Shin kun taɓa ganin rahoton gwajin jini wanda ya nuna ƙaramin matakin cholesterol ? Ko kuma kun taɓa jin wani ɗan uwa ko aboki yana magana game da wannan? A gaskiya ma, wannan abin da mutane da yawa a ƙasarmu suka saba gani ne. Wasu mutane suna ɗaukar wannan a matsayin wani abu mai matuƙar tsanani kuma suna jin tsoro, yayin da wasu kuma suke ɗaukarsa da wasa, suna tunanin, "Wani abu ne da ke faruwa da kowa." Menene ainihin wannan babban cholesterol, ko abin da likitoci ke kira hyperlipidemia? Bari mu yi magana game da wannan a sauƙaƙe, ba tare da wata tsoro ko shakku ba.
A taƙaice dai, menene sinadarin hyperlipidemia?
Mai sauƙi. Hyperlipidemia shine lokacin da kitse, ko lipids, a cikin jininka ya fi yadda aka saba. Wasu mutane kuma suna kiran wannan dyslipidemia. Yanzu kuna iya tunanin, "Oh, ina ƙara kitse da yawa." Kada ku damu, bari mu yi ƙarin bayani game da wannan.
Cholesterol wani nau'in kitse ne da ke da mahimmanci ga jikinmu. Hantarmu tana samar da wannan cholesterol ta halitta. Shin ka san dalili? Muna buƙatar wannan cholesterol don taimaka mana mu narke abincin da muke ci da kuma yin abubuwa da yawa masu mahimmanci, kamar hormones.
Amma matsalar ta fara ne a nan. Baya ga yawan sinadarin cholesterol da muke buƙata daga hanta, muna kuma samun ƙarin sinadarin cholesterol daga abincin da muke ci, musamman abincin dabbobi kamar nama, madara, man shanu, da cuku. Matsalar tana farawa ne lokacin da jiki ya tara sinadarin cholesterol fiye da yadda yake buƙata.
Ka yi tunanin cewa jijiyoyin jininmu suna kama da hanyoyin ƙasarmu. Jini shine ababen hawa da ke tafiya a waɗannan hanyoyin. Lokacin da cholesterol ya ƙaru, kamar yadda ƙura, shara, da duwatsu ke taruwa a kan hanyoyi suka toshe su, wannan kitse yana taruwa a cikin jijiyoyin jini kuma yana fara toshe kwararar jini. A fannin magani, muna kiran wannan da ''(Atherosclerosis)''.
Idan aka samu matsala a yadda ake gudanar da jini, muhimman gabobin jiki kamar zuciyarmu da kwakwalwarmu ba sa samun iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da suke buƙata. A nan ne babban haɗarin ya ke.
Menene labarin cholesterol "mai kyau" da cholesterol "mara kyau"?
Wataƙila kun ji labarin "kyakkyawan cholesterol" da " mummunan cholesterol ." Wataƙila kun ga dabi'u uku ko huɗu a cikin gwajin jininku: `LDL, `HDL, da `Triglycerides.' Bari mu fahimci wannan da misali mai sauƙi.
Ka yi tunanin cholesterol a matsayin fasinjoji da ke tafiya a kan hanyar jini. Waɗannan fasinjoji ba za su iya tafiya su kaɗai ba, suna tafiya a cikin nau'ikan motoci na musamman. Muna kiran waɗannan motocin da lipoproteins.
| Nau'in cholesterol | Kawai a ce... | Abubuwan da za a tuna |
|---|---|---|
| LDL (Ƙarancin Lipoprotein Mai Yawan Yawa) | Wannan shine "mummunan" cholesterol. Ka yi tunaninsa kamar babbar mota da ke karyewa a tsakiyar hanya. Tana ɗauke da cholesterol daga hanta ta kuma ajiye shi a bangon jijiyoyin jininka. Girman wannan, da yawan yuwuwar toshewar jijiyoyin jininka. | Ya fi kyau a rage wannan ƙimar. Gabaɗaya, ya fi kyau a ajiye ta ƙasa da 130 mg/dL. |
| HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) | Wannan shine gwarzon labarinmu, wato "kyakkyawan" cholesterol. Kamar motar ja ce da ke share motoci da suka makale a kan hanya. Abin da HDL ke yi shi ne ɗaukar cholesterol da ba a so wanda ya taru a cikin jijiyoyin jikinka sannan ya kai shi hanta don ya lalace. | Ya fi kyau a kiyaye wannan ƙimar a sama . Yawanci, ya kamata ya kasance sama da 40 mg/dL. Duk wani abu sama da 60 yana da kyau. |
| Triglycerides | Wannan wani nau'in kitse ne da ake samu a cikin jini. Haka jiki ke adana ƙarin adadin kuzari daga abincin da muke ci. Ƙara yawan wannan wani dalili ne na toshewar jijiyoyin jini. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman idan aka ci sukari, gari, da abinci mai mai yawa. | Ya kamata a kiyaye wannan ƙimar ƙasa . Gabaɗaya, ya fi kyau idan ƙasa da 150 mg/dL ne. |
Yanzu kun fahimci cewa matsalar ba wai kawai "cholesterol" ba ce, amma rashin daidaito tsakanin nau'ikan "mai kyau" da "mara kyau".
Me ke faruwa da jiki idan cholesterol ya ƙaru? Akwai wasu alamu?
Wannan shine abu mafi haɗari game da wannan yanayin kuma abin da ya kamata mu kula da shi. Idan cholesterol ya yi yawa, babu alamun cutar a farkon matakan. Ba ka jin zafi ko rashin jin daɗi. Shi ya sa mutane da yawa ba su san matakan cholesterol ɗinsu ba.
Amma lalacewar da ke fitowa daga ciki tana ƙaruwa a hankali. Kitse yana taruwa a cikin jijiyoyin jini, yana rage hanyar da jini ke bi. Idan wannan ya ci gaba tsawon shekaru, wata rana, wani abu mai kama da plaque zai iya fashewa ba zato ba tsammani, ya samar da gudan jini wanda zai iya toshe jijiyoyin jini gaba ɗaya.
- Idan toshewar ta faru a cikin jijiyar da ke isar da jini zuwa zuciya, hakan yana haifar da bugun zuciya .
- Idan ya faru a cikin jijiyoyin jini da ke isar da jini ga kwakwalwa, yana haifar da bugun jini .
Shi ya sa ake kiran cholesterol "maƙiyi mai shiru." Lokacin da alamun suka bayyana, lalacewar ta riga ta ƙare. Shi ya sa yake da mahimmanci a yi gwajin jininka akai- akai , maimakon jira alamun su bayyana.
Ba kasafai ake samun mutanen da ke fama da hypercholesterolemia na iyali ba, suna iya samun ƙusoshin kitse masu launin rawaya a fata (xanthomas) ko kuma farin zobe a kusa da cornea (corneal arcus), amma wannan ba kasafai ake samunsa ba.
Me yasa wannan cholesterol ke ƙaruwa? Menene abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗari?
Babu wani dalili guda ɗaya da ke haifar da yawan sinadarin cholesterol, amma abubuwa da yawa na iya taimakawa wajen hakan. Wasu abubuwan da za mu iya sarrafawa, wasu kuma ba za mu iya ba.
Abubuwan da za mu iya canza salon rayuwa:
- Cin abinci mara kyau: Cin mai da yawa, sukari, gishiri, da abinci da aka sarrafa. Musamman abinci mai ɗauke da kitse mai yawa da kitsen trans (kayayyakin burodi, abinci mai sauri).
- Rashin motsa jiki: Zama a wuri ɗaya a mafi yawan rana, ba tare da yin wani motsa jiki ga jiki ba.
- Shan taba : Shan taba yana rage yawan cholesterol mai kyau (HDL) kuma yana lalata jijiyoyin jini.
- Shan barasa fiye da kima: Wannan kuma yana iya ƙara yawan cholesterol da triglyceride.
- Kiba: Yawan nauyin jiki babban abin da ke haifar da haɗari ne.
- Damuwa: Damuwa ta dogon lokaci kuma tana iya shafar matakan cholesterol a kaikaice.
Wasu dalilan lafiya da ba mu da iko a kansu:
- Kwayar Halitta: Idan wani a cikin iyalinka yana da yawan cholesterol ko cututtukan zuciya, kai ma kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar.
- Shekaru:Akwai dabi'ar halitta ta yadda matakan cholesterol ke ƙaruwa yayin da muke tsufa.
- Sauran cututtuka: Yanayi kamar ciwon suga, hypothyroidism, cutar koda, da cutar hanta suma suna iya haifar da yawan cholesterol.
- Wasu magunguna: Wasu magunguna don hawan jini (Beta-blockers, diuretics), da magungunan hormonal suma suna iya haifar da canje-canje a matakan cholesterol.
Yaya ake sanin matakin cholesterol?
Wannan abu ne mai sauƙi. Likitan ku zai nemi ku yi gwajin jini da ake kira 'Lipid Profile' (wani lokaci ana kiransa 'Fasting Lipid Profile'). Wannan ya ƙunshi yin azumi na kimanin awanni 8-12 (shan ruwa kawai) sannan a ba da samfurin jini.
Daga wannan rahoton, naku,
- Jimlar Cholesterol
- LDL (mummunan cholesterol)
- HDL (mai kyau cholesterol)
- Triglycerides
Likitan zai sami cikakken bayani game da kowace ƙima. Bayan haka, idan aka yi la'akari da komai kamar shekarunka, sauran yanayin lafiya, da tarihin iyali, zai tantance ƙimar haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini kuma ya ba ka shawarar da ta dace.
Me ya kamata mu yi don rage cholesterol?
Labari mai daɗi shine cewa cholesterol wani abu ne da za mu iya sarrafa shi sosai. Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu na yin hakan.
1. Canje-canje a Rayuwa
Wannan shine mataki na farko kuma mafi mahimmanci a magani. Wani lokaci, idan matakan cholesterol ɗinka ba su da yawa sosai, za ka iya sarrafa su ta hanyar yin waɗannan canje-canjen.
- Abincin da ke da lafiya ga zuciya:
- Ku ci ƙarin kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, wake, da hatsi gaba ɗaya (shinkafa mai launin ruwan kasa, hatsi).
- Rage cin abinci mai mai, soyayyen abinci, abinci mai sauri, kek, da biskit gwargwadon iko.
- Maimakon kitsen dabbobi (jan nama, man shanu, cuku), ƙara abinci mai ɗauke da kitse mai kyau kamar kifi (kamar kifi salmon, mackerel, sardines), goro (cashews, gyada), da avocado a cikin abincinku.
- Rage yawan amfani da gishiri da sukari.
- Motsa jiki akai-akai:
- Shiga cikin motsa jiki kamar tafiya mai sauri, gudu, hawa keke, ko yin iyo na tsawon akalla mintuna 30 a rana, aƙalla kwanaki 5 a mako.
- Kula da lafiyayyen nauyi:
- Tambayi likitanka game da nauyin da ya dace da tsayinka. Idan kana da kiba, yi ƙoƙarin rage kiba a hankali.
- Kauracewa shan taba gaba ɗaya:
- Idan kai mai shan taba ne, daina shan taba shine mafi kyawun shawara da zaka iya yankewa don lafiyarka.
- Iyakance barasa.
2. Magani
Idan canje-canje a salon rayuwa kaɗai ba zai iya rage yawan cholesterol ɗinka ba, ko kuma idan kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya, likitanka zai rubuta maka magani.
Statins su ne manyan magungunan da aka fi amfani da su don rage cholesterol. Waɗannan magungunan suna aiki ta hanyar rage samar da cholesterol ta hanta da kuma hanzarta cire mummunan cholesterol (LDL) daga jini.
Lokacin fara wannan maganin, wasu mutane na iya fuskantar ƙananan sakamako kamar ciwon tsoka. Idan haka ta faru, kada ku daina shan maganin ku sanar da likitan ku nan da nan. Zai daidaita maganin ko kuma ya canza adadin da ya dace da ku. Kada ku daina shan maganin da kanku.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Ciwon suga (hyperlipidemia) yanayi ne da ba ya nuna wata alama a farkon matakai. Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci a riƙa gwada jinin mutum akai-akai bayan shekaru 30-40, ba tare da jiran alamun su bayyana ba.
- Wannan ba abu ne da za a ji tsoro ba, abu ne da za a iya sarrafa shi sosai. Babban abu shine a jajirce a kai.
- Cin abinci mai kyau da motsa jiki akai-akai su ne manyan matakai na rage yawan sinadarin cholesterol.
- Idan likitanka ya rubuta maka magani, ka sha shi kamar yadda aka rubuta maka, na tsawon lokacin da aka tsara. Kada ka daina shan maganin saboda tsoron illa, ka yi magana da likitanka game da shi.
- Rage sinadarin cholesterol ba abu ne na ɗan gajeren lokaci ba. Wannan dabi'a ce mai kyau da ya kamata ka kiyaye a tsawon rayuwarka.
👩🏽⚕️ Ƙarin tambayoyi (Tambayoyi akai-akai)
💬 🩺 Menene wannan gwajin bayanin martaba na Lipid?
Ana yin wannan ne domin auna matakan cholesterol a cikin jininmu. Akwai manyan abubuwa guda huɗu: LDL (mummunan cholesterol), HDL (mai kyau cholesterol), triglycerides, da jimlar cholesterol. Wannan gwajin shine hanya mafi kyau don sanin tabbas idan kuna da babban cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia).
💬 🥣 Shin ina buƙatar yin azumi kafin in yi gwajin lipid profile?
Eh, yawanci dole ne ka yi azumi na kimanin awanni 10-12. Amma za ka iya shan ruwa. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce cin abincin dare ka yi gwajin washegari da safe. Ta haka za ka iya sa ido sosai kan matakin kitse a cikin jininka. Akwai ƙarin bayani game da wannan a cikin labarinmu.
💬 📉 Me zai faru idan ƙimar da ke cikin rahoton bayanin martaba na lipid ta ƙaru?
Idan ƙimar da ke cikin rahoton ta yi yawa, hakan yana nufin cewa kuna iya samun hyperlipidemia. Wannan yana nufin akwai kitse da yawa a cikin jini. Idan wannan ya ci gaba, kitse na iya taruwa a cikin jijiyoyin jini kuma yana haifar da cututtuka kamar bugun zuciya. Don haka, ci gaba da karanta labarinmu don ƙarin koyo game da wannan ta hanya mai sauƙi!
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