Uma uqala ukubamba ingane yakho encane ngezandla zakho, bese uyishaya ikhanda ngothando, ubona indawo ethambile, efana namafu phezu kwekhanda layo, akunjalo? Abanye abazali abasha bayesaba kancane uma bebona lokhu. "Kuyini lokhu? Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngengane? Ingabe isandla sami sizoqina kakhulu?" Bacabanga. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Le ndawo ethambile ekhanda lengane ivame ukuba yinto evamile futhi edingekayo. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngokuningiliziwe namuhla.
Iyini le 'ndawo ethambile' noma i-fontanelle?
Kalula nje, lapho umntwana ezalwa, amathambo asekhanda lakhe awahlanganiswa ndawonye. Kunezikhala ezincane phakathi kwalawo mathambo. Lezi zikhala yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'amabala athambile' noma, ngokwezokwelapha , ama-fontanelles .
Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu:
1. Yenza kube lula ukubeletha: Lapho umntwana efika kuleli zwe, lezi zikhala zimsiza ukuba aphume kalula ngomsele wokuzalwa kamama. Lokhu kushintsha kancane ukuma kwekhanda, okwenza kube lula ukuthi ukubeletha kwenzeke ngaphandle kokulimaza umama noma umntwana.
2. Vumela ukukhula kobuchopho: Ubuchopho bomntwana bukhula ngokushesha kakhulu ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Lezi zikhala zibaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza isikhala esidingekayo salokhu kukhula okusheshayo.
Ngokuvamile kuba namabala amabili athambile ekhanda lomntwana.
- Enkulu phezulu ngaphambili: Lena yi-fontanel enkulu negqamile kunazo zonke abantu abaningi abayibonayo.
- Ingane encane ngemuva kwekhanda : Lokhu kuncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungase ungakuzwa nokukuzwa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ukuthinta noma ukucindezela lezi zindawo ezithambile kakhulu. Ngoba ngaphansi kukhona ubuchopho bomntwana obuzwelayo. Asikho isidingo sokwesaba ukuphulula ikhanda lakhe, ukumgeza, noma ukukama izinwele zakhe njengenjwayelo.
Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala kanjani? Kuvalwa nini?
Uma ubona le ndawo enhle, ungabona izinto ezincane. Zivamile.
- Uma ingane ikhala noma ikhwehlela, le ndawo ingase ibukeke ivuvukele kancane . Uma ingane ithule, ibuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile.
- Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kubonakale sengathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kuyehla futhi kukhuphuke kancane, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo. Lokhu futhi kujwayelekile ngokuphelele.
- Ungayibona futhi inyakaza ngokwesigqi somntwana encela lapho encelisa.
Zivala nini lezi?
Lezi zikhala azihlali njalo. Njengoba umntwana ekhula, amathambo ekhanda ayakhula.Lezi zikhala ziyavaleka.
- Ingane emhlane: Lokhu kuvame ukuwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezingaba ngu-3 .
- Enkulu ngaphambili: Lena ithatha isikhathi ukuvala. Ngokuvamile ivala ngokuphelele cishe izinyanga eziyi-18 (unyaka ongu-1 1/2) .
Uma uyisa ingane yakho emtholampilo, udokotela uzohlala ehlola le fontanel. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungabona ukuthi ivala kahle futhi ngokufanele yini ngokweminyaka yengane.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyingozi okufanele siziqaphele?
Nakuba lokhu kujwayelekile ezimweni eziningi, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwenkinga enkulu yempilo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela.
| Isici okufanele usiqaphele | Kusho ukuthini nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze |
|---|---|
| I-Sunken Fontanelle | Lokhu kungaba uphawu olukhulu lokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni enganeni yakho. Qaphela kakhulu uma ingane yakho inesifo sohudo noma ihlanza. Naka ukuthi ingane yakho iphuza ubisi olungakanani. Bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha. |
| I-fontanelle evuvukele | Uma i-fontanel iqhubeka nokuvuvukala nokukhukhumala ngisho nalapho ingane izolile futhi ingakhali, kungaba uphawu lokucindezeleka okukhulu noma ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda noma ukutheleleka. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo. Bona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU). |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zingabangela ukuthi i-fontanelle ibe nkulu kunokujwayelekile. Isibonelo:
- I-Down syndrome
- I-Hydrocephalus (ukunqwabelana koketshezi ebuchosheni)
- Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
Udokotela wakho uzobona lezi zimo futhi akunikeze iseluleko esidingekayo.
Isimo esingavamile: i-craniosynostosis
Leli igama eliyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kalula nje, i-craniosynostosis yilapho izikhala phakathi kwamathambo ekhanda lomntwana zivala ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okubangela ukuba amathambo ahlangane. Lokhu kungaholela ekushodeni kwesikhala sokukhula kobuchopho. Kungabangela nokuthi ikhanda lomntwana libe nesimo esingajwayelekile.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalesi simo.
| Uhlobo | Isimo sekhanda sishintsha kanjani? |
|---|---|
| I-synostosis ye-Sagittal | Isikhala esiphakathi esisuka phambili siye emuva siyavalwa kusenesikhathi. Ikhanda liba nesimo eside nesincane. |
| I-coronal synostosis | Isikhala ohlangothini olulodwa, esiqala endlebeni siye phezulu ekhanda, siyavaleka. Lolo hlangothi lwebunzi luba yisicaba. |
| I-Bicoronal synostosis | Zombili izikhala ezisuka ezindlebeni ziye phezulu ekhanda ziyavaleka. Ukhakhayi luba nesimo esibanzi nesifushane. |
| I-synostosis ye-Lambdoid | Isikhala esidlula ngemuva kwekhanda siyavaleka. Ingemuva lekhanda liba yisicaba. |
| I-Metopic synostosis | Isikhala esiphakathi kwebunzi, esiqala ekhaleni siye ekhanda, siyavaleka. Ibunzi liba nesimo esingunxantathu. |
Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esingavamile, uma unokungabaza ngesimo sekhanda lengane yakho, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Indawo ethambile ekhanda lengane yakho, noma i-fontanelle, iyinto evamile futhi iyadingeka . Ungakhathazeki ngakho ngokungadingekile.
- Uma uphatha ikhanda lomntwana , ungacindezeli kakhulu, kodwa yiba mnene .
- Uma i-fontanel ibonakala ishone (ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni) noma iqhubeka nokuvuvukala ngisho nalapho ingane izolile (ingcindezi ebuchosheni) , kuyisibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso.
- Uma unokungabaza noma ukukhathazeka , ungaqageli futhi ubone udokotela wezingane ngokushesha. Ukufuna iseluleko kusenesikhathi kuyinto ephephile kakhulu ongayenza.
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