Ake sifunde ngqo ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Lezi zinto zibalulekile nakuwe!

Wake waba nobuhlungu besisu ngemva kokudla okuthile noma isilonda esincane? Mhlawumbe unomkhuhlane futhi uzizwa ukhathele kancane. Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kungaba yimbangela yalezi zinto. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi ziyini lezi zifo zamagciwane, ukuthi zikhula kanjani, nokuthi singazivikela kanjani kuzo.

Kuyini ukutheleleka ngamagciwane?

Kalula nje, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane yinoma yisiphi isifo noma isimo esibangelwa amagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu futhi akhule noma akhiqize ubuthi . Cabanga nje, la magciwane ayingozi angahlala esikhumbeni sakho, emathunjini (i-GI tract) , emaphashini, enhliziyweni, ebuchosheni, egazini, noma kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho futhi abangele ukugula. La magciwane ayingozi angangena emizimbeni yethu evela endaweni esikuyo, kumuntu noma esilwaneni esinegciwane, ukulunywa yizinambuzane, noma ngento engcolile (njengokudla, amanzi, noma izindawo). Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho namagciwane angasilimazi futhi asevele esemizimbeni yethu angabangela ukutheleleka uma efika endaweni okungafanele angene kuyo.

Ayini amabhaktheriya? Ungachaza kancane?

Amabhaktheriya ayizinto eziphilayo ezineseli elilodwa ezingazalana ngokushesha okukhulu. Kunezigidi zala mabhaktheriya ezisizungezile – enhlabathini, emanzini, emakhaya ethu, ezindaweni zethu zokusebenza. Ungamangali, kunezigidi zamabhaktheriya ahlala esikhumbeni sakho nangaphakathi emzimbeni wakho! Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke la mabhaktheriya amabi kithi. Izinhlobo eziningi zamabhaktheriya azisilimazi, futhi amanye aze asisize. Isibonelo, kunebhaktheriya esisiza ukugaya ukudla futhi abulale amanye amabhaktheriya ayingozi azama ukungena emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nala mabhaktheriya awusizo angasibangela izinkinga uma ekhula lapho kungafanele khona.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokutheleleka ngebhaktheriya nokutheleleka ngegciwane?

Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abadideka ngayo. Ake sibone ukuthi umehluko uyini phakathi kwalokhu okubili.

• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kubangelwa izinto eziphilayo ezineseli elilodwa. Zingazalana ngokwazo. Zimbalwa izinhlobo zamagciwane ezingenza abantu bagule. Okubalulekile ukuthi izifo eziningi zamagciwane zingelashwa ngama -antibiotic .
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane kubangelwa izinto eziphilayo ezingezona ezeseli. Amagciwane ahlala edinga umuntu ohlala kuwo, kungaba umuntu noma omunye, ukuze azalane. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokwelapha ukutheleleka ngegciwane.

Usuyaqonda umehluko manje?

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokutheleleka ngamagciwane?

Amabhaktheriya angabangela izifo ezahlukahlukene. Kuya ngokuthi amabhaktheriya angene kanjani kuwe nokuthi athinta yiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho. Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu:

• Ubuthi bokudla ( (Gastroenteritis) )
• Ezinye izifo zesikhumba, indlebe, noma ama-sinus
• Ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi ( ama-STI )
• I-pneumonia ebangelwa amagciwane
• Izifo eziningi zomgudu womchamo (UTIs)

Unganikeza ezinye izibonelo?

Nazi ezinye ezimbalwa, okungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngazo:

• Ukutheleleka kwe -Campylobacter kanye ne -Salmonella – lezi yizinhlobo ezivamile zokungenwa yizifo ekudleni.
• I-cellulitis , amathumba, kanye ne-impetigo – lezi yizifo ezenzeka esikhumbeni.
• Isifo se-pneumococcal - Lokhu kufaka phakathi izifo zendlebe kanye ne-sinus, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-pneumonia.
• Isifo seLyme - Lesi yisifo esithwalwa yizimpukane.
• I-Bacterial Vaginosis - Ukwanda kwamagciwane esithweni sakho sangasese sowesifazane.
• I-Chlamydia kanye ne -Gonorrhea – Lezi izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu – Lokhu ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okubangela umphimbo obuhlungu, okuvamile ezinganeni.
• C. diff – ukutheleleka okwenzeka emathunjini.
• I-E. coli – igciwane elivame ukubangela izifo zomgudu womchamo (UTIs) .

Ingabe ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kungaba yingozi?

Kunezifo eziningi zamagciwane ezingezona ezimbi kakhulu, noma ezingelashwa kalula ngama -antibiotic . Isibonelo, izinto ezifana ne -impetigo nama-boil. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo zamagciwane, ikakhulukazi uma zingena zijule emzimbeni, njengegazi, inhliziyo, amaphaphu, noma ubuchopho, zingaba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuzithatha kalula.

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kusakazeka kanjani?

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kungasakazeka ngezindlela eziningi. Ake sibheke ukuthi kanjani:

• Ihamba emoyeni noma emoyeni: Amabhaktheriya angasakazeka emoyeni ngezinhlayiya zothuli ezingcolisiwe, amaconsi amanzi, noma ezintweni ezifana ne-mucus noma i-sputum. Isifo se-Legionnaires , i-pertussis/whooping cough , isifo sofuba , isifo se -meningococcal , kanye ne-strep throat.Yile ndlela izinto ezinjengalezi ezisakazeka ngayo.
• Ngokuthintana: Izifo zingasakazeka ngokuthintana ngqo nesikhumba esithelelekile noma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila (njengaphakathi komphimbo), noma ngokuthinta indawo enamabhaktheriya kuyo (ukuthintana okungaqondile). Izifo zesikhumba kanye nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs) ezifana ne -gonorrhea kanye ne -chlamydia zisakazeka ngale ndlela.
• Izifo ezithwalwa yizinambuzane: Izifo ezithwalwa yizinambuzane (ezifana nomiyane, amakhizane, kanye nezimpukane) zibizwa ngokuthi i- vector-borne . Izifo ezifana ne- Rocky Mountain spotted fever , isifo se -Lyme , kanye ne-shigellosis zingenzeka ngale ndlela.
• Imoto: Lokhu akufani nokugula emotweni. Igama elithi "imoto" libhekisela esifweni esivame ukusabalala ngamanzi noma ngokudla okungcolile (okungukuthi, "imoto" ethwala lesi sifo). Amagciwane anjenge -E. coli , i-Campylobacter , ne -Salmonella angabangela izifo zamathumbu ngokudla noma ngamanzi angcolile.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lokhu kutheleleka ngamagciwane?

Empeleni, noma ubani angathola ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Sonke sibhekana nakho ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yethu. Kodwa-ke, usengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola ukutheleleka uma unalokhu okulandelayo:

• Isifo sikashukela
• Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka (isib. i-HIV/AIDS , umdlavuza , ukwelashwa komdlavuza, ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba )
• Inxeba elivulekile
• Uma usanda kuhlinzwa

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kuyithinta kanjani imizimba yethu?

Amabhaktheriya alimaza imizimba yethu ngokwanda ngokushesha noma ngokukhipha ubuthi obulimaza amangqamuzana ethu. Izifo ezithinta kuphela ubuso besikhumba sakho noma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, njengomphimbo wakho namathumbu, ngokuvamile azibi kangako.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi amagciwane angasakazeka emzimbeni wonke futhi abangele izifo ezisongela ukuphila. Ikakhulukazi uma amagciwane engena egazini, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis singavela. Lokhu kuyimpendulo enzima yomzimba ekuthelelekeni, okungalimaza izitho zomzimba futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubangele nokufa.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zokutheleleka ngamagciwane?

Izimpawu zokutheleleka ngamagciwane ziyahlukahluka, kuye ngokuthi ukutheleleka kukuphi emzimbeni. Uphawu oluyinhloko umkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwesikhumba kuvame ukubangela ukubomvu noma ubuhlungu kunomkhuhlane. Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile:

• Imfiva
• Ukuzizwa ubanda, uthuthumela
• Ukukhathala
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngendawo ethelelekile, ungase ubone nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Isikhumba: ukubomvu, amabhamuza, izilonda, isikhumba esivuvukile noma esibuhlungu.
• Umgudu wokugaya ukudla : isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza.
• Amaphaphu: Ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, i-phlegm (i-sputum) .
• I-Meningitis : Ukuqina kwentamo, isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza, ukuzwela ukukhanya, ukudideka.
• Ukusabalala kwegazi (i-Septicemia ): Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ubuthakathaka, ukujuluka ngokweqile, umfutho wegazi ophansi.
• Inhliziyo ( endocarditis ): Umkhuhlane omkhulu, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukujuluka ebusuku, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela, ubuhlungu bemisipha kanye namalunga.
• Umgudu womchamo noma izitho zangasese: Ukusha noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama, ukuphuma koketshezi oluphuma endodeni noma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, isidingo sokuchama njalo, ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi.

Yini ebangela ukutheleleka ngamagciwane?

Ukutheleleka kungabangelwa izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamagciwane. Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kuvame ukwenzeka lapho amagciwane engena emzimbeni ngomlomo, ekhaleni, emehlweni, noma ngokusikeka esikhumbeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, amagciwane avame ukuhlala esikhumbeni sethu noma ngaphakathi emzimbeni angafika ezindaweni okungafanele abe kuzo, njengesilonda, bese eqala ukwanda.

Sithola kanjani ukutheleleka ngamagciwane?

Nazi ezinye izindlela ezivamile ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okungakhula ngazo:

• Ngokuphuza ukudla okungcolile noma amanzi.
• Ukudla noma ukuphuza imikhiqizo yobisi engaphekiwe ngophethiloli .
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic - Lokhu kubulala amabhaktheriya amahle emzimbeni, okuvumela amabhaktheriya amabi ukuba akhule.
• Ngokuthinta izindawo ezingcolile.
• Kusuka kwabanye abantu (ngokukhwehlela, ukusondelana).
• Ukufutha amanzi angcolile emaphashini.
• Ngocansi ngomlomo, ngendunu, noma ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Kusukela enhlabathini engcolile (ukungcola/inhlabathi).
• Ngokulunywa yikhizane, umiyane, noma imbungulu ethelelekile.
• Ngokuhlinzwa noma inqubo yezokwelapha efana nokufakwa kwepayipi (ukubeka ipayipi emphinjeni).

Ingabe ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kuyathelelana?

Yebo, izifo eziningi zamagciwane zingasakazeka kusuka komunye umuntu ziye komunye. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-pertussis , isifo sofuba , umphimbo obuhlungu , isifo se -meningococcal , izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs) ezibangelwa amagciwane, kanye ne -MRSA . Kodwa-ke, izifo ezisakazeka ngokudla, omiyane, noma amakhizane ngokuvamile azisakazeki kusuka komunye umuntu ziye komunye.

Ukuthola kanjani ukutheleleka ngamagciwane? Wenzani udokotela?

Udokotela uxilonga ukutheleleka ngamagciwane ngokulalela izimpawu zakho, akuhlole (ukulalela inhliziyo namaphaphu akho, ukuthinta isisu sakho, nokuhlola isikhumba sakho), nokuthatha amasampula ukuze ahlole amagciwane. Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi unegciwane emaphashini akho, ebuchosheni, noma kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi, angase acele ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge -X-ray , i-ultrasound , i-MRI , noma i-CT scan ukuze abheke izimpawu zokutheleleka.

Ukuhlolwa kokutheleleka ngamagciwane

Udokotela wakho angathumela amasampula oketshezi lomzimba wakho noma izicubu elabhorethri ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini izimpawu zokutheleleka (ama-antibodies noma ama-antigen ). Ilabhorethri

• ingazama
• nokukhulisa
• amabhaktheriya

avela kumasampula akho ( isiko). Nazi izinhlobo zamasampula abangazithatha: Isikhumba noma ezinye izicubu ezinegciwane I-Blood Sputum Uketshezi

oluzungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla (

i-CNS fluid )

Umchamo

Ukukhishelwa kwamehlo Indle

Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zelashwa

kanjani

? Akuzona zonke izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezidinga ukwelashwa - ezinye ziba ngcono ngokwazo. Kodwa uma kudingeka ukwelashwa, odokotela bazosebenzisa ama-antibiotic. Kuye ngokuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kukuphi nokuthi kuyingozi kangakanani, ama-antibiotic anganikezwa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

• Imithi yomlomo

Ingabe kukhona izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi ye-

IV (efakwa nge-intravenous, enikezwa ngqo emthanjeni ehhovisi likadokotela noma esibhedlela)

Amaconsi

amazinyo noma ukhilimu

? Ngezinye izikhathi, amanye ama-antibiotic ayayeka ukusebenza, okusho ukuthi awakwazi ukubulala amagciwane noma ukuwavimba ekukhuleni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukumelana namagciwane . Yingakho odokotela beqaphela kakhulu ukuthi banikeza nini futhi kanjani ama-antibiotic. Bawanikeza kuphela uma becabanga ukuthi azokusiza.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza noma yimuphi umuthi owunikezwe wona, njengoba nje uyalelwe, isikhathi sonke. Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono kancane . Uma uyeka, ungase ungawasusi wonke amabhaktheriya.

Ungazivikela kanjani ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane?

Nazi ezinye izindlela onganciphisa ngazo ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane:

• Goma: Kunemigomo yezifo eziningi zamagciwane. Isibonelo

, i-Tetanus , ukukhwehlela okubi , i-Diphtheria.Kukhona nemithi yokugomela ezinye izinhlobo ze-meningitis ( i-Neisseria meningitides ), i-pneumonia ( i-Streptococcus pneumoniae, i-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b ), kanye namagciwane athwala igazi.

Hlakulela inhlanzeko enhle: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugeza izandla zakho njalo, ukugqoka izingubo ezihlanzekile nezomile, nokungabelani ngezinto zakho (njengethawula nama-razor) nabanye.

Gcina amanxeba ehlanzekile: Ukusikeka kanye nokuklwebheka esikhumbeni kungangenisa amabhaktheriya emzimbeni. Ngakho gcina amanxeba ehlanzekile futhi emboziwe.

Hlakulela imikhuba yokudla ephephile: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugcina ukudla kahle, ukupheka inyama nenhlanzi kuze kufike ezingeni lokushisa elibulala amabhaktheriya, kanye nokugeza noma ukuhlubula izithelo nemifino ngaphambi kokudla.

Sebenzisa ikhondomu noma idamu lamazinyo nganoma yiluphi uhlobo locansi .

Zivikele ekulunyweni yizinambuzane: Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, sebenzisa i-bug spray, bese uzihlola wena nezilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi azinawo yini amakhizane ngemva kokuba ngaphandle.

Kwenzekani uma uthola ukutheleleka ngamagciwane? Yini ongayilindela?

Okwenzeka kuwe kuncike ohlotsheni lokutheleleka ngamagciwane onalo. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okuncane kungelashwa ekhaya ngemithi yasekhaya. Kodwa okunye kungadinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela kanye nomonakalo wesikhathi eside. Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane esithweni noma egazini kungaba yingozi empilweni.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokutheleleka ngamagciwane?

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane emzimbeni kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Inkinga eyingozi kakhulu yi -sepsis . Lokhu kuyindlela esongela impilo yokutheleleka. Kungalimaza izitho zomzimba futhi kubangele nokufa. Ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngakho.

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Uma unikezwe

ama

-antibiotic okutheleleka ngamagciwane , kuzodingeka uwathathe isonto noma amabili. Kodwa ungase uzizwe ungcono ngaphambi kwalokho. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha yonke imithi oyinikeziwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungase ungawasusi wonke amabhaktheriya, futhi ukutheleleka kungase kubuye. Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kokutheleleka ngamagciwane? Ama-antibiotic avame ukwelapha ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Ngezinye izikhathi ayalulama ewodwa, noma angelapheka ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, kungcono njalo ukubona udokotela bese uthola indlela engcono kakhulu yokuwelapha.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka ngamagciwane, ikakhulukazi uma zihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili noma ezintathu, bona udokotela.Futhi, uma welashwa ukutheleleka, kodwa izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki, noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho futhi.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka okukhulu, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze noma ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Qaphela izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (uma umkhuhlane ungaphezu kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-103 noma ama-degrees Celsius angu-39.4)
• Ukudideka noma ezinye izinguquko zengqondo
• Izimpawu ze-meningitis ( ikhanda elibuhlungu , isicanucanu, ukuhlanza) kanye nentamo eqinile
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Kungaba kuhle uma ungabuza le mibuzo uma uya kudokotela:

• Yini eyabangela lokhu? Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivimbele lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki futhi?
• Ngingakuvimbela kanjani lokhu ukuthi kungasabalali kwabanye?
• Kufanele ngiyisebenzise kanjani imithi yami?
• Kuzongithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ngilulame?
• Kufanele ngiphinde ngikubone nini futhi?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngiphathe izimpawu zami ekhaya?

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane namuhla. Khumbula, amagciwane akhona yonke indawo, futhi amaningi awo ayasisiza. Kodwa, uma esezindaweni okungafanele abe kuzo, angadala umonakalo omkhulu.

Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yisiphazamiso esincane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke, kuhlale kuwukuhlakanipha ukubonisana nodokotela futhi ufunde indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha lesi simo.

Okunye, uma udokotela ekunika imithi elwa namagciwane, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha yonke imithi kadokotela, isikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ungayeki phakathi nendawo. Singazivikela futhi ezifweni ezinjalo ngezinga elikhulu ngokwenza inhlanzeko enhle, ukugonywa, kanye nemikhuba yokudla ephephile. Qaphela! Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, amagciwane, izifo, imithi elwa namagciwane, izimpawu, impilo, iseluleko sezokwelapha