Ukuba nomntwana wakho, okungukuthi, ukuba nomntwana onezakhi zofuzo zakho, kuyimizwa enamandla kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ubuhlungu bokungabi nomntwana abubekezeleleki, futhi abanye abazali bayalingeka ukuba benze noma yini ngenxa yalokho. Kodwa, lowo mqondo "wanoma yini" uphelelaphi? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esibucayi, futhi abantu abaningi bakhuluma ngaso. Lokho kuwukwenza umuntu abe yi-cloning.
Kuyini lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwe-cloning?
Kalula nje, ukwenza i-cloning inqubo yokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo zento ephilayo ukudala enye into elingana ngokuphelele naleso sidalwa. Ngamanye amazwi, kufana newele elizakhi zofuzo. Lokhu kuye kwaphumelela ngezinga elithile ezweni lezilwane. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngoDolly imvu. Wayeyisilwane sokuqala esincelisayo esakhiwa i-cloning.
Umbuzo manje uwukuthi lobu buchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa yini kubantu. Abanye ososayensi namaqembu bathi lokhu kungaba yisisombululo kulabo abahlushwa ukungabi nabantwana, ikakhulukazi kubazali abalahlekelwe yingane. Isibonelo, kunabazali emhlabeni abanethemba lokulingisa indodakazi yabo eshonile bese beyithatha. Kukhona nalabo abanethemba lokudala "ikhophi encane" yabo, benethemba lokungafi kwabo.
"Ukuba nezingane kuyinjabulo. Ukudala ama-clone kungaba yintokozo nakakhulu. Yeka ukuthi kuhle kanjani ukuba noRichard Seed omncane ekhaya!" - Lona umbono kaDkt. Richard G. Seed, usosayensi okhuthaza ukwenziwa kwama-clone.
Kodwa lolu uhlangothi olulodwa nje kuphela. Olunye uhlangothi lubaluleke kakhulu.
Kungani odokotela nososayensi besaba lokhu? Yiziphi izingozi ezinkulu?
"Ngenxa yokuthi sinobuchwepheshe, kufanele sibusebenzise?" Lona ngumbuzo oyinhloko obuzwa yilabo abaphikisana nokukhiqiza izilwane ezincelisayo. Isizathu salokhu yizingozi zezokwelapha eziyingozi kakhulu ezihilelekile kule nqubo. Ngisho nalapho kukhiqiza izilwane ezincelisayo, izinga lempumelelo liphansi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ama-embryo ancelisayo ayakhishwa, noma izilwane zizalwa zinokukhubazeka nezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izingozi eziyinhloko.
| Umuntu osengozini | Incazelo (Izingozi ezibhekene nazo) |
|---|---|
| I-Clone |
|
| Umama Othatha Isisu |
"Sihlola futhi sikhethe kuphela imibungu engcono kakhulu" - ingabe le mpikiswano iyiqiniso?
Abasekeli bokwenziwa kwe-cloning bathi ama-embryo abantu ayahlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-embryo anempilo kuphela angenazo iziphambeko afakwa esibelethweni sikamama. Kodwa ososayensi baveza ukuthi lezi zindlela zokuhlola azinembile ngokuphelele futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingadukisa.
"Ukuzama ukwenza izitho zokuzala zabantu zibe yi-clone kuyisenzo esingenasibopho nhlobo. Labo abazama ukwenza kanjalo badukisa umphakathi. Kumelwe bamiswe," - UProfesa weSayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo uRudolf Jaenisch.
Izinkinga zokuziphatha ezingaphezu kwezingozi zezokwelapha
Cabanga nje ukube lobu buchwepheshe bebuphumelela. Izinkinga ebezizovela beziyoba zimbi kakhulu.
- Ubani owenza i-cloning? Lena inqubo ebiza kakhulu. Ingabe lokho kusho ukuthi yilabo abanemali kuphela abathola leli thuba? Kwenzekani emphakathini wonke?
- Ubunikazi be-clone:Ingabe ingane izozalwa iyiwele lomnikeli we-DNA? Noma ingane? Ingabe le ngane izozizwa ingumuntu, umuzwa wokuhlukile, njengowayo? Noma ingabe izohlupheka ngokwengqondo ngenxa yokuzizwa sengathi iyikhophi yomunye umuntu?
- Ubudlelwano bezenhlalo nomndeni: Uwuchaza kanjani umuthi womndeni walo mntwana? Kwenzekani emibonweni yogogo nomkhulu, umama nobaba?
- Izindinganiso Zomphakathi: Lokhu kuphakamisa imibuzo ejulile mayelana nencazelo yokudalwa komuntu kanye nokuba ngumzali. Lokhu kuwuthinta kanjani umphakathi wethu, isiko, kanye nezinkolelo zenkolo?
Ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi noma umuntu enamalungelo akhe okuzala, lelo lungelo alinakubekwa ngaphezu kwezindinganiso zomphakathi wonke. Ngoba ukwenza i-cloning akuthinti abazali kuphela, kodwa futhi nengane engakazalwa, umphakathi wonke, kanye nezizukulwane ezizayo.
Ngakho-ke, kuzokwenzekani esikhathini esizayo?
Amazwe amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, okuhlanganisa ne-United States, athathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukwenziwa kwe-cloning ngabantu ngokomthetho. Izinhlangano ezinkulu zenkolo, izinhlangano zezokwelapha, kanye nohulumeni baphikisana kakhulu nalokhu.
Kodwa, naphezu kwakho konke lokhu kuphikiswa, kubikwa ukuthi amanye amaqembu alandela lolu cwaningo ngasese. Lokho kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ngelinye ilanga, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukuhle noma kubi kangakanani, umuntu wokuqala emhlabeni awakalahleki ngokuphelele. Uma lokho kwenzeka, sonke kuzodingeka sibhekane nemiphumela.
Lapho senza izinqumo ngezindaba zobuchwepheshe eziyinkimbinkimbi kangaka, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngokuhluzeka kunokuba ngokomzwelo. Nakuba ubuhlungu bokungabi nabantwana bubukhulu kangaka, sonke sidinga ukucabangela ukuhlakanipha kokukhetha indlela ephethe izingozi eziningi ezinkulu nezinkinga zokuziphatha. Uma uneminye imibuzo ngalezi zindaba, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwakha i-cloning akulula: kuwubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, obusekelwe ocwaningweni, futhi akuyona indlela yokwelapha etholakala kalula kulabo abangakwazi ukuba nezingane.
- Izingozi zezokwelapha ziphezulu kakhulu: Ingane ekhuliswe nge-clone ingabhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu zofuzo, izinkinga zempilo, ngisho nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Umama othwele ingane naye ubhekene nezingozi ezinkulu zomzimba.
- Amathuba okuphumelela aphansi kakhulu: ngisho nasekukhiqizweni kwezilwane, izinga lokwehluleka lingaphezu kuka-95%.
- Izinkinga eziningi zokuziphatha: Ukuhlukanisa i-cloning kuphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana nokubaluleka kokuphila komuntu, ubuwena, kanye nesikhungo somndeni.
- Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha: Esikhundleni sokucabanga ngezinketho eziyingozi njengokufaka i-cloning ezinkingeni zokuzala, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuvunyelwe nokuphephile.
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