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Ingabe othandekayo wakho unenkinga yokusebenza ngokuzimela? Ake sixoxe ngama-ADL (Imisebenzi Yokuphila Kwansuku Zonke - ama-ADL)

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📅 Updated: Jul 16, 2026 • ⏱ 5 min read • Inqubomgomo yokuhlela
Ingabe othandekayo wakho unenkinga yokusebenza ngokuzimela? Ake sixoxe ngama-ADL (Imisebenzi Yokuphila Kwansuku Zonke - ama-ADL)
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Ukuguga kuyinto okufanele sonke sibhekane nayo. Njengoba sikhula, kuvamile ukuthi izinto ezazilula ukuzenza zibe nzima kancane. Mhlawumbe umama, ubaba, ugogo, noma umkhulu wakho banenkinga yokuvuka embhedeni, ukugqoka, noma ngisho nokudla ukudla bodwa. Lokhu kungabangelwa hhayi nje ukuguga, kodwa futhi nokugula, ingozi, noma ukukhubazeka. Ngakho-ke, sinquma kanjani ukuthi lungakanani usizo umuntu onjengalona aludingayo? Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngendlela odokotela abayisebenzisayo ukulinganisa lesi simo.
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Kuyini i-ADL ne-IADL?

Ekuqaleni lawa angase abonakale njengeqoqo lamagama eliyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa empeleni alula kakhulu. I-ADL imele ' Imisebenzi Yokuphila Kwansuku Zonke'. Kalula nje, ama-ADL yizinto eziyisisekelo okudingeka sizenze ukuze siphile ngokuzimela nsuku zonke. Ukuze sibe neqiniso, lawa amakhono ayisisekelo esiwadingayo ukuze sinakekele imizimba yethu futhi sizinakekele. Ama-IADL amele 'Imisebenzi Yezinsimbi Yokuphila Kwansuku Zonke' . Lawa ayinkimbinkimbi kancane kune-ADL. Yimisebenzi esezingeni eliphezulu edingekayo ukuze siphile ngokuzimela emphakathini. Ukuze siqonde ngokucacile umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili, ake sibheke leli thebula.
Imisebenzi Eyisisekelo Yansuku Zonke (Ama-ADL Ayisisekelo) Imisebenzi Yansuku Zonke Esizayo (ama-IADL)
Lezi yizinto eziyisisekelo kakhulu ezihlobene nokunakekela umzimba wakho. Lena imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu edingekayo ukuze umuntu aphile ngokuzimela.
  • Ukuhamba nokunyakaza: ukuhamba, ukuhlala, ukuma, ukuya embhedeni nokuvuka embhedeni.
  • Ukuhlanzeka komuntu siqu: ukuxubha amazinyo , ukugeza, ukushefa , ukukama izinwele, ukusika izinzipho .
  • Ukuzihlanza: Ukukwazi ukuya endlini yangasese wedwa nokuzihlanza.
  • Ukugqoka: Ukugqoka wedwa ngezinkinobho nama-zipper.
  • Ukudla: Ukudla wedwa usebenzisa izitsha.
  • Ukuphathwa kwemali: ukukhokha izikweletu, ukubhanga, izindleko zokuhlela .
  • Ukuphathwa kwezempilo: ukuvakashela udokotela, ukuthatha imithi njengoba uyalelwe.
  • Ukuthenga: Ukuthenga izinto ezidingekayo njengokudla, iziphuzo, nezingubo.
  • Ukulungiselela ukudla: Ukupheka ukudla okufunayo.
  • Ezokuthutha: Ukushayela imoto, ukugibela ibhasi, noma ukusebenzisa itekisi.
  • Ukuxhumana: Ukusebenzisa ucingo, i-imeyili, njll.
  • Umsebenzi wasekhaya: ukuhlanza indlu, ukuwasha izingubo, ukuhlanza ingadi.
Kalula nje, uma umuntu ekwazi ukwenza ama-ADL, kusho ukuthi angakwazi ukunakekela umzimba wakhe. Uma ekwazi nokwenza ama-IADL, kusho ukuthi angaphila eyedwa ngokuphelele futhi eyedwa.

Odokotela balilinganisa kanjani leli khono?

Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi umuntu uzimele kangakanani nokuthi hlobo luni losizo aludingayo, odokotela basebenzisa izindlela eziningana zokuhlola ezithile. Lezi zilinganisa izinga umuntu angenza ngalo i-ADL kanye ne-IADL okukhulunywe ngayo eyedwa esebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlola amaphuzu. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuthi isiguli singaphila ngokuzimela yini ngaphandle kokulimala. Izindlela ezahlukene zisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke kulokhu. Ezinye zazo yilezi:
  • I-Katz Index: Lolu uhlu lokuhlola olulula olusetshenziselwa ukukala amakhono ayisisekelo e-ADL kubantu abadala.
  • Isikali sikaLawton-Brody: Lokhu kulinganisa kakhulu i-IADL, okungukuthi, ikhono lokwenza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi.
  • I-Barthel Index: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukukala ukuzimela kweziguli , ikakhulukazi lezo ezike zabhekana nezimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi .
  • Isikali saseCleveland: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinga lokuzimela kwabantu abanesifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo noma isifo i-Alzheimer 's.
Ngokusekelwe kumaphuzu avela kulezi zivivinyo, isithombe esicacile sokuthi umuntu udinga usizo olungakanani.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokwazi izinga le-ADL?

Ukuhlola amazinga e-ADL kanye ne-IADL yomuntu ngale ndlela kunezinzuzo eziningana: 1. Ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokunakekelwa olunembile:Uma leli zinga selaziwa, odokotela, odokotela be-physiotherapists kanye namalungu omndeni bangahlela ngqo ukuthi yiluphi usizo umuntu aludingayo. Isibonelo, kumuntu onenkinga yokuhamba, bangancoma ukuzivocavoca ukuze banciphise ukuwa. 2. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha: Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umuntu angaphila ephephile yini eyedwa noma ukuthi udinga usizo oluqhubekayo. 3. Ukuhlonza usizo oludingekayo: Ngezinye izikhathi usizo oludingekayo kuphela kungaba ukupheka ukudla, ukuphuza imithi ngezikhathi ezithile, noma ukuphatha imali. Kuleso simo, umnakekeli wesikhashana angasetshenziswa ukusiza ngaleyo misebenzi kuphela. 4. Ukutholwa kwezifo kusenesikhathi: Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ubunzima obuhamba kancane ekwenzeni lezi ADL kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo esifana ne -dementia . Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola njalo izinga le-ADL labantu asebekhulile kanye nabantu abasengozini kungasiza ekuhlonzeni izifo ezinjalo kusenesikhathi futhi kuqale ukwelashwa.

Wenzani uma umuntu engakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi eyedwa?

Uma uthola ukuthi othile emndenini wakho unenkinga yokwenza imisebenzi yakhe yansuku zonke ngale ndlela, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza.
  • Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha: Into yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukubonisana nodokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela oseduze. Udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okudingekayo futhi akuchazele ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe ngokulandelayo.
  • Yenza indawo yasekhaya lakho iphephe: Njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho, yenza izinguquko endaweni yasekhaya lakho ukuze imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula futhi iphephe. ​​Isibonelo, ungafaka amabha okubamba endlini yokugezela, ubeke phansi omata abangasheleli, bese ubeka izinto ezidingekayo eduze kombhede.
  • Ukuthola usizo kumnakekeli: Kuye ngokuthi udinga usizo olungakanani, ungathola usizo kumnakekeli wesikhashana noma wesikhathi esigcwele.
  • Ukucabangela indawo yokunakekela: Uma indawo yasekhaya inzima noma kudingeka ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo, ungase uthande ukucabanga ngokuthuthela endaweni yokunakekela eqinisekisa indawo yokuhlala ephephile.
  • Funa usizo lochwepheshe: Funa usizo lochwepheshe ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokunakekelwa oluzosiza ekugcineni impilo isezingeni eliphezulu futhi luqaphe isimo.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

  • Uma ubona ukuthi othile emndenini wakho, njengomzali noma omunye umuntu omdala, unenkinga yokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke eyedwa, ungakushayi indiva njengokujwayelekile.
  • Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ngokushesha ukubona udokotela bese ucela iseluleko.Leso isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu.
  • Ngokuhlola amazinga e-ADL ngokunembile, singakwazi ukubona ukuthi yiluphi usizo umuntu aludingayo futhi sithuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakhe kanye nokuzimela.
  • Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-ADL nakho kuyasiza kakhulu ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kwezifo ezithile, ikakhulukazi izimo ezifana ne-dementia.
  • Ngosizo nokunakekelwa okufanele, singasiza noma ubani ukuba aphile ngesithunzi nenjabulo.
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