. Kodwa abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuyithola, kanti abanye abantu bangaba yingozi kakhulu uma beyithola. Ake sihlukanise le ngozi ibe yizigaba ezimbili.
| Isigaba sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|
| Abantu abanamathuba amaningi okutheleleka | - Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala: Ngoba amasosha omzimba azo asakhula.
- Abantu abasebenza noma abahlala nezilwane: Abantu abaxhumana nezilwane ezifana nezinkukhu, amadada, izimfudu, kanye nezibankwa basengozini enkulu.
- Abantu abasebenzisa ama-antacid noma abasanda kusebenzisa ama-antibiotic: Le mithi yehlisa i-asidi esiswini, ivumela amabhaktheriya ukuthi aphile kalula.
- Abantu abaneSifo Sokuvuvukala Kwamathumbu ( IBD ): Ukutheleleka kungavela kalula ngoba amathumbu asevele onakele yilezi zifo.
|
| Abantu abanamathuba amaningi okuba nesifo esibi kakhulu | - Izinsana ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ubudala kanye nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 ubudala: Bobabili laba bantu banesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka futhi bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka yilesi sifo.
- Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka: Isibonelo, abantu abane-HIV, labo abenza i-chemotherapy yomdlavuza, noma labo amasosha abo omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa yezinye izifo/imithi.
- Abantu abanesifo se-sickle cell: Laba bantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezingavamile njenge-osteomyelitis, ukutheleleka kwamathambo okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-Salmonella.
|
Ziyini izimpawu ze-salmonella?
Izimpawu zingavela zingakapheli amahora ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngemva kokungena kwebhaktheriya ye-Salmonella emzimbeni. Lezi zimpawu zenzeka kakhulu esiswini nasemathunjini ethu.
- Uhudo: Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube negazi elincane esitulweni.
- Umkhuhlane: Ungaba nomkhuhlane uma umzimba wakho ushisa kakhulu.
- Ubuhlungu besisu: Ubuhlungu bungase buzwakale sengathi isisu sakho siyagoqeka noma siyasonta.
- Isicanucanu Nokuhlanza: Ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu esiqhubekayo kungenzeka.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Abanye abantu nabo baphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu.
Okubalulekile: Ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozozibonakalisa zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ingabe wonke umuntu uzohlanza?
Cha. Akuwona wonke umuntu othola i-Salmonella ozohlanza.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu uhudo kanye nomkhuhlane. Ukuhlanza kumane nje kuyisibonakaliso abanye abantu ababhekana naso.
Indle ibukeka kanjani uma une-Salmonella?
Ngokuvamile, indle iwuketshezi futhi ingadluliswa njalo. Lokho kusho ukuthi inamanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi
, uma ubona igazi elincane esitulweni sakho, lokho kuyinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
Le salmonella ingena kanjani emizimbeni yethu?
Ibhaktheriya ye-Salmonella ivame ukuhlala emathunjini abantu nezilwane. Ngakho-ke leli bhaktheriya lingangena ekudleni naseziphuzweni zethu nasezintweni esizithinta ngezindlela ezahlukene.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokudluliselwa kwe-Salmonella yilezi:- Ukudla okungaphekiwe kahle: Ukudla inyama engaphekiwe kahle, izinkukhu, ukudla kwasolwandle, ikakhulukazi amaqanda aluhlaza noma angaphekiwe kahle.
- Izithelo nemifino egcwele amagciwane: Izithelo nemifino edliwa ngaphandle kokugezwa.
- Amanzi nobisi olungcolile: Ukuphuza amanzi angcolile, ukudla izinto ezifana nobisi olungaphekwanga noma ushizi.
- Ukulungisa ukudla ngaphandle kokugeza izandla: Ukungagezi izandla kahle ngenkathi ulungisa noma udla ukudla.
- Ezilwaneni: Leli gciwane lingatholakala eboyeni, ezimpapheni, esikhumbeni, emaqakaleni, nasendle yezilwane. Uma sithinta lezi zilwane ngaphandle kokugeza izandla zethu bese sifaka izandla zethu emlonyeni wethu, igciwane lingangena kalula emizimbeni yethu. Lingadluliselwa kunoma yisiphi isilwane esisendlini, njengezinja, amakati, izinkukhu, kanye nezimfudu.
- Kumuntu onegciwane: Uma umuntu one-salmonella eya endlini yokugezela futhi elungisa ukudla ngaphandle kokugeza izandla zakhe kahle, noma uma sithinta into ayithintile, nathi singangenwa yileli gciwane.
Okubalulekile, ukudla okuqukethe igciwane le-Salmonella ngokuvamile akushintshi ngokubonakalayo. Akushintshi umbala, iphunga, noma ukunambitheka. Ngakho-ke asikwazi ukukubona ngokubona.
Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla futhi zingathuthuki ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kungcono ukubona udokotela. Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi akuhlole. Ngokuvamile bazokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesampula yendle:Lolu yisivivinyo esiyinhloko. Uzocelwa ukuthi ufake indle encane esitsheni esikhethekile. Ilabhorethri izohlola lesi sampula ukuze ibone ukuthi ikhona yini i-bacterium ye-Salmonella.
- Isampula yegazi: Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma isifo sibi kakhulu, kuthathwa isampula yegazi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi amagciwane asakazekele egazini yini.
- Amanye amasampula: Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kuhlolwe isampula yomchamo noma ubomvu obuvela esilondeni emzimbeni.
Iphathwa kanjani? Ingaphathwa kanjani ekhaya?
Umbuzo omkhulu abantu abaningi abanawo ukuthi bayayidinga yini imithi yalokhu.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi amacala amaningi okutheleleka nge-salmonella awadingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Amasosha omzimba wethu angalwa namagciwane futhi anqobe. Izimpawu zizothuthuka kancane kancane futhi ziphele zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-4 kuya kweziyi-7.
Kodwa-ke, uma lesi sifo sibi kakhulu, noma uma ungomunye wamaqembu asengozini okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukukunikeza
ama-antibiotic . Isibonelo, unganikezwa imithi efana ne-Ciprofloxacin, i-Ceftriaxone, noma i-Azithromycin.
Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uziphathe ekhaya
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyiqaphele kulesi sifo
ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, noma ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Uhudo nokuhlanza kubangela ukuthi umzimba ulahlekelwe uketshezi oluningi. Lokhu kungaba yingozi. Ngakho-ke,
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka: Phuza amanzi amancane, umhluzi, iphalishi, amasobho, ujusi wewolintshi, kanye nojusi wezithelo (ongezwe amanzi amancane) njalo.
- Ukuphumula: Ukuphumula umzimba wakho kukusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.
- Imithi yokwelapha uhudo: Abantu abadala bangasebenzisa okwesikhashana imithi yokwelapha uhudo ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, njenge-loperamide, kodwa bangalokothi banikeze izingane ezincane le mithi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela kuqala.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?
Nakuba i-salmonella ivame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela izinkinga, ikakhulukazi uma ingelashwa noma kubantu abasemaqenjini asengozini.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Lena yinkinga evame kakhulu futhi eyingozi. Uma inani lamanzi nosawoti emzimbeni lehla ngendlela eyingozi, kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
- I-Bacteremia: Amabhaktheriya angangena egazini esuka emathunjini asakazeke emzimbeni wonke. Lokhu kungaholela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis.
- Isifo Samathambo Esisabelayo:Ngemva kokuba ukutheleleka sekuphelile, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bamalunga namehlo abomvu njengokusabela ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba.
- Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis): Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa kunengozi yokuthi kwenzeke kubantu abanesifo se-sickle cell.
Ingozi yokufa ngenxa ye-salmonella iphansi kakhulu, kodwa akuyona into engenakwenzeka ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu.
Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu: Ungazivikela kanjani ku-salmonella?
Ukuhlala uphephile kulesi sifo akunzima kangako. Kwanele ukuqaphela kancane kwezinye zezinto esizenzayo nsuku zonke.
Qiniseka ukuthi wenza lezi zinto uma ulungisa ukudla
1.
Geza izandla zakho njalo: Geza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla, ngaphambi kokudla, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nangemva kokuphatha inyama eluhlaza nenhlanzi. 2.
Hlukanisa inyama eluhlaza nokudla okuphekiwe: Ungasebenzisi amabhodi okusika, imimese, noma ezinye izinto zokusika inyama eluhlaza noma inkukhu. Geza bese uhlanza kahle ngemva kokusebenzisa. Ungabeki ukudla okuphekiwe epuletini elinenyama eluhlaza. 3.
Pheka ukudla kahle: Pheka inyama, inhlanzi, inkukhu, namaqanda kuze kube yilapho kuphekiwe kahle ngaphakathi. Uma kusebomvu, akuphekiwe kahle. 4.
Geza izithelo nemifino kahle: Geza izithelo nemifino kahle ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo ngaphambi kokudla noma ukupheka. 5.
Gcina ukudla kusezingeni lokushisa elifanele: Faka ukudla okuphekiwe efrijini ngokushesha. Ungakushiyi isikhathi eside kakhulu. 6.
Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yobisi ephekiwe kuphela: Hlola ukuthi ubisi oluthengwe esitolo, i-yogurt, noshizi kuphekiwe yini.
Cabanga ngalokhu lapho uxhumana nezilwane.
1.
Geza izandla zakho ngemva kokuphatha izilwane: Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi ngemva kokuphatha izilwane ezifuywayo, okuhlanganisa nezilwane ezifuywayo, nangemva kokuhlanza izitsha zokudla namakheji azo. 2.
Ungaziqabuli izilwane: Gwema ukuqabula izilwane emlonyeni noma ebusweni. 3.
Ungazigcini izilwane ekhishini: Ungazigcini izilwane, ikakhulukazi izimfudu nezibankwa, ekhishini noma lapho kulungiswa khona ukudla. 4.
Qaphela abantu abanezivikelo zomzimba ezibuthakathaka: Uma unezivikelo zomzimba ezibuthakathaka, noma uma unengane engaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala noma umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ekhaya, gwema ukuthinta izilwane ezisengozini enkulu (izimfudu, izinkukhu).
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Izimpawu zivame ukuphela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela noma uye
eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Uhudo olubi kakhulu: Uma uhudo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu.
- Igazi esitulweni.
- Umkhuhlane omkhulu: Uma unomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-39°C (102°F).
- Ukuhlanza njalo: Uma uhlanza kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukugcina lutho phansi.
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okukhulu:
- Imvamisa ephansi kakhulu kanye nenani lomchamo eliphumayo.
- Umchamo ophuzi omnyama/owolintshi.
- Umlomo nolimi olomile.
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu lapho umi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Salmonella yibhaktheriya evamile ebangela ubuthi ekudleni. Lokhu kuvame ukuphelela ngokwako ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu kulesi sifo ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ngakho-ke phuza uketshezi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ngokunakekela ukuphepha kokudla (ukupheka kahle, ukugeza izandla), ama-99% alesi sifo angavinjelwa.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla zakho ngemva kokuthinta izilwane.
- Uma unezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu (umkhuhlane ophakeme, igazi esitulweni sakho, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu), bona udokotela ngokushesha.
I-Salmonella, i-Salmonella IsiSinhala, ubuthi bokudla, ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza, ubuthi bokudla eSri Lanka, i-gastroenteritis sinhala
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho