Ingabe usenezinkinga ngemva kokusinda ekuguleni? Ake sifunde ngegciwane i-Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)!

Uyakhumbula ngesikhathi useyingane, lapho wawune-chickenpox kanye nesikhumba esilumayo, esiqhumayo emzimbeni wakho wonke? Abantu abaningi bake baba nalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ngemva kokuba i-chickenpox isipholile, igciwane eliyibangele lingahlala lifihliwe emizimbeni yethu futhi libuye eminyakeni eminingi kamuva libangele ezinye izifo? Lelo gciwane yi-varicella-zoster virus, noma ``(VZV)`` ngamafuphi. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngaleli gciwane, izifo elizibangelayo, nokuthi singazivikela kanjani.

Iyini le Varicella-Zoster Virus?

Kalula nje, igciwane le-varicella-zoster uhlobo lwegciwane elivela emndenini we-herpes wamagciwane. Yilokhu okubangela i-chickenpox. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi yigciwane elifanayo kamuva elibangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-herpes zoster, noma "ama-shingles" njengoba abantu abaningi besibiza kanjalo.

Cabanga nje, ngemva kokuba sesithole i-chickenpox futhi sesilulame, leli gciwane alinyamalali ngokuphelele emzimbeni. Lingena ngokucophelela kakhulu emangqamuzaneni ethu ezinzwa bese lilala lapho isikhashana ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi lapho amasosha omzimba wethu ephansi, leli gciwane elilele liyavuka futhi. Yilapho kuvela khona ezinye izimpawu ezifana ne-shingles okukhulunywe ngazo ekuqaleni. Ngamanye amazwi, lokhu kuyingozi yokuthi umuntu owayene-chickenpox eseyingane athole i-shingles esemdala.

Yiziphi izifo ezibangelwa yileli gciwane?

Uma igciwane le-varicella-zoster lingena emizimbeni yethu, lingabangela izifo ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi eziyinhloko:

• I-Chickenpox (Varicella): Lesi yisifo esenzeka lapho igciwane lingena emzimbeni okokuqala. Ngakho-ke yilokhu okubangela i-chickenpox esiyaziyo sonke.
• Ama-shingles (i-Herpes Zoster): Lokhu kungenzeka eminyakeni eminingi, ngisho namashumi eminyaka, ngemva kwe-chickenpox. Kubonakala ngezilonda zesikhumba eziqhumayo emithanjeni, ezihambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu.
• I-Meningitis, i-Encephalitis, kanye ne-Meningoencephalitis: Lezi yizimo ezibucayi kakhulu. Lokhu kungenzeka uma igciwane liphinde livuselele futhi lithelele ubuchopho noma ulwelwesi olumboze ubuchopho ngemva kokuba i-chickenpox isipholile.
• I-Herpes zoster ophthalmicus: Ebizwa nangokuthi "i-eye shingles," lokhu kuwukuvuselelwa kabusha kwegciwane le-VZV elizungeze amehlo kanye nebunzi. Kungathinta nokubona.
• I-Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (i-Herpes zoster oticus): Lesi yisimo lapho igciwane le-VZV lithinta khona imizwa ebusweni, okubangela ukukhubazeka kobuso kolunye uhlangothi lobuso. Kungase kuhambisane nobuhlungu bendlebe.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi igciwane le-varicella-zoster lithinta kuphi emzimbeni. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile:

• Imfiva.
• Ukuqubuka okunama-blister agcwele amanzi (ku-chickenpox, umzimba wonke, kuma-shingles, ngokuvamile ku-strip eyodwa emzimbeni).
• Ubuhlungu obuhambisana nokuqubuka kwesikhumba (ikakhulukazi nge-shingles).
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
• Ukubomvu nokuvuvukala kwamehlo (ikakhulukazi kuma-shingles aso).
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya (amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) (i-Photophobia)
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso kolunye uhlangothi lobuso (i-Ramsay-Hunt syndrome).
• Ubuhlungu bendlebe.
• Ubuhlungu bamazinyo (ngezinye izikhathi bubangelwa yizinzwa zobuso).

Kwenzekani uma igciwane le-varicella-zoster lingena emzimbeni?

Ake sibone ukuthi leli gciwane lisebenza kanjani emizimbeni yethu.

Okokuqala, lapho siqala ukuthola igciwane le-varicella-zoster (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukutheleleka okuyinhloko), okuyilapho siqala khona ukuthola i-chickenpox, igciwane livame ukungena emgudwini wethu wokuphefumula kuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho, igciwane lingena ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic, lisakazeke emzimbeni wonke, futhi libangele izilonda ezilumayo neziqhumayo (i-chickenpox).

Ngemva kokuba i-chickenpox isipholile, igciwane le-VZV lihamba ngemithambo yethu futhi lilale e-dorsal root ganglia emgogodleni, lingabangeli zimpawu. Kwabanye abantu, igciwane lingaphinde livuke. Yilapho kuvela khona izimpawu ezifana nokuqubuka, ubuhlungu obuhambisana nokuvuvukala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuvela ukungakhululeki kobuso, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, kanye nobuhlungu bendlebe.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi leli gciwane lingasebenza izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa empilweni.

Leli gciwane livame ukuphinda livuke uma amasosha ethu omzimba ebuthaka . Isibonelo:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.
• Abantu abasebenzisa imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba.
• Abantu abanezimo ezenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka (isib. ukutheleleka nge-HIV, umdlavuza).
• Abantu abahlushwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu.

Igciwane licasha kuphi emzimbeni?

Uma ingasebenzi, igciwane le-varicella-zoster lihlala ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa. Ngokukhethekile, litholakala kakhulu ku-"dorsal ganglia" eshiwo ngenhla emgogodleni. Kodwa-ke, leli gciwane lingatholakala naku-"trigeminal nerve", inzwa edlula ebusweni bethu.

Leli gciwane lisithelela kanjani?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi lokhu futhi.

• Kumuntu one-chickenpox (ukutheleleka okuyinhloko): Igciwane lingasakazeka ngokukhwehlela, ukuthimula, kanye nokuxhumana ngqo namaconsi.
• Kumuntu one-shingles (ukuvuselelwa kwegciwane): Ama-shingles angasakazeka ngokuxhumana ngqo nezilonda futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngezinhlayiya zamagciwane ezikhishwa emoyeni zivela ezilondeni.

Nansi into ebalulekile: Ama-shingle awakwazi ukusabalala kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye. Kodwa-ke, umuntu one-shingles angathola i-chickenpox kumuntu ongakaze abe ne-chickenpox ngaphambili futhi ongakaze agonywe i-chickenpox! Uyaqonda?

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga ukutheleleka kwe-varicella-zoster ngokubheka izimpawu zakho kanye nezilonda esikhumbeni sakho. I-chickenpox kulula ukuyibona. Ama-shingles kulula nokuwabona ngephethini yezilonda kanye nobuhlungu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngokuqinisekile, isampula yoketshezi noma isampula yezicubu ezivela ezilondeni ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe igciwane.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi banikeza imithi yokulwa namagciwane yokwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-varicella-zoster. Lokhu kusebenza ngokulawula ikhono legciwane lokwanda emzimbeni, ukunciphisa izimpawu, nokukusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha. Eminye yemithi evame kakhulu yile:

• I-Acyclovir (i-Zovirax®)
• I-Famciclovir (Famvir®)
• I-Valacyclovir (i-Valtrex®)

Le mithi kufanele iqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu. Yilapho uzothola khona imiphumela eminingi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho usola ukuthi une-chickenpox noma i-shingles.

Ingabe igciwane le-varicella-zoster liyanyamalala ngokuphelele emzimbeni?

Cha. Uma usuthole igciwane le-varicella-zoster, lihlala emangqamuzaneni akho emizwa impilo yonke. Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okungaqeda ngokuphelele igciwane le-VZV emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Kunemithi yokugoma engasiza ekuvimbeleni igciwane ukuthi liphinde lisebenze.

Yiziphi izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu zokuya kudokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-chickenpox, noma uma unezimpawu ze-shingles (ikakhulukazi ama-blisters anezinhlungu ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba) , qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Angakweluleka ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani ukusabalalisa igciwane kwabanye.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kutheleleka kungaba kubi kakhulu. Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze (ER) ngokushesha:

• Ukudideka noma ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Umkhuhlane onganciphi.
• Ukubona ukulimala noma umonakalo emehlweni.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Intamo eqinile.
• Ubunzima bokuvuka ebuthongweni.

Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kukhulu futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kuthinte ubuchopho noma ezinye izitho ezibalulekile. Ngakho-ke ungalibali.

Ingabe lokhu kutheleleka ngegciwane kungavinjelwa?

Yebo! Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-varicella-zoster ukugoma .

• Vimbela i-chickenpox: Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-chickenpox kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola i-chickenpox. Lokhu kufakiwe ohlelweni lokugomela lukazwelonke lwezwe lethu.
• Vimbela ama-shingles: Uma uke waba ne-chickenpox ngaphambili, ungathola umuthi wokugomela ama-shingles ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuthola ama-shingles. Lokhu kuvame ukunconywa kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50.

Uma une-chickenpox, gwema ukuxhumana nabanye abantu kuze kube yilapho izilonda sezipholile ngokuphelele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala kude nabesifazane abakhulelwe, izingane ezincane, kanye nabantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka. Uma une-shingles, gcina izilonda zimboziwe. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni igciwane ukuthi lingasabalali kwabanye, ikakhulukazi labo abangenayo i-chickenpox. Qaphela kakhulu izingane kanye nabantu abadala abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka ezindaweni ezifana nezikole nezikhungo zokunakekela izingane.

Ingabe i-varicella-zoster iyafana ne-chickenpox noma i-shingles?

Ake ngichaze kancane lapha. I-Varicella-Zoster yigama legciwane.

• I-chickenpox yisifo esenzeka lapho igciwane le-VZV liqala ukungena emzimbeni.
• Ama-shingles (futhi akuvamile ukuba nezinye izifo ezifana ne-meningitis) yisifo esenzeka lapho igciwane elifanayo liphinde livuke emzimbeni kamuva.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Herpes Zoster ne-Varicella-Zoster Virus?

Lokhu futhi kuyinto abantu abaningi abayididayo. I-Herpes Zoster elinye igama le-Shingles. Ngakho-ke, ukutheleleka okubangelwa ukuvuselelwa kwegciwane le-varicella-zoster kubizwa nangokuthi i-herpes zoster. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zombili zibhekisela esimweni esifanayo, esinye yigciwane (VZV), kanti esinye yisifo esibangelwa yilo (Shingles/Herpes Zoster).

Ngakho-ke, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, kusukela kulo lonke leli nkulumo, ungakhumbula izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile.

Ngaphezu kwesifo esicasulayo kakhulu se-chickenpox ebuntwaneni, igciwane le-varicella-zoster lingahlala emizimbeni yethu impilo yonke futhi libangele ubuhlungu obukhulu bemizwa kanye nezinye izinkinga kamuva ekuphileni.

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Nokho, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, ngenxa yemigomo ephumelelayo, abantu abaningi ngeke babhekane nalezi zifo ze-VZV.

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Ngisho nakulabo abake baba ne-chickenpox esikhathini esidlule, ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-shingles kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthi igciwane le-varicella-zoster liphinde libangele inkinga.

Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho mayelana nokutheleleka kwe-varicella-zoster kwakho nokwengane yakho kanye nengozi yokuthi kuphinde kusebenze. Uzokuchazela izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuzivikela ezifweni ezinkulu, manje nasesikhathini esizayo. Hlala uphilile!

Igciwane le - Varicella-zoster, i-VZV, i-chickenpox, i-chickenpox, i-herpes zoster, ama-shingles, ukutheleleka ngegciwane