Iyini i-Yellow Fever? Singaxoxa ngayo kalula nje?

Wake wezwa nge-Yellow Fever? Kubalulekile ukwazi ngayo uma uhlela uhambo oluya e-Afrika noma eNingizimu Melika. Yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esisakazwa omiyane futhi singaba yingozi ngezinye izikhathi. Ake sibheke eminye yemininingwane.

Iyini i-Yellow Fever?

Kalula nje, i-yellow fever yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Sisabalala ngokulunywa uhlobo oluthile lomiyane. Lawa ma-mouse, kanye ne-yellow fever, avame kakhulu ezingxenyeni zase-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo. Cabanga ngomiyane uluma isilwane esinjengenkawu esinaleli gciwane, bese kuthi lapho lowo miyane ufika usilume, sithole lesi sifo.

Igciwane le-Yellow Fever lingabangela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene uma litholakala. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu. Abanye bangase babe nesifo esifana nomkhuhlane esincane esinobuhlungu bomzimba kanye nomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, singabulala. Ungaqala ngomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, bese uba nezinkinga zokopha kanye nesibindi. Izimpawu zivame ukuthatha izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ukuvela.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yi-yellow fever?

I-yellow fever ithinta kakhulu abantu abasebenza futhi abahlala emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. Manje cabanga, uma uhamba usuka eSri Lanka uya ezweni elinjalo, nawe ungasithola lesi sifo ngokulunywa omiyane abaphethe leli gciwane lapho.

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo?

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu ababalelwa ku-200,000 emhlabeni wonke bathola umkhuhlane ophuzi minyaka yonke. Lokhu kubangela ukufa kwabantu ababalelwa ku-30,000 minyaka yonke. Cishe amaphesenti angama-90 ala macala nokufa kubikwe e-Afrika. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi akusona isifo okufanele sithathwe kalula.

Ziyini izimpawu zomkhuhlane ophuzi?

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu abe nomkhuhlane ophuzi ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, zingaba zincane noma zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Izimpawu ezivamile, ezingabangeli zinkinga ezinkulu

Lezi yizimpawu ezingase zivele kuqala:

• Ukuba nomkhuhlane.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele (ukukhathala).
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Izimpawu ezingaba zimbi kakhulu

Kodwa kwabanye abantu, lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu, futhi kungase kube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Umkhuhlane ophakeme kakhulu.
• I-Jaundice - Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhumba sakho kanye namehlo akho amhlophe aphenduka aphuzi. Yingakho ibizwa nangokuthi 'i-yellow fever'.
• Ukopha - Lokhu kusho ukopha ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle komzimba. Kungavela ezinsinini eziphuma igazi, ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni, noma ngisho nokopha igazi ngenkathi uhlanza.
• Ukushaqeka.
• Ukwehluleka kwesibindi.
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso.
• Ngeshwa, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka.

Okubalulekile: Abantu abaphakathi kuka-30% no-60% abathola umkhuhlane ophuzi onzima bangafa, okwenza lokhu kube yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu.

Yini ngempela ebangela umkhuhlane ophuzi?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-yellow fever igciwane. Leli gciwane lisakazwa uhlobo olukhethekile lomiyane engikhulume ngawo ekuqaleni.

I-yellow fever idluliselwa kanjani ngempela?

Umkhuhlane ophuzi udluliselwa ngezinhlobo ezikhethekile zomiyane ezitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo zase-Afrika (e-sub-Saharan Africa) naseNingizimu Melika. Lawa miyane abizwa ngokuthi ama-Aedes nama-Haemagogus . Lawa miyane angathelela umuntu onegciwane lomkhuhlane ophuzi (umuntu noma isilwane njengenkawu) bese eluma umuntu ophilile.

Ingabe i-yellow fever idluliselwa ngqo kusuka komunye umuntu iye komunye?

Cha. Ngisho noma une-yellow fever, awukwazi ukuyidlulisela komunye umuntu ngqo. Isibonelo, ayikwazi ukusabalala ngokukhwehlela noma ngokuqabula. Kodwa-ke, uma umiyane ukuluma ngenkathi ugula bese uluma omunye umuntu, lowo muntu angathola lesi sifo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlala uphephile komiyane noma ngabe ugula.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesi-yellow fever?

Uma uke waya endaweni ene-yellow fever futhi unezimpawu, njengomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi uke waya kuphi, udokotela wakho cishe uzoyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlolwe igciwane egazini lakho. Lena yindlela ongaqinisekisa ngayo ukuthi unesifo noma cha.

Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwe-yellow fever?

Ngeshwa, akukho ukwelashwa noma ikhambi eliqondile lomkhuhlane ophuzi. Yingakho ukugonywa nokugwema omiyane kubaluleke kangaka.

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uphumule ngokwanele futhi uphuze uketshezi oluningi, okuzokusiza uzizwe ungcono. Uma udinga ukuthatha imithi yobuhlungu, bazokutshela ukuthi ungasebenzisi i-aspirin noma imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID), engabangela ukopha, ngenxa yengozi yokopha ngenxa yomkhuhlane ophuzi.

Uma unesimo esibi se-jaundice, kuzodingeka nakanjani ulaliswe esibhedlela. Lapho, ukwelashwa kusekelwe ezimpawini, isibonelo, ukunciphisa umthelela esibindini nasezinso, nokulawula amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni.

Ngakho-ke, ungayigwema kanjani i-yellow fever?

Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ku-yellow fever ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever othize.

• Uma uya endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi ine-yellow fever, kufanele uthole lo muthi wokugoma amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane ngaphambi kohambo lwakho . Kubantu abaningi, umthamo owodwa womuthi wokugoma unikeza isivikelo sokuphila konke.

Kunezinye izinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze ugweme omiyane:

• Sebenzisa isixosha omiyane esine-DEET . Kukhona esigcotshwa esikhumbeni noma esifuthwa ezingutsheni.
• Gqoka amabhulukwe amade, amahembe anemikhono emide, kanye namasokisi. Kungcono ukugqoka izingubo eziye zalashwa ukuxosha omiyane uma kungenzeka.
• Uma indawo ohlala kuyo ingenazo izikrini emafasiteleni noma e-AC, sebenzisa inethi yomiyane uma ulele.
• Gwema ukuphuma ngesikhathi sonyaka womiyane odla isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuvame ukusho kusukela kusihlwa kuze kube sekuseni. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo lomiyane oludlulisela i-yellow fever lungaluma nasemini, ngakho-ke kungcono njalo ukuqaphela.
• Uma kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi une-yellow fever, qhubeka nokufihla. Ngoba uma umiyane ukuluma bese lowo miyane uluma omunye umuntu, lowo muntu angase abe negciwane, akunjalo?

Uhlobo luni lwesimo umuntu one-yellow fever angalulindela?

Uma unesimo esincane se-yellow fever, izimpawu zakho zivame ukuphela cishe ngesonto. Kodwa ungase uzizwe ukhathele futhi ubuthakathaka isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto. Uma usululame ngokuphelele, uzoba nokuzivikela komzimba wonke ku-yellow fever. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uphinde uthole i-yellow fever.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela mayelana nomkhuhlane ophuzi?

Uma uke waya e-Afrika noma eNingizimu Melika futhi unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma ubuhlungu bomzimba, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.

Futhi, uma usuvele uqinisekisiwe ukuthi une-yellow fever, kulungile ukwazisa udokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho zintsha noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu.

Ingabe i-yellow fever kanye ne-malaria kuyisifo esifanayo?

Cha, i-yellow fever kanye ne-malaria yizifo ezimbili ezahlukene. Kodwa zinokufana okuncane:

• Zombili zisakazwa omiyane.
• Kokubili kubangela umkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.
• Kokubili kungabangela i-jaundice, ukugula okubi, ngisho nokufa.

Kodwa kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili:

• Umalaleveva ubangelwa yi-parasite , kodwa umkhuhlane ophuzi ubangelwa yigciwane.
• Izinhlobo zomiyane ezisabalalisa umalaleveva zihlukile kunezinhlobo zomiyane ezisabalalisa umkhuhlane ophuzi.
• Kukhona umuthi wokugomela ukuvimbela i-yellow fever, kodwa awukabi khona umuthi wokugomela ukuvimbela i-malaria. Uma uya endaweni lapho i-malaria ivame khona, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngemithi yokuvimbela.

Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani ubhubhane lwe-yellow fever luqhubeka e-United States?

Umkhuhlane ophuzi ubulokhu uvame e-United States kusukela ngawo-1600. Esinye seziqhumane ezimbi kakhulu senzeka ePhiladelphia ngo-1793, lapho cishe u-10% wabantu baleli dolobha babulawa umkhuhlane ophuzi. Kube nezinye iziqhumane, kodwa ubhubhane lokugcina olukhulu lomkhuhlane ophuzi e-United States lwenzeka eNew Orleans ngo-1905.

Lokhu kusisiza siqonde ukuthi lesi sifo singaba yingozi kangakanani, ngisho noma sibheka umlando.

Kungani lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi "i-yellow fever"?

Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-yellow fever' ngoba uma lesi sifo sivela, abanye abantu baba ne-jaundice. Bese isikhumba siba phuzi. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo sibangela nomkhuhlane, bobabili bahlangene ndawonye bakha igama elithi 'Yellow Fever'. Kulula, akunjalo?

Ingabe i-yellow fever isekhona emhlabeni namuhla?

Yebo, nakanjani. Leli gciwane lisasebenza ezingxenyeni ezithile zase-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. Akukaze kube nobhubhane olukhulu eMelika kusukela ngo-1905. Kodwa uma abantu abafana nathi eSri Lanka beya kulawo mazwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu futhi bathathe izinyathelo zokuphepha.

Okokugcina, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule

I-Yellow Fever yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esisakazwa omiyane futhi esitholakala ezingxenyeni ezithile zase-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. Ngezinye izikhathi singabulala. Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi singavinjelwa ngokuphelele ngokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Yellow Fever.

Khumbula:

• Uma uya ezweni elinjengaleli, goma ngaphambi kokuba uhambe.
• Sebenzisa isixosha omiyane futhi ugqoke izingubo ezimboza umzimba kahle.
• Izinhlelo zokulawula omiyane ziyaqaliswa kwezinye izindawo.
• Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuya endaweni enomkhuhlane ophuzi, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

I-yellow fever ayisona isifo sesikhathi esidlule, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu kithi sonke ukuba siyiqaphele.

Umkhuhlane Ophuzi , Omiyane, Igciwane, Umuthi Wokugoma, i-Afrika, iNingizimu Melika, I-Jaundice, Izimpawu, Ukuvimbela