Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho unikeze lo muthi ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwamagciwane wena noma ingane yakho enakho. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi "umuthi we-sulfur" ngabantu abaningi ezweni lakithi. Igama lezokwelapha lalo muthi yi-Sulfamethoxazole; i-Trimethoprim. Nakuba lo muthi uwusizo kakhulu, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka siziqaphele kakhulu lapho siwusebenzisa. Ngakho-ke, ake sifunde ngawo namuhla.
Luhlobo luni lomuthi lolu?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyi-antibiotic ebulala izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Okusho ukuthi, ilwa namagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu futhi abangele izifo, imise ukukhula kwawo, futhi isisize silulame.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lo muthi usebenza kuphela ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane. Awulaphi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njengomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwusebenzisa kuphela uma unqunywe udokotela, futhi njengoba kuqondiswe.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala imithi
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusebenzisa lo muthi, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:
| Isimo sempilo noma umkhuba | Kungani kufanele unikeze ulwazi? |
|---|---|
| Ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD | Abantu abanalesi simo basengozini yokuqhuma kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngenxa yemithi. |
| I-HIV noma i-AIDS | Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka banamathuba amaningi okuba nemiphumela emibi. |
| Isifo sezinso noma sesibindi | Umthamo kungadingeka ulungiswe ngoba umuthi ungase kube nzima ukuwususa emzimbeni. |
| Ukwehla kwama-platelet noma amaseli abomvu egazi | Lomuthi ungenza lezi zimo zibe zimbi kakhulu. |
| Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo noma isifo se-thyroid | Ukusebenza kahle komuthi kungathinteka. |
| Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma ungumama oncelisayo | Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kulezi zimo njengoba lo muthi ungathinta ingane. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba nemithi yesibabule noma eminye imithi noma ukudla | Lokhu kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba. |
Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani ngempela le mithi?
Njengoba lokhu kuza ngesimo sokumiswa, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzazi ngaphambi kokukusebenzisa.
- Shukumisa kahle: Shukumisa ibhodlela kahle njalo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umuthi. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi izithako zomuthi zixubene kahle futhi uthola umthamo oqondile owudingayo.
- Sebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa efanele: Udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi uzokunika isirinji ekhethekile yomlomo, isipuni sokulinganisa, noma idropha ukuze uthathe lo muthi. Ungalokothi ulinganise umuthi wakho ngezipuni zasekhaya noma izipuni. Kungenzeka ukuthi azilingani kahle, okungabangela umthamo ongalungile.
- Yithathe ngesikhathi: Thatha umuthi ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe kanye nezikhawu ezinqunyiwe njengoba kunqunywe udokotela.
- Qedela idosi yonke: Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono, ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi ngaphambi kwenani lezinsuku udokotela wakho akunike zona. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi ukutheleleka kubuye ngaphambi kokuba kwelapheke ngokuphelele. Kungaholela nasekukhuleni kwamagciwane amelana nemithi.
Uma kunikezwa izingane ezincane
Lo muthi ngezinye izikhathi unikezwa izingane ezingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili ubudala. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho kuphela okufanele anqume ngalokhu. Uma uwunika ingane yakho, qaphela kakhulu umthamo kanye nemiphumela emibi.
Ukweqisa umthamo
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe umthamo ongaphezu kobekiwe, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?
Uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ubuyisele umthamo ophuthelwe.
Ingabe ikhona eminye imithi engahambisani nalo muthi?
Yebo. Eminye imithi ingase ihlangane nalo muthi. Ngakho-ke, tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi). Qaphela kakhulu uma uthatha imithi elandelayo:
- I-Dofetilide: Lo muthi uphambene ngokuphelele ne-Sulfamethoxazole; i-Trimethoprim.
- Eminye imithi: Eminye imithi esetshenziselwa isifo sikashukela (isib. i-glipizide), imithi esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi (isib. i-warfarin), imithi esetshenziselwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma isifo senhliziyo, kanye nemithi esetshenziselwa isifo sokuwa njenge-Phenytoin, i-Methotrexate, ne-Cyclosporine ingase ihlangane nalo muthi.
Amaphuzu akhethekile okufanele uwaqaphele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Izinguquko zesikhumba: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Lo muthi ngezinye izikhathi ungabangela ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba. Uma uba nokuqubuka okubomvu noma okunsomi emzimbeni wakho kanye nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, noma amabhamuza, noma uma uzizwa sengathi isikhumba sakho siyaxebuka, noma uma ubona ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, izindebe, noma ama-lymph node avuvukele entanyeni noma emakhwapheni akho, yeka ukuthatha umuthi ngokushesha bese ubona udokotela wakho.
- Zivikele elangeni: Isikhumba sakho singase sizwele kakhulu elangeni (photosensitivity) ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Ngakho-ke, gwema ukuchayeka elangeni ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma uphuma, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho kahle bese usebenzisa umuthi omuhle wokuvikela ilanga.
- Uhudo: Uma uhudo luba khona ngenkathi uthatha imithi, uma luhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili, noma uma uhudo lumanzi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho. Ungathengi imithi ekhemisi wena.
- Impilo Yomlomo: Izinsini zakho zingase zophe kakhulu uma uxubha noma ufaka i-floss yamazinyo akho. Ngakho-ke xubha amazinyo akho ngokucophelela. Uma uphathwa noma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwamazinyo, tshela udokotela wamazinyo ukuthi uthatha lo muthi.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba yingozi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imiphumela emibi ingaba khona. Qaphela kakhulu leyo esetafuleni elingezansi.
| Imiphumela emibi edinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, nobunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba | Ukubomvu kwesikhumba, ukuqubuka, ukuxebuka (ngisho nangaphakathi emlonyeni). |
| Ukulimala kwesibindi | Ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, umchamo omnyama. |
| Imiphumela kumaseli egazi (i-Aplastic anemia) | Ukukhathala okungajwayelekile, isiyezi, ukuphaphatheka, ukudumba, umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu. |
| Ushukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia) | Ukuthuthumela, ukujuluka, ukungahlaliseki, isiyezi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. |
| Okunye | Ukukhwehlela okomile, ubunzima bokuphefumula, umkhuhlane kanye nesifo sohudo esikhulu. |
| Izinto ezingavamile ukuba zimbi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele zibikwe kudokotela uma ziqhubeka | |
| Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla | Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lona umuthi wezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kuphela. Ungalokothi uwusebenzise ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha umuthi, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo, eminye imithi oyithathayo, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho.
- Thatha umthamo onqunyiwe, ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, usebenzisa idivayisi yokulinganisa enqunyiwe. Qedela inkambo yemithi enqunyiwe izinsuku ezinqunyiwe, noma ngabe uzizwa ungaguli kakhulu.
- Uma ubona noma yini efana nokucasuka kwesikhumba, ukuqubuka kwamaqhubu, noma ukuxebuka kwesikhumba kanye nomkhuhlane, kungaba yisimo esibi kakhulu. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Qaphela ilanga lapho uthatha umuthi.
- Gcina umuthi endaweni epholile, eyomile, kude nezingane, kude nokukhanya. Lahla umuthi ophelelwe yisikhathi.
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