Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani sijuluka uma sigijima futhi sidlala, ukuthi kungani sithuthumela ngosuku olubandayo, noma ukuthi singahlala kanjani siphapheme ngisho noma sidla sekwephuzile uma silambile? Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu kukhona uhlelo olumangalisayo noluzenzakalelayo emzimbeni wethu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngale nqubo emangalisayo ebalulekile ekusindeni kwethu, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Homeostasis.
Kuyini i-homeostasis kalula?
Kalula nje, i-homeostasis inqubo umzimba ogcina ngayo imvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba wethu, njengokushisa , amazinga kashukela , kanye nokuqukethwe kwamanzi, ezingeni elifanayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imvelo yangaphandle ishintsha kangakanani. Kufana 'ne-auto-pilot' ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Uma nje le nqubo isebenza kahle, siphilile. Kodwa uma lokhu kulinganisela kuphazamiseka, kungaholela ekuguleni ngisho nasekufeni.
Cabanga nge-AC ekhaya lakho. Uma uyibeka ku-24°C, uma izinga lokushisa legumbi likhuphuka ngaphezu kwalelo nani, i-AC iyavula bese ipholisa igumbi. Uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kuka-24°C, i-compressor iyacima bese ivumela izinga lokushisa ukuthi libuyele esimweni esijwayelekile. I-Homeostasis ifana nalokhu. Umzimba wethu uhlala uzama ukugcina yonke into 'isendaweni ethile'.
Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile zokugcina imizimba yethu ilinganisela kule nqubo:
| Isici sokulawula | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izinga Lokushisa Lomzimba | Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele ngokujuluka ekushiseni nangokuthuthumela emakhazeni. |
| Ushukela Ogazini | Ukulawula amazinga kashukela ngama-hormone i-insulin ne-glucagon. |
| Ukushaya kwegazi | Ukulawula umfutho wegazi ngokushintsha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nobubanzi bemithambo yegazi. |
| Amanzi nama-Electrolyte | Izinso zigcina ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni ngokushintsha ukuhlushwa komchamo. |
Le nqubo isebenza kanjani?
Inqubo ye-homeostasis isebenza ngokuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko. Ake siyicabange njengohlelo lokuphepha.
1. I-Receptor: Lena 'i-sentinel' emizimbeni yethu. Noma yiluphi ushintsho endaweni ezungezile ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle komzimba (isib., ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa, ukwehla komfutho wegazi ) luqala ukutholwa yilezi zi-receptor. Lokhu kungaba amaseli noma izicubu. Uma ushintsho selutholakele, le 'sentinel' ithumela umlayezo esikhungweni sokulawula.
2. Isikhungo Sokulawula: Lesi 'yiHhovisi Lokuphepha'. Lesi sikhungo sivame ukutholakala ebuchosheni bethu (ikakhulukazi engxenyeni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Hypothalamus). Ngemva kokuthola umyalezo ovela 'kunogada', lesi sikhungo yisona esinquma ukuthi senzeni. Sinikeza imiyalo efana nokuthi, "Kulungile, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho liphakeme kunokuvamile, udinga ukulihlisa."
3. Umphumela: Lona othatha 'Isenzo'. Nguye oqhuba umyalo ovela esikhungweni sokulawula. Isibonelo, lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, izindlala zokujuluka ziyavulwa bese ziqala ukujuluka ngokusho komyalezo ovela esikhungweni sokulawula. Bese umzimba uphola. Lapho umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka, kwenzeka imisebenzi efana nokunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo noma ukwandisa imithambo yegazi.
Kalula nje, inzwa ibona umehluko, isikhungo sokulawula senza isinqumo, bese i-actuator isebenzisa leso sinqumo. Ubunye balaba abathathu bugcina ibhalansi yomzimba.
Izindlela Zokuphendula
Umzimba wethu unezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokugcina lokhu kulinganisela.
- Impendulo Engemihle: Lena yindlela evame kakhulu esetshenziswa ku-homeostasis. Okwenzekayo lapho into idlula izinga elijwayelekile, ukuthi ibuyiselwe ezingeni elijwayelekile. Njenge-AC. Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, liyancishiswa. Uma izinga likashukela likhuphuka, liyancishiswa. Uma umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka, uyancishiswa. Kuhlala kwenzeka ngokwenza into ephambene noshintsho nokudala ibhalansi.
- Impendulo Enhle: Lokhu kuyinto engavamile futhi ehlukile. Lokhu kuhilela ukwandisa nokusheshisa inqubo ekhona. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu ukujiya kwegazi . Uma usika isandla sakho, igazi lakho liqala ukujiya. Le ndlela yokuphendula enhle isheshisa inqubo yokujiya kwegazi futhi imise ukuphuma kwegazi ngokushesha. Esinye isibonelo salolu hlobo lokuphendula okuhle ukujiya kwesibeletho ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Kungani i-homeostasis ibaluleke kangaka kithi?
I-Homeostasis iyimpilo yethu. Ngaphandle kwale nqubo, amaseli emzimbeni wethu awakwazi ukusebenza. Cabanga ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu lishintsha nje ngokushisa kwendawo ezungezile. Ngakho-ke, ekushiseni okukhulu, amaseli ethu angafa.
Lokhu kungalingani kuyimbangela yezifo eziningi .
Isibonelo, i-Diabetes Mellitus ukuwohloka kwesistimu ye-homeostasis elawula amazinga kashukela egazini. Ngokuvamile, amazinga kashukela andayo lapho sidla alawulwa yi-hormone i-Insulin, ekhishwa yi-pancreas. Lapho amazinga kashukela ehla ngesikhathi sokulamba, i-hormone i-Glucagon iyakhishwa ukuze ibuyisele esimweni sayo esijwayelekile. Ku-diabetes, le nqubo ayenzeki kahle. Yingakho kufanele sithathe imithi yangaphandle ukuze sibuyisele lokhu kulinganisela.
Ngakho-ke, uma uzizwa ukungalingani noma ushintsho oluqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, i-homeostasis ephazamisekile ivame ukubuyiselwa esimweni sayo.
Yini esingayenza ukuze silondoloze lokhu kulinganisela?
Izinguquko ezincane endleleni yethu yokuphila zinganikeza ukwesekwa okukhulu kulesi simiso esimangalisayo.
- Lala ngokwanele: Ukulala kubalulekile ekulungiseni umzimba kanye nokulinganisela kwama-hormone.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kunikeza umzimba amandla nezakhamzimba ozidingayo.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo: Ukuzivocavoca kuthuthukisa ukulawulwa koshukela egazini, impilo yenhliziyo, kanye nempilo yengqondo.
- Phuza amanzi anele: Amanzi abalulekile ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lomzimba kanye nezinqubo eziningi.
- Lawula ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungaphazamisa ibhalansi yamahomoni. Izinto ezifana nokuzindla kanye ne-yoga zingasiza ngalokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Homeostasis inqubo ezenzakalelayo yokugcina isimo esizinzile nesilinganiselayo ngaphakathi kwemizimba yethu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indawo yangaphandle ishintsha kangakanani.
- Le nqubo ilawula izinto eziningi ezibalulekile empilweni, njengokushisa komzimba, ushukela wegazi, kanye nomfutho wegazi.
- Le nqubo inezingxenye ezintathu: izinzwa, izikhungo zokulawula, kanye nama-actuator.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwe-homeostasis kuholela ezifweni eziningi, njengesifo sikashukela.
- Ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo kungasiza ekulondolozeni lokhu kulinganisela kwemvelo emizimbeni yethu.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile nezihlala isikhathi eside emzimbeni wakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
i-homeostasis, ibhalansi, izinga lokushisa lomzimba, umfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela, ama-hormone, impilo
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