Kuyini i-SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)? Ingabe kufana nomlilo omkhulu ngaphakathi emzimbeni? Ake sixoxe!

Wake wezwa ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)? Leli gama lingase libe lisha kuwe. Kodwa liyisimo esiyingozi kakhulu esingase senzeke emizimbeni yethu. Kufana nomzimba osabela ngokweqile enkingeni encane bese uqala umlilo omkhulu. Ingabe kufanele sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe?

Iyini i-SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)?

Kalula nje, i-SIRS yilapho umzimba wethu usabela ngokweqile kumuntu ocindezelayo. Cabanga ngakho njengohlelo lokuzivikela lwezwe. Lapho kufika isitha esincane, kufanele silwe naso ngendlela efanele. Kodwa ku-SIRS, kunjengokungathi leli butho liqala impi enkulu ngento encane. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu emzimbeni wonke. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungalimaza izitho zethu ezibalulekile, kubangele ukuthi ziyeke ukusebenza, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kube yingozi ngisho nokuphila. Yingakho kuyingozi. Uma sikhuluma ngezinto ezicindezelayo, ziyini?

• Ukutheleleka : Ukutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane , amagciwane , isikhunta, njll. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nokutheleleka okuncane kwesilonda kungabangela umkhuhlane, kodwa uma kuba kubi kakhulu, kungaholela ku-SIRS.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, umzimba ngezinye izikhathi ungasabela kanje.
• Ukuvuvukala okubukhali: Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe, okukhulu endaweni ethile emzimbeni, isibonelo, i-pancreatitis .
• I-Ischemia: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi engxenyeni yomzimba noma esithweni kuncipha. Khona-ke amaseli akulezo zindawo aqala ukufa, futhi umzimba ungasabela kulokhu.
• Umdlavuza: I-SIRS ingavela nakwezinye izimo zomdlavuza.

Izinto ezinjengalezi ziyimbangela eyinhloko ye-SIRS.

Ingabe i-SIRS ne-Sepsis ziyinto efanayo?

Yebo, yize kukhona ukuxhumana okuncane phakathi kwalokhu okubili, i-sepsis iyisimo esihlukile kancane kune-SIRS. Lalela ngokucophelela. Uma imbangela ye-SIRS ingukutheleleka , yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-sepsis . Uyaqonda? Okusho ukuthi, cishe wonke umuntu one-sepsis une-SIRS. Ngoba izimpawu ze-SIRS zenzeka lapho umzimba usabela ekuthelelekeni. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu one-SIRS one-sepsis. Ngoba i-SIRS ingabangelwa hhayi kuphela ukutheleleka, kodwa futhi nezinye izimbangela ezifana nokuhlinzwa, umdlavuza, kanye ne-ischemia, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili. I-Sepsis nayo iyisimo esisongela kakhulu impilo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela kokubili.

Ivame kangakanani i-SIRS?

Kunzima kubacwaningi ukusho ukuthi lokhu kuvame kangakanani, ngoba akubona bonke abane-SIRS abafika esibhedlela ngesikhathi. Kodwa i-SIRS iyisimo esivame kakhulu eminyangweni yezimo eziphuthumayo kanye nasezindlini zokunakekelwa okujulile (i-ICU) . Kokunye ukuhlola, babheke iziguli ezingaba ngu-27,000 ezibhedlela. Kulabo, abangu-15% babenezimpawu okungenani ezimbili ezazingabhekwa njenge-SIRS lapho bengeniswa esibhedlela. Futhi abangu-47% bahlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-SIRS okungenani kanye ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwabo esibhedlela. Ngakho-ke ungacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungaba yingozi kangakanani.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-SIRS? Uzibona kanjani?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-SIRS inezimbangela eziningi futhi ithinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba, izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu. Kodwa uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu:

• Ubomvu nokuvuvukala (i-edema) ezindaweni ezithintekile zomzimba: kufana nokuvuvukala okuzungeze inxeba, noma kungaba kubi kakhulu.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu: Ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki endaweni ethintekile.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle ezingxenyeni zomzimba: Isibonelo, ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingalo noma umlenze.
• Ukukhathala okukhulu: Ungase uzizwe ukhathele futhi ulele kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza lutho.
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (i-Tachycardia): Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile. Ingadlula ukushaya okungu-90 ngomzuzu.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula: Ubunzima bokuphefumula, izinga lokuphefumula elikhuphukile (ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezingama-20 ngomzuzu).
• Umkhuhlane noma i-Hypothermia : Umzimba ungashisa kakhulu bese uba nomkhuhlane, noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingancipha ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-36 (96.8 Fahrenheit).
• Ukuqhaqhazela noma ukubanda: Uqala ukuthuthumela sengathi unomkhuhlane.
• Isikhumba sizwakala sishisa noma simanzi ngenxa yokujuluka: Ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba singase sizizwe sishisa noma simanzi ngenxa yokujuluka.
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba: Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuqubuka, njenge-eczema, zingavela esikhumbeni.
• Ukudideka, ukucasuka, noma ezinye izinguquko zengqondo: Izimpawu ezifana nokudideka, ukucasuka, kanye nenkulumo engacacile.
• Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo: Lesi yisibonakaliso esiyingozi kakhulu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu:Uma unalezi zimpawu, sicela ungahlali ekhaya. Yiya esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu, noma ushayele i-ambulensi ku-1990. I-SIRS iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-SIRS?

I-SIRS yenzeka, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lapho amasosha omzimba ethu esabela ngokweqile kumuntu ocindezelayo. Ngokuvamile, umzimba wethu usebenzisa ukuvuvukala ukuze usisize. Cabanga ngakho, lapho sithola inxeba, liyavuvukala futhi liphenduke libe bomvu ngoba amaseli eza ukulwa nalo futhi aqale ukuphulukisa inxeba. Kodwa ku-SIRS, le mpendulo iba nzima ngokungadingekile , futhi lokhu kuvuvukala ngokwako kusibangela ukulimala okukhulu. Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko ezingathinta isimo se-SIRS:

• Ukufutha ukudla noma uketshezi okunamandla: Uma ukudla noma uketshezi kugwinywa ngesikhathi kudliwa noma kuphuzwa, futhi lezi zinto zingena emaphashini, lokhu kungabangela ne-SIRS.
• Ischemia ebukhali yesitho sokuphela: Lapho ukuphakelwa kwegazi esithweni esibalulekile, njengobuchopho, inhliziyo, noma izinso, kuvele kume noma kunciphe kakhulu.
• I-pancreatitis ebukhali: Lesi futhi yisimo esibi kakhulu.
• Ukusabela okubi emuthini: Umzimba ungasabela kabi kweminye imithi.
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Ukutheleleka okukhulu ngamagciwane njenge-pneumonia kanye ne-meningitis.
• Umdlavuza wegazi (i-hematologic malignancy): Izimo ezifana ne-leukemia, i-lymphoma, kanye ne-multiple myeloma.
• Ukusha: I-SIRS ingenzeka futhi ngenxa yokusha okukhulu.
• I-Erythema multiforme: Lokhu ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba.
• Ukuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi emathunjini akho kanye nokubhoboka kwesisu.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa okungezona ezokwelapha kanye nokweqisa izidakamizwa.
• I-Vasculitis: Lesi yisimo sokuvuvukala esenzeka emithanjeni yegazi.
• I-Toxic shock syndrome: Lesi futhi yisimo esisongela ukuphila esibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
• Ukulimala kanye nokulimala okuhlobene nokuhlinzwa.
• Izimo ezifana nomkhuhlane obangelwa yigciwane: Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nomkhuhlane ovamile ungaphenduka ube yi-SIRS uma uba mubi kakhulu.
• Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta okusabalele kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka.

Manje cishe uyaqonda ukuthi ama-SIRS angenzeka ngezizathu eziningi.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-SIRS?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola ama-SIRS kunabanye. Ake sibone ukuthi bangobani.

• Ubudala: Izingane ezincane kanye nabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 basengozini enkulu ngoba amasosha omzimba womabili alaba bantu angase abe buthakathaka kancane.
• Ukuba nesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka: Abantu abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza, labo abane-HIV, kanye nalabo abaye bafakelwa izitho zomzimba banciphise isimiso somzimba somzimba, okwenza kube nokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ne-SIRS.
• Izimo ezingamahlalakhona: Abantu abanezimo zesikhathi eside ezifana nesifo sikashukela, i-cirrhosis (ukuqina kwesibindi), kanye ne-COPD (isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona) nabo basengozini enkulu.
• Ukutheleleka okukhona: Uma usuvele unesifo, njenge-pneumonia, i-meningitis, noma i-cellulitis (ukutheleleka kwesikhumba), kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi sibe sibi kakhulu futhi siqhubekele ku-SIRS.

Ngakho-ke uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zici eziyingozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-SIRS.

Odokotela baxilonga kanjani i-SIRS?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-SIRS iyisimo esingasongela impilo, odokotela bazama ukusixilonga ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Basebenzisa okulandelayo ukwenza kanjalo:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Umzimba wakho uyahlolwa, ikakhulukazi izimpawu ezibalulekile njengomkhuhlane, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushaya kokuphefumula, kanye nomfutho wegazi.
• Izimpawu zakho: Sikubuza ngokucophelela mayelana nokungakhululeki obhekene nakho.
• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Uzobuzwa ngezinto ezifana nezifo zangaphambilini kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo.
• Imbangela engaba khona ye-SIRS: Uma imbangela ye-SIRS ingatholakala, kuzosiza nasekuxilongweni.

Ngokuvamile, udokotela onalezi zimpawu uzosola i-SIRS bese eqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwalokho, angenza nezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuze ahlole impilo yakho futhi athole imbangela eqondile ye-SIRS. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kungahlola izinto eziningi. Isibonelo, iphaneli ye-metabolic eyisisekelo, ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) (lokhu kuhlola inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi), ukuhlolwa kwe-lactic acid, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso, njll.
• Izinga le-oxygen egazini.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo.
• Ukuhlolwa kokukhuliswa kwamagciwane: Ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka nokuthi, uma kunjalo, kubangelwa yimaphi amagciwane.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe:Izinto ezifana ne-X-ray noma i-CT scan zingabonisa ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi emzimbeni.

Izindinganiso ze-SIRS

Ukuze utholakale une-SIRS, kufanele okungenani ube nezimpawu ezimbili ezilandelayo:

• Izinga lokushisa lomzimba: Ukwenyuka kwama-degree Celsius angaphezu kwama-38 (100.4 Fahrenheit) noma ukwehla kwama-degree Celsius angaphezu kwama-36 (96.8 Fahrenheit).
• Isilinganiso senhliziyo: Sikhuphuke safinyelela ngaphezu kwama-beats angu-90 ngomzuzu.
• Izinga lokuphefumula: Ukwanda kwenani lokuphefumula ngomzuzu okungaphezu kwama-20, noma ukwehla kwengcindezi engaphelele ye-CO2 egazini okungaphezu kwama-32 mmHg.
• Inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi (ama-leukocyte): Ukwanda okungaphezu kuka-12,000.

Kodwa kubantwana, lezi zindlela zihlukile kancane. Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi bane-SIRS, kumele babe nenani elingavamile lamaseli amhlophe egazi kanye nokushisa komzimba okungajwayelekile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwezingane kanye nezinga lokuphefumula ngokuvamile liphakeme kancane kunabantu abadala.

Iphathwa kanjani i-SIRS?

Kunezinto ezimbili ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho welapha i-SIRS. Enye ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo ye-SIRS. Enye ukuvimbela i-multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Izinketho zokwelapha zingahluka kuye ngembangela ye-SIRS. Kodwa-ke, nansi eminye yemithi evame kakhulu yokwelapha:

• Ukunikeza uketshezi ngomthambo (uketshezi lwe-IV): Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igazi ligeleza kahle ezithweni zomzimba futhi kuvimbele umfutho wegazi ukuthi wehle kakhulu.
• Ama-antibiotic: Uma i-SIRS ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, le mithi iyanikezwa.
• Imithi yokucindezela igazi: Uma umfutho wegazi wakho uphansi kakhulu, le mithi inikezwa ukuze ubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Lawa asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela umzimba ukuthi ungashaqeki noma ukusiza ukuthi ululame kuleso simo.
• I-insulini ngemithambo yegazi (i-insulini ye-IV): Lawula amazinga kashukela egazini (uma kudingeka).
• Ukuhlinzwa: Isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kokuhlola ukuze kususwe ubomvu esilondeni esibhibhayo, kususwe izicubu ezonakele, noma kutholakale ukuthi yini engalungile ngaphakathi.

Cabanga nje, uma unenkinga yezinso, ungase udinge i-dialysis (ukuhlanzwa kwegazi). Ngokufanayo, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, ungase udinge ukuxhunywa kumshini wokuphefumula.

Kungenzeka yini ukululama ku-SIRS? Uyini umbono?

Ukubikezela kwe-SIRS kuncike ezintweni eziningana.

• Indlela osheshe watholakala ngayo ukuthi unesifo futhi welashwa.
• Iyini imbangela eyinhloko ye-SIRS?
• Ukuthi unezici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-SIRS (isb., isimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka).

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma belashwa ngokushesha, iningi labantu abane-SIRS liyalulama ngokuphelele futhi lingabuyela ekuphileni okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, lesi yisimo esibi esingaba yingozi ngezinye izikhathi. Izinga lokufa elivela ku-SIRS licishe libe ngu-7%. Izinga lokufa elivela ku-sepsis ikakhulukazi lingokulandelayo:

• Nge-sepsis: 1.3%
• Nge-sepsis enzima: 9.2%
• Ngokwethuka kwe-septic (isimo esibangelwa yi-sepsis): 28%

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu ze-SIRS, njengoba kunengozi yokufa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-SIRS?

I-SIRS (ikakhulukazi uma ibangelwa ukutheleleka) ingaqhubekela phambili ku-sepsis enzima noma ukushaqeka kwe-septic. Kungaholela nasekuhlulekeni kwezitho eziningi noma kwezitho eyodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izindlala zakho ze-adrenal zingakhiqizi ama-hormone abalulekile anele njenge-cortisol.
• I-Acute encephalopathy: Noma yisiphi isifo sobuchopho esithinta ukusebenza noma isakhiwo sobuchopho.
• I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Umonakalo omkhulu emaphashini.
• I-transaminitis ebukhali: Ukwanda kwamazinga ama-enzyme athile athinta ukusebenza kwesibindi.
• I-acute tubular necrosis: Ukulimala kwezinso.
• Ukugoba kwegazi emithanjeni ejulile (i-Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT).
• Ukugoqana Kwemithambo Yegazi Okusabalalisiwe (DIC): Lesi yisimo lapho kwakheka khona amahlule amancane egazi emzimbeni wonke, okuholela ekwandeni kokuphuma kwegazi.
• I-Hemolysis: Ukuwohloka kwamaseli abomvu egazi.
• I-Metabolic acidosis: Ukwanda kwe-asidi emzimbeni.
• I-Thrombocytosis (ukwanda kwenani lamaplatelet) noma i-thrombocytopenia (ukwehla kwenani lamaplatelet).

Ezinye zalezi zinkinga zingelashwa futhi zelapheke, futhi zingaguqulwa. Kodwa ezinye, njengokulimala kobuchopho, zingaba unomphela. Yingakho i-SIRS iyingozi kangaka.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sivimbele ama-SIRS?

Nakuba ama-SIRS engenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, kunezinto ezimbalwa esingazenza ukuze sinciphise amathuba okuba kwenzeke. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

• Landela njalo imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka: Zama ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngegciwane, ikakhulukazi ngezinto ezifana nokugeza izandla.
• Ukugcina amanxeba nezinye izilonda zihlanzekile kuze kube yilapho ziphola: Qaphela ukuthi ungavumeli ngisho nesilonda esincane sibole.
• Ukuthola imijovo enconywayo ngesikhathi: Lokhu kungavikela ezifweni eziningi.
• Thola ukwelashwa okufanele kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona: Kubalulekile ukulawula izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Bona udokotela uma izimpawu zesimo noma ukugula okukhona ziba zimbi kakhulu: Ungashalazeli into encane.
• Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ulimele kakhulu noma usola ukuthi unesifo: Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela umonakalo omkhulu.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Into yokuqala okudingeka uyikhumbule ukuthi i-SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo . Ukuze uvimbele i-SIRS, kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka, izinkinga zesimo sezokwelapha, noma ukulimala okukhulu. Uma ingelashwa, i-SIRS ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ngisho nokufa. Uma unezici eziyingozi ze-SIRS (isb., isimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, ukugula okungapheli), khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokuphatha lezo zingozi, ukuthi ziyini izimpawu ze-SIRS, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma zenzeka. Nakekela impilo yakho futhi waziswe. Yilokho okubaluleke kakhulu! I-SIRS, I-Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, I-Sepsis, I-Sepsis, Ukuvuvukala, Ukutheleleka, Impendulo Yomzimba, Ukwelashwa Okuphuthumayo