Uma ungumama, ubaba, noma umuntu osebenza nezingane ezincane, cishe uyazi ukuthi izingane ezincane zifana nezimboni zezifo ezihamba ngezinyawo, akunjalo? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siqaphela kangakanani, ngezinye izikhathi lapho isifo siqala ukusabalala endaweni yokunakekela izingane noma esikoleni sabantwana abancane, sisabalala njengomlilo wasendle. Ngakho-ke, elinye lamagciwane asakazeka kalula phakathi kwezingane ezinjalo yi-Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIVs).
Iyini le gciwane le-parainfluenza (HPIV)?
Kalula nje, lolu uhlobo lwegciwane olubangela izifo zokuphefumula. Luvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane. Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zaleli gciwane: i-HPIV-1, i-HPIV-2, i-HPIV-3, kanye ne-HPIV-4. Uhlobo ngalunye lungabangela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo zokuphefumula.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izifo eziyinhloko ezibangelwa yileli gciwane.
- I-Croup: Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu esihlotshaniswa naleli gciwane. Sibangela ukuvuvukala kwebhokisi lezwi, umphimbo, kanye nemigudu yomoya ezungezile. Lokhu kuvuvukala kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula futhi kubangele ukukhwehlela okujulile, okuhoshozelayo, okufana nenja ekhonkothayo . Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-croup'. Lesi simo sibangelwa kakhulu yigciwane elibizwa nge-HPIV-1.
- Izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu: Lezi yizifo ezithinta ikhala lethu, umphimbo, kanye nemigodi yama-sinus. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane ovamile, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukutheleleka kwama-sinus, kanye ne-laryngitis.
- Ukutheleleka kokuphefumula okuphansi: Lokhu kubhekisela ezifweni ezenzeka emaphashini kanye nasemzimbeni wokuphefumula ophansi ohlobene. Izibonelo zalokhu yizimo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-bronchiolitis kanye ne-pneumonia.
- I-Bronchiolitis ukutheleleka kanye nokuvuvukala kwemigudu yomoya emincane (ama-bronchioles) athwala umoya uye emaphashini. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi isifuba sigcwale ulwelwesi futhi kubangele izimpawu ezifana nokuphefumula.
- I-pneumonia ukuvuvukala kwama-air sac emaphashini ngenxa yokutheleleka.
Nakuba zonke lezi zifo zingabangelwa amagciwane e-parainfluenza, i-HPIV-1 itholakale ihlotshaniswa kakhulu nokukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo (croup), kanye ne-HPIV-3 enezifo eziphansi zokuphefumula ezifana ne-bronchiolitis kanye ne-pneumonia.
Leli gciwane lidluliselwa kanjani?
Leli gciwane liyathelelana kakhulu . Lisakazeka kakhulu ngamaconsi avela ekuthinimula, ekukhaleni , noma ematheni omuntu onegciwane. Uma umuntu ethimula, izinhlayiya zegciwane emoyeni zingahlala zisebenza isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora. Leli gciwane lingaphila amahora amaningana ezindaweni ezifana nezibambo zomnyango namathoyizi.
Ngokuvamile kuthiwa ingane isuke itheleleke ngaleli gciwane le-parainfluenza okungenani kanye lapho ineminyaka emihlanu ubudala, ngakho-ke lokhu kuvame kakhulu.
Cabanga nje, uma ingane eyodwa enkulisa ithola leli gciwane, enye ingane ithinta ithoyizi elilisebenzisayo, noma uma lawo magciwane efika ezandleni zabanye abantwana lapho bethimula, bese labo bantwana befaka lezo zandla emlonyeni nasemakhaleni abo, lokhu kungasakazeka kalula kangakanani? Yingakho lezi zinto zisakazeka ngokushesha kangaka.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Izimpawu ezibangelwa yileli gciwane zingahluka kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha
- Ukukhwehlela okushisayo okufana nokukhonkotha kwenja (ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka i-croup)
- Ukuphefumula
- Ukushintsha kwezwi, ukushoshozela
- Ukuphuma kwe -mucous
- Imfiva
- Ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo
- Isifiso sokudla
- Ukubomvu kwamehlo
Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu ezivamile, ezinye izimpawu zingase zivele kuye ngesimo esiyisisekelo. Isibonelo, ukutheleleka kwe-sinus kungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhathala, kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala. Isimo esifana ne-pneumonia singabangela ubuhlungu besifuba kanye nomuzwa wokuqina esifubeni.
Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela, into yokuqala ezoyenza ukuhlola ingane kahle. Ungathola umbono wokuthi hlobo luni lokutheleleka lokhu ngokubheka izimpawu zengane, ukuthi iphefumula kanjani, nokulalela isifuba sayo. Futhi, njengoba odokotela bezazi izifo ezisakazeka endaweni ngaleso sikhathi, ngalolo lwazi, bangaqagela ukuthi lokhu kungaba ukutheleleka kwe-HPIV.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uma ukutheleleka kukubi kakhulu noma uma kukhona izinsolo zezinye izinkinga, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.
- I-swab yamakhala: I-swab encane isetshenziselwa ukuqoqa isampula ye-mucus ngaphakathi ekhaleni bese iyihlola ukuthi ayinalo yini igciwane.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kwenziwa uma kusolwa ukuthi kunesimo esifana ne-pneumonia.
Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungenziwa ekhaya?
Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zifo ze-parainfluenza azizimbi kangako. Zingelashwa ekhaya. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane . Lokhu kusho ukuthi asinakwelashwa ngama-antibiotic . Ama-antibiotic asebenza kuphela ekulweni nokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Ngakho-ke, ungathengi ama-antibiotic ekhemisi bese uwanika ingane yakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
Okuvame ukwenziwa ukulawula izimpawu nokunikeza induduzo enganeni kuze kube yilapho igciwane selisusiwe emzimbeni.
- Nikeza uketshezi oluningi: Nikeza izinto ezifana namanzi, ijusi yezithelo, kanye nephalishi njalo.
- Nciphisa umkhuhlane nobuhlungu: Nikeza imithi efana ne-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen ngesilinganiso esinqunyiwe njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho.
- Gcina umntwana ezolile: Uma umntwana ekhala noma eqala ukukhathazeka, ubunzima bokuphefumula bungakhula. Ngakho zama ukumgcina ezolile.
- I-Humidifier: Ukusebenzisa i-cool-mist humidifier ukwandisa umswakama ekamelweni kungasiza ekuvimbeleni imigudu yokuphefumula ukuthi ingomi, kukhulule amafinyila, futhi kwenze ukuphefumula kube lula.
Kwezinye izimo ezinzima ze-croup, udokotela wakho angase akunike umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-corticosteroid ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha?
Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuzophela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Uma izimpawu zengane yakho ziba zimbi kakhulu noma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha, kufanele nakanjani uqaphele.
| Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo | |
|---|---|
| Uma une-croup, qaphela kakhulu lezi zimpawu: | |
| 🚨 | Uma ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula . |
| 🚨 | Uma wenza umsindo ophakeme (njengokwenza umsindo othi "s") uma uphefumula futhi ukhipha umoya. |
| 🚨 | Uma ingane yenza le misindo ephezulu ngisho noma ingacasukile. |
| 🚨 | Uma ungakwazi ukugwinya bese kuphuma amathe emlonyeni wakho. |
| 🚨 | Uma indawo ezungeze umlomo, impumulo, noma izinzipho iphenduka ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ingwevu . |
| Uma une-pneumonia, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela kulezi zimo ezilandelayo: | |
| 🚨 | Uma ingane ingaphansi kwezinyanga ezimbili ubudala. |
| 🚨 | Uma unenkinga enkulu yokuphefumula. |
| 🚨 | Uma izinga lomoya-mpilo emzimbeni liphansi. |
| 🚨 | Uma ingane ilele kakhulu futhi ingaphili . |
| 🚨 | Uma ubonisa izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (umlomo owomile, amehlo acwilisiwe, ukungachami amahora angu-6-8). |
Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, thatha ingane yakho uyise eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ezikhathini ezinjengalezi.
Singabavikela kanjani abantwana bethu kuleli gciwane?
Nakuba kuthiwa cishe bonke abantwana bakhula lokhu lapho beneminyaka emihlanu, kunezinyathelo ezithile esingazithatha ukuvikela izingane zethu. Lezi zibaluleke kakhulu uma ingane yakho isenkulisa.
- Ukuhlanzeka Okuhle: Fundisa ingane yakho ukugeza izandla zayo kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo.
- Gcina ingane yakho kude nezingane ezigulayo: Gcina ingane yakho kude nezingane ezikhwehlelayo kanye nomkhuhlane ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Gwema ukwabelana ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo: Fundisa ingane yakho ukuthi ingabelani ngezinto ezifana namabhodlela amanzi, izinkomishi, nezipuni nabanye.
Okwamanje akukho muthi wokugomela leli gciwane le-parainfluenza. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luyaqhubeka lokuthuthukisa umuthi wokugomela amagciwane e-HPIV-1 kanye ne-HPIV-3. Ngakho-ke singathemba ukuthi sizoba nesixazululo esihle esikhathini esizayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Parainfluenza (HPIV) igciwane elivame kakhulu ezinganeni futhi libangela izifo zokuphefumula ezifana 'nokukhwehlela okukhulu' kanye ne-pneumonia.
- Ngenxa yokuthi iyigciwane, ayinakwelashwa ngama-antibiotic. Ukwelashwa kuhloselwe ukulawula izimpawu nokunikeza impumuzo.
- Hlala uqaphele izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezinjengobunzima bokuphefumula, imisindo ephezulu lapho uphefumula, kanye nesikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Uma ubona izimpawu ezinjalo ezinzima, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.
- Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka, njengokugeza izandla njalo, iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela izingane kulezi zinhlobo zezifo.
- Uma unokungabaza nganoma yini, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi.
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