Ingabe nawe unenkinga yokungezwani nokolweni? Ake sixoxe ngakho!

Wake wazizwa ungavamile noma ungakhululekile ngemva kokudla ukudla okwenziwe ngofulawa kakolweni, mhlawumbe ucezu lwesinkwa, ucezu lwekhekhe, noma isinkwa? Mhlawumbe unesifo sokuvuvukala kwesikhumba, isisu esibuhlungu, noma ngisho nobunzima bokuphefumula. Lezi zinto aziyona nje into eyenzeka kuwe, kodwa zingase zibe ngenxa yokungezwani nokolweni . Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, kulungile?

Kuyini Ukungezwani Nokolweni?

Kalula nje, ukungezwani nokolweni kuwukusabela ngokweqile kwesimiso sethu sokuzivikela komzimba kukolweni ekudleni esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nasezintweni esiziphefumulayo. Cabanga ngakho, ukolweni ngokuvamile awunangozi futhi unomsoco kubantu abaningi. Kodwa uma une-allergy kakolweni, isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba wakho, isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba, siphatha ukolweni njengokungathi "ungumhlaseli," njengebhaktheriya noma igciwane. Yilapho lezi zimpawu zivela khona.

Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi empilweni . Ikakhulukazi izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ezinzima njengokuvuvukala komphimbo nobunzima bokuphefumula, sikubiza ngokuthi `(Anaphylaxis)`, uma kwenzeka into efana naleyo, kufanele uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha noma ushayele isevisi ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo njengo-1990. Akulungile ukuyihlehlisa.

Lesi simo sithinta bani? Kuvamile kangakanani?

Empeleni, noma ubani angaba nokungezwani komzimba nokolweni. Kodwa uma othile emndenini wakho enokungezwani komzimba nokolweni, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi nawe ube nakho . Lokho kusho ukuthi uma umama wakho, ubaba, izingane zakini, noma amanye amalungu omndeni enokungezwani komzimba nothuli, ukudla, noma ezinye izinto, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi nawe ube nokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezifana nokolweni.

Ngokuphathelene nokuthi lokhu kuvame kangakanani, izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi phakathi kuka-0.2% no-1.3% wabantu emhlabeni banesifo sokungezwani nokolweni. E-United States, cishe u-0.4% wezingane unaso. Nakuba kungekho zibalo eziqondile zokuthi sivame kangakanani ezweni lakithi, lesi simo singabonakala naphakathi kwethu. Sibonakala kaningi, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingane ezincane.

Ukungezwani nokolweni kuwuthinta kanjani umzimba?

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko amasosha omzimba wethu asabela ngazo ekuzwelweni yi-wheat.

1. Ukusabela okuhlobene ne-Immunoglobulin E (IgE)

Lena yindlela evame kakhulu yokusabela. Uma udla noma uphefumula into equkethe ukolweni, umzimba wakho wenza uhlobo lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuthi `(Immunoglobulin E)` noma `(IgE)`. Lawa ma-antibody `(IgE)` yiwona aqala ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba.

Lokhu kusabela kwe-`(IgE)` kuvame ukuqala phakathi nemizuzu embalwa yokudla ukolweni . Ngezinye izikhathi kungabambezeleka kuze kube amahora amane. Ingxenye eyingozi kakhulu yalokhu ukuthi kungaholela ekusabeleni okubi kakhulu, okusongela impilo okubizwa ngokuthi `(Anaphylaxis).`

2. Ukusabela okubangelwa yi-non-IgE

Lokhu kuhilela nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, kodwa ama-antibodies `(IgE)` awabandakanyeki. Lokhu kusabela kwenzeka kancane kakhulu kunokusabela `(IgE)` okukhulunywe ngakho ekuqaleni. Kungathatha amahora angama-48 ukuthi izimpawu zivele.

Izibonelo zalezi zindlela zokusabela yilezi: `(Eosinophilic esophagitis - EoE)` (lapho ipayipi elisuka emlonyeni wethu liye esiswini sethu, umminzo, livuvukala) kanye `(Eosinophilic gastritis - EG)` (lapho izindonga zesisu zivuvukala). Lezi yizimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kancane.

Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani nokolweni?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi ziyini izimpawu. Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu , futhi zingahluka ngobukhulu . Ezinye zingaba nazo kancane nje kanti ezinye zingaba nazo zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Izici eziyinhloko ezibonakalayo yilezi:

• Izimpawu zesikhumba:
• Ama-Hives noma i-urticaria (ukuqhuma okukhanyayo)
• Ukuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi izindebe, ulimi, nobuso
• Ukuthola ukuqubuka kwesikhumba
• Izimpawu zesistimu yokugaya ukudla:
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Ukungagayeki kahle, ukuqunjelwa
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Uhudo
• Izimpawu zesistimu yokuphefumula:
• Impumulo egcwele
• Impumulo egobhozayo
• Ukuthimula
• Ukuphefumula
• Ezinye izici:
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukuvuvukala
• Futhi, isimo esiyingozi kakhulu esake sakhuluma ngaso yi-"Anaphylaxis"

Yiziphi izimpawu ezibucayi ze-anaphylaxis?

Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyiqaphele kakhulu . Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-dysphagia)
• Ukuqina kwesifuba
• Ukuzizwa unesithukuthezi noma ukwesaba
• Ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi (i-hypotension), okuhambisana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okubuthakathaka kanye nokukhathazeka
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo
• Ukushaqeka
• Ukuzizwa uphelelwe amandla ngokuzumayo
• Isiyezi , ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-syncope)
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso, ulimi, nomphimbo
• Ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo

Okubalulekile: Lezi zimpawu ze-`(Anaphylaxis)` ziyisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Izimpawu zivela isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokudla ukolweni?

Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukungezwani komzimba kwakho kungakanani.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu zingakapheli imizuzu embalwa bedle ukolweni . Kwabanye, kungathatha amahora afinyelela kwangu-48.Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zingase zingaveli okwamanje, ngakho-ke kunzima ukusho ukuthi izimpawu zizovela nini ngempela.

Yini ebangela ukungezwani nokolweni?

Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu kungezwani komzimba amaprotheni athile atholakala kukolweni. Amasosha ethu omzimba asabela ngokweqile kula maprotheni. Kunezinhlobo ezine zala maprotheni:

• I-Albumin
• I-Gliadin
• I-Globulin
• I-Gluten (yebo, yilokho oke wezwa ngakho okubizwa ngokuthi i-gluten)

Kungenzeka yini ukuthi uzwele ukolweni ngokuzumayo?

Yebo, kungenzeka. Ikakhulukazi, ukusabela okuhlobene ne-`(IgE)` kungavela ngokuzumayo, ngisho noma usemncane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusabela okuhlobene ne-`(Non-IgE)` kungabonakala kubonakala kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ukuxilongwa okuqondile.

Ingabe ukungezwani nokolweni kuyathelelana?

Cha, akunjalo nhlobo . Ukungezwani nokolweni akuthelelani. Awukwazi ukukusabalalisa komunye umuntu ngoba nje unayo.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani nokolweni? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma usola ukuthi une-allergy kakolweni, kufanele ubonane nodokotela we-allergy . Angenza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa lokhu.

Udokotela angase akubuze imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onesifo sokungezwani nokolweni noma okunye ukungezwani nokudla?
• Wake waba nokungezwani komzimba nokunye ukudla ngaphambili?
• Ziyini izimpawu zakho?
• Ingabe usebenzisa noma yimiphi imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela yalezi zimpawu?
• Lezi zimpawu zaqala nini ukuvela?
• Ingabe ugcina incwadi yokudla?

Ngemva kwalokho, udokotela angenza izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

1. Ukuhlolwa kokubhoboza isikhumba

Okwenzekayo ukuthi inani elincane kakhulu leprotheyini kakolweni lifakwa esikhumbeni sakho.

Ngokuvamile, uhlanza isikhumba esingalweni noma emhlane wakho, ufake ithonsi leprotheyini kakolweni ewuketshezi esikhumbeni, bese uklwebha isikhumba kancane ngenaliti encane. Lokhu akubuhlungu kakhulu, kuzwakala sengathi kuyakhafula kancane. Akukho ukuphuma kwegazi.

Uma une-allergy kakolweni, cishe ngemizuzu eyi-15 indawo izoba bomvu futhi ivuvuke kancane, njengokulunywa umiyane. Udokotela uzolinganisa ubukhulu bokuvuvukala.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (ukuhlolwa kwe-IgE yegazi)

Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi kuwe bese ulithumela elabhorethri. Ilabhorethri ilinganisa inani lama-antibodies "e-IgE" ngokumelene namaprotheni kakolweni egazini lakho.

Kungathatha cishe isonto ukuthi imiphumela ivele.

3. Inselele yomlomo ehlelwe ngamamaki

Uma izivivinyo ezimbili okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla zingafinyeleli esiphethweni esicacile, udokotela angenza lolu vivinyo.

Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela .Uzonikezwa inani elincane kakhulu lokudla okuqukethe ukolweni, uqale ngenani elincane. Khulisa kancane kancane inani bese ubona ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani.

Kodwa lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kuphela uma usengozini encane yokuba nokusabela okubi kakhulu kwe-allergy. Lokhu kungathatha cishe amahora amane.

Ingabe ukungezwani nokolweni kungalapheka ngokuphelele?

Eqinisweni, isikhathi esiningi akwenzeki . Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle. Cishe u-66% wezingane uyakhula adlule kulesi simo njengoba zikhula .

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha lokhu ukugwema ukudla ukudla okuqukethe ukolweni . Emazweni afana ne-United States, kunomthetho othi uma amaphakheji okudla equkethe ukolweni, kumele abhalwe ku-ilebula. Ezweni lethu, lokhu kuvame ukuba njalo.

Kodwa kunezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele:

• Izinto ezingezona ukudla: Ngezinye izikhathi, izinto zokudlala zezingane ezifana ne-Play-Doh®, eminye imikhiqizo yezimonyo, ngisho nezinto zokugeza njengensipho kanye nomshini wokuxubha amazinyo zingase zibe nokolweni. Lezi zinto ezingezona ukudla zingase zingabhalwa ngokuthi 'ziqukethe ukolweni' kumalebula azo. Ngakho-ke uma ungabaza, kungcono ukuhlola iwebhusayithi yomenzi noma ushayele isevisi yamakhasimende abo.
• Ukusebenzisa imishini efanayo: Kwamanye amafektri, ukudla okungenakolweni nakho kungenziwa emshinini ofanayo owenza ukudla okusekelwe kukolweni. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ukolweni omncane ungangena kokunye ukudla. Ngakho hlola ilebula ukuze uthole okuthile okufana nokuthi "Kwenziwe emishinini eyabelwana nokolweni."

Uma une-allergy kakolweni, yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme?

Kunokudla neziphuzo eziningi eziqukethe amaprotheni kakolweni noma kakolweni. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Imikhiqizo yokubhaka efana nesinkwa, amabhanisi, amakhekhe, amakhukhi, ama-muffin
• Okusanhlamvu kwasekuseni
• Umzala
• Ezinye izinhlobo zamasoseji (ama-hot dog)
• Iziphuzo ezithile ezifakwe i-malted
• Izinhlobo ze-pasta nama-noodle
• Inhlama yepizza
• I-Seitan (inyama ethathelwe indawo eyenziwe nge-gluten kakolweni)
• Ubhiya kakolweni
• Zonke izinhlobo zikafulawa kakolweni (okwenziwe ngenhloso yonke, okucebile, ikhekhe, insimbi egayiwe, itshe eligayiwe njll.)

Khumbula, lolu hlu aluphelele. Hlola njalo ilebula ngaphambi kokudla noma yikuphi ukudla ongaqiniseki ngakho.

Yimiphi imithi yokungezwani nokolweni?

Uma une-allergy encane noma ephakathi, udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-antihistamine noma ama-corticosteroids ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho.

Kodwa uma une -allergy enkulu kakolweni , okusho ukuthi ungaba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-anaphylaxis," udokotela wakho angakunika umjovo we-epinephrine., isibonelo, `(EpiPen®)`, kuthiwa igcinwa eduze ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kungalawula ngokushesha izimpawu ze-`(Anaphylaxis).` Lo mjovo ungangesayizi wepeni elikhulu lokuphawula. Uma ngephutha udla okuthile okuqukethe ukolweni, lokhu kuvame ukufakwa ngemuva kwethanga. Kungumqondo omuhle ukugcina imijovo emibili enjalo eduze ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokujova i-adrenaline?

Izinto ezilandelayo zingenzeka uma uthola umjovo we-adrenaline:

• Ukukhathazeka
• Isiyezi
• Umlomo owomile
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukujuluka okukhulu
• Isicanucanu
• Isilinganiso senhliziyo esigijimayo

Kodwa-ke, uma uthatha lokhu uma une-allergy reaction, uzovame ukuqala ukuzizwa ukhululekile ngokushesha.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokuthatha umuthi?

• Ama-antihistamine aqala ukusebenza zingakapheli imizuzu engama-30, futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu emahoreni ambalwa okuqala.
• Ama-corticosteroids ngokuvamile aqala ukusebenza kungakapheli ihora.
• Umjovo we-adrenaline uqala ukusebenza ngokushesha ngemva kokujova.

Ingabe ukungezwani nokolweni kungavinjelwa?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba ukugwema ngokuphelele ukudla nokusebenzisa izinto eziqukethe ukolweni .

Funda njalo ilebula lezithako emaphaketheni okudla ngokucophelela . Uma ungabaza ngokuthile, kuwukuhlakanipha ukungakusebenzisi uze uqinisekise ukuthi kuyiqiniso kumenzi.

Ungaphila kanjani nokungezwani nokolweni?

Ukuphila nokungezwani komzimba nokolweni kungaba yinselele. Izimpawu zingafika zidlule, ngezinye izikhathi zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Futhi awukwazi ukubikezela ukuthi umzimba wakho uzosabela kanjani.

Kodwa, uma uqaphele, ungaphila impilo evamile nejabulisayo . Udokotela wakho angakunikeza ulwazi oluwusizo, amaqembu okusekelana, kanye nochwepheshe bezokudla. Bangakusiza ukuthi ulungise imikhuba yakho yokudla yansuku zonke.

Izingane zinamathuba amaningi okuba nokungezwani nokolweni kunabantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, cishe u-80% wezingane ukhula edlula kulesi simo eneminyaka engu-16. Yizindaba ezinhle lezo, akunjalo?

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokungezwani nokolweni njalo, noma uma ubona ukuthi lezi zimpawu zenzeka ngemva kokudla okuthile okuqukethe ukolweni, bona udokotela .

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma uqala ukuzwa izimpawu ze-`(Anaphylaxis)` (izimpawu ezinzima esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni), iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha noma ushayele u-911.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Uma ubona udokotela wakho, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ubona kanjani kahle ukuthi nginesifo sokungezwani nokolweni?
• Ingabe nginokugula okuncane, okuphakathi, noma okukhulu?
• Hlobo luni lomuthi oluncomayo?
• Yiluphi uhlu oluphelele lwemiphumela emibi yaleyo mithi?
• Ingabe kukhona amaqembu okusekela abantu abanokungezwani nokolweni noma abazali bezingane ezinokungezwani nokolweni okunjalo?
• Ungamncoma yini uchwepheshe wezokudla omuhle?

Ingabe ukungezwani nokolweni kanye nokungezwani ne-gluten kuyinto efanayo?

Cha, lokhu okubili akufani. Eqinisweni, ayikho into ebizwa ngokuthi "i-gluten allergy" ngokwezokwelapha.

Abantu abaningi babiza isimo esibizwa ngokuthi isifo se-celiac ngokuthi “ukungezwani komzimba ne-gluten.” Isifo se-Celiac yisimo lapho amasosha omzimba wakho elimaza khona amathumbu akho amancane uma udla i-gluten (iphrotheni etholakala kokusanhlamvu okufana nokolweni, ibhali, ne-rye).

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokungezwani nokolweni kanye nokungabekezelelani ne-gluten?

Okwenzekayo ngokungezwani nokolweni ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho asabela ngokweqile uma udla ukolweni.

Ukungabekezelelani ne-gluten kuyinkinga yokugaya ukudla . Kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukugaya i-gluten ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, isicanucanu, kanye nokuqunjelwa. Akuyona into yokungezwani komzimba.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokungezwani nokolweni nesifo se-Celiac?

Laba ababili bavame ukudidaniswa. Kodwa laba ababili bahlukile.

Uma umuntu enokungezwani nokolweni , amasosha omzimba asabela kukolweni kungaba ngezindlela ze-"IgE" noma "ezingezona eze-IgE".

Esifweni se-celiac , isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisabela ngqo ku-gluten . I-Gluten itholakala kukolweni nakwezinye izinhlayiya. Kulesi simo, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela ulwelwesi lwamathumbu akho amancane . Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala kanye nomonakalo ezakhiweni ezincane, ezifana ne-fiber (villi) emathunjini amancane. Lawa ma-villi asiza ekumunceni izakhamzimba ekudleni. Uma lokhu kulimele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udla malini, umzimba wakho awutholi ukudla okwanele, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimo ezifana nokungondleki kahle zingavela.

Ngakho-ke, uyawuthola umqondo? Ukungezwani nokolweni, isifo se-celiac, kanye nokungabekezelelani ne-gluten yizimo ezintathu ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ngempela onayo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu ngokungezwani nokolweni, akunjalo?

• Ukungezwani nokolweni kuyindlela engafuneki amasosha omzimba wakho asabela ngayo kukolweni.
• Izici zalokhuIzimpawu zingasukela ekuqubukeni kwesikhumba, ukucasuka kwesisu, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula kuya ekushayweni yi-anaphylaxis okusongela impilo.
• Bona udokotela wezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile . Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kwesikhumba nokuhlolwa kwegazi.
• Ukuphathwa okuyinhloko kwalokhu ukugwema izinto eziqukethe ukolweni . Funda amalebula okudla ngokucophelela. Qaphela hhayi ngokudla kuphela, kodwa nangeminye imikhiqizo.
• Kulabo abane-allergies enzima , ukugcina umjovo we-adrenaline eduze kungasindisa impilo.
• Izingane eziningi ziyakhula kulesi simo njengoba zikhula , okuyinto futhi ekhululayo.
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho . Bakhona ukuzokusiza.

Ungesabi uma uthola ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani nokolweni. Yebo, kungaba nzima kancane, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokukhetha ukudla. Kodwa, ngokuqwashisa nokunakekela, ungaphila ngempumelelo nalesi simo.

Ukungezwani Nokolweni , Izimpawu Zokungezwani Nokudla, I-Anaphylaxis, I-IgE, Ukungezwani Nokudla, I-Gluten