Ingabe ingane yakho ishintsha ngokuzumayo ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Kungaba yi-Tetralogy of Fallot.

Wake wesaba yini lapho ingane yakho iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuzumayo? Noma ingabe inenkinga yokuphefumula ngenkathi incelisa, ikhala, noma iphenduka? Kuvamile ukuthi noma yimuphi umama noma ubaba esaba lapho ebona izinto ezinjengalezi. Namuhla sikhuluma nge -Tetralogy of Fallot , isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso esingabangela izimpawu ezinjengalezi. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ake silichaze kalula.

Iyini ngempela i-Tetralogy of Fallot?

Kalula nje, i-Tetralogy of Fallot iyinhlanganisela yeziphambeko ezine zenhliziyo ezikhona lapho kuzalwa. Ibizwa nangokuthi isimo senhliziyo esizalwa naso. Kuyinkinga eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwenhliziyo ngenkathi umntwana ekhula esibelethweni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi igazi elinomoya-mpilo (igazi elibomvu) lihlangane negazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo (igazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Leli gazi elixubile libe seliphampa yinhliziyo liye emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalokho, izitho zomzimba azitholi umoya-mpilo owanele. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-hypoxemia . Ukuze sikuqonde kangcono lokhu, ake sibheke ukuthi inhliziyo enempilo isebenza kanjani.

Indlela inhliziyo enempilo esebenza ngayo

Cabanga nje ukuthi inhliziyo yethu ifana nendlu enamakamelo amane. Kunamakamelo amabili esitezi esiphezulu (i-atria) namakamelo amabili amakhulu esitezi esingezansi (ama-ventricle). Kunama-valve phakathi kwala makamelo, njengeminyango. Izinhlangothi zesokudla nesobunxele zenhliziyo zihlukaniswe udonga (i-septum). 1. Uhlangothi lwesokudla: Igazi lomzimba eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elingenawo umoya-mpilo, lingena ku-atrium yesokudla nge-vena cava ephezulu kanye ne-vena cava ephansi. 2. Ukusuka lapho, igazi lidlula nge-valve (i-tricuspid valve) liye ku-ventricle yesokudla. 3. Ukusuka ku-ventricle yesokudla, leli gazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka liphonswa ngelinye i-valve (i-pulmonic valve) liye emthanjeni oyinhloko (umthambo we-pulmonary) oya emaphashini. 4. Ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu: Leli gazi lisanda kufakwa umoya-mpilo, libe yigazi elibomvu elimsulwa. 5. Uhlangothi lwesobunxele: Leli gazi elibomvu elicebile ngomoya-mpilo libuyela ku-atrium yesokudla yenhliziyo. 6. Ukusuka lapho, lidlula nge-valve (i-mitral valve) liye ku-ventricle yesokudla. 7. Ekugcineni, leli gazi elibomvu elihlanzekile elivela e-ventricle yesobunxele lidonswa ngemithambo emikhulu yomzimba (i-aorta) liye emzimbeni wonke. Lena yindlela izitho zethu ezithola ngayo umoya-mpilo eziwudingayo ukuze ziphile.

Amaphutha amane ayenzeka ku-Tetralogy of Fallot ("Tetralogy")

Enhliziyweni yomntwana one-Tetralogy of Fallot, kunezinkinga ezine eziyinhloko ezishintsha inqubo evamile esixoxe ngayo.

Yini ebangela lesi simo?

Imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayaziwa okwamanje. Kuyiphutha elivela lapho izingxenye zenhliziyo zakheka ekuqaleni kokukhula komntwana esibelethweni. Akulona iphutha lakho, futhi akuyona into oyenzile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngakho ungazizwa unecala ngakho.

Ingabe ingane yakho nayo inalezi zimpawu?

Iningi lezingane ezine-Tetralogy of Fallot libonisa izimpawu zingakapheli unyaka wokuqala wokuphila.

• Ubuluhlaza Okwesibhakabhaka (i-Cyanosis):Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko. Izindebe zomntwana, ulimi, isikhumba, kanye nezinzipho kuba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi.
• "Iziphonso ze-Tet / Hypercyanosis": Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma umntwana ekhala, ephuza ubisi, ezama ukuya endlini yangasese, noma evuka ekuseni, angase ashintshe umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuzumayo, abe nobunzima bokuphefumula, futhi angahlaliseki. Ngezinye izikhathi angase alahlekelwe ngisho nokuzwa. Lesi simo singahlala kusukela emizuzwini embalwa kuya emahoreni amaningana.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula : Ingane isheshe ikhathale bese ilala ngemva kokugijima idlala isikhashana.
• Ukuquleka: Uma ingane encane ikhathele ukudlala, izohlala phansi ngokuzumayo amadolo ayo edonswe esifubeni sayo (ukuquleka). Lokhu kwandisa igazi eliya emaphashini ayo ngokungazi, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula .
• Ukwehluleka kokukhula: Ukukhula kwesisindo somntwana, ukukhula, kanye nokukhula kwakhe kungase kube kancane kunezinye izingane.

Kufanele ufune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha?

Ungaphuthelwa ukuya emtholampilo wenyanga wengane yakho. Udokotela angathola lezi zimo lapho ehlola ingane yakho. Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

• Uma isikhumba nezindebe zomntwana ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula .
• Uma ukhathele ngenkathi uncelisa noma ukhala.
• Uma uzizwa sengathi ukukhula kwakho kuyehla.

Uma kwenzeka lezi zimo eziphuthumayo ezilandelayo, myise ngokushesha esibhedlela esiseduze noMnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU):

• Isipelingi se-Tet
• Kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumula.
• Ukuquleka
• Ukuquleka
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile noma ubuthakathaka

Sitholakala kanjani lesi sifo? (Ukuhlolwa Nokuxilongwa)

Udokotela wakho uzohlola ingane, alalele ukushaya kwenhliziyo, futhi uma kukhona ukungabaza, akuthumelele ukuhlolwa okuningana.

• I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kubheka ukuma kwenhliziyo. Ku-Tetralogy of Fallot, inhliziyo ingase ibonakale "injengesicathulo" ngoba i-ventricle yesokudla ikhulisiwe.
• I-Electrocardiogram ( ECG ): Ukuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu okulinganisa ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo.
• I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo):Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu nokunembile. Kufana nokuskena. Kungabona ngokucacile konke okusenhliziyweni, njengezindawo zokuhlola, ama-valve, imigodi ( VSD ), kanye nokuncipha (PS).
• Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo: Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kulinganiswe umfutho wenhliziyo kanye namazinga omoya-mpilo, kanye nokubheka kahle isakhiwo semithambo. Kulesi sivivinyo, ithubhu elincane lidluliselwa ngemithambo esesinqeni liye enhliziyweni.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ukwelashwa okuwukuphela kwaphakade kwe-Tetralogy of Fallot ukuhlinzwa .

Wenzani uma uthola "i-Tet Spell"?

Uma ingane yakho iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuzumayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uzolile . 1. Beka ingane ngomhlane, amadolo ayo adonswe esifubeni (ukuma kusukela emadolweni kuya esifubeni) . 2. Yisa ingane esibhedlela ngokushesha. Esibhedlela, ingane izonikezwa umoya-mpilo kanye nemithi efana ne-propranolol ukulawula "i-tet spells".

Ukuhlinzwa

Isikhathi sokuhlinzwa sincike ebunzimeni bezimpawu zomntwana. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuqala yokuphila.

• Ukuhlinzwa Kokuhlinza Okudambisa Ubuhlungu (i-Blalock-Taussig shunt): Ezinye izingane zincane kakhulu noma zibuthakathaka futhi zingase zingakwazi ukumelana nokuhlinzwa okuphelele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuhlanganiswa ipayipi elincane phakathi komthambo emzimbeni nomthambo emaphashini ukuze kwandiswe inani legazi eliya emaphashini. Lokhu kungasiza ingane ukuba ibe nkulu futhi ibe namandla.
• Ukuhlinzwa Okuphelele Kokulungisa: Kulokhu, imbobo enhliziyweni (VSD) ivalwa nge-patch, bese indlela encane eya emaphashini (PS) ivuleka. Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.

Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha namuhla, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuphumelele kakhulu.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa...

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuphumelelayo, izingane eziningi zingaphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kwezimpawu noma imikhawulo. Zingaya esikoleni, zidlale, zisebenze esikhathini esizayo, futhi zishade. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukuba nokuhlolwa njalo nodokotela kukho konke ukuphila kwazo. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinguquko zesigqi senhliziyo (ama-arrhythmia) zingenzeka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba nokuhlolwa njalo. i-tetralogy ye-fallot, isifo senhliziyo, izingane, i-blue baby, i-cyanosis, i-tet spells, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzelwe nakho, umgodi enhliziyweni, i-VSD