Ua ʻōlelo anei kāu kauka iā ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi hoʻāʻo ANA? Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe i kahi makaʻu a me ka hopohopo i kāna ʻōlelo ʻana i kēlā. He mea maʻamau no nā nīnau e like me "He aha kēia hoʻāʻo?", "He aha ka mea e nānā ai?", "E maʻi nui anei au inā maikaʻi ka hōʻike?" e noʻonoʻo. Akā, mai hopohopo. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou ma ke ʻano maʻalahi a aloha hoʻi e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia hoʻāʻo ANA, no ke aha i hana ʻia ai, a pehea e wehewehe ai i kāna hōʻike.
ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā kākou i ke ʻano o kēia ANA.
I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, pono mua kākou e ʻike iki e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko kākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōnaehana pale . E noʻonoʻo ua like ko kākou kino me kahi ʻāina. A laila, ʻo kēia ʻōnaehana pale ka pūʻali koa ma ia ʻāina. Ke komo nā ʻenemi haole, e like me nā virus a me nā bacteria , i loko o ke kino, ʻike kēia pūʻali koa iā lākou, hoʻouka iā lākou, a luku iā lākou.
He hui kūikawā nā antibodies o nā koa i loko o kēia pūʻali koa. Ua like lākou me kahi pepa hoʻolaha "WANTED" no nā mākaʻi. ʻO kā lākou hana ke ʻike i ka ʻenemi i komo i loko o ke kino a hāʻawi iā lākou i nā keʻena palekana ʻē aʻe.
Akā i kekahi manawa hana hewa iki kā mākou pale ʻana. Ma kahi o nā mea hoʻouka kaua haole, kuhihewa lākou i kā mākou mau cell olakino ponoʻī no nā "ʻenemi." A laila hoʻomaka kā mākou mau pale ponoʻī e hoʻouka i kā mākou mau cell ponoʻī. Penei mākou e kapa ai i nā antibodies hewa i hana ʻia e kūʻē i kā mākou mau cell ponoʻī , he autoantibodies .
ʻO nā Antibodies Antinuclear (ANA) kekahi ʻano o ka autoantibody. E like me ka huaʻōlelo "nuclear" ma ko lākou inoa e hōʻike nei, ʻo kā lākou pahuhopu nui ka ʻāpana "lolo" o kā mākou mau cell, ʻo ia ka "nucleus" . ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nui o kēia ANA i loko o ke koko he hōʻailona ia e loaʻa paha iā mākou kahi maʻi autoimmune , kahi kūlana e hakakā nei ko mākou kino ponoʻī iā ia iho.
No ke aha e ʻōlelo ai ke kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo ANA?
Inā kānalua kāu kauka he maʻi autoimmune kou ma muli o kekahi mau hōʻailona āu e loaʻa nei (no ka laʻana, ʻeha mau o nā hono , nā ʻulaʻula ʻili, ka luhi nui), hiki iā lākou ke kauoha i kahi hoʻāʻo ANA e hōʻoia a kāpae paha i ka hiki.
Aia ma lalo iho kekahi o nā kūlana olakino nui e hiki ai i ka hoʻāʻo ANA ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana.
| Kūlana | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi... |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka Lupus Erythematosus Pūnaehana (SLE) - ka maʻi Lupus | He ʻano paʻakikī ia e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā ʻano kino like ʻole o ke kino, e like me ka ʻili, nā hono, nā puʻupaʻa, a me ka lolo. |
| ʻO ka maʻi Sjögren | He kūlana e hoʻoulu nui ai i nā maka maloʻo a me ka waha. |
| ʻO ka ʻeha koko | ʻO ka mānoanoa a me ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili ka hōʻailona nui, a hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā ʻōpū o loko. |
| ʻO ka Polymyositis a i ʻole Dermatomyositis | He kūlana e hoʻonāwaliwali ai nā ʻiʻo a me ka mumū. |
| ʻO ka maʻi pili pili i hui pū ʻia (MCTD) | ʻO kahi kūlana e hoʻohui pū i nā hōʻailona o kekahi mau maʻi, e like me lupus a me scleroderma. |
Eia kekahi, hiki ke maikaʻi ka hoʻāʻo ANA i kekahi mau maʻi kanesa.
Pehea e hana ʻia ai kēia hoʻāʻo? He ʻeha anei?
He maʻalahi loa ia. Ua like ia me ka wā e hāʻawi ai ʻoe i ke koko. Lawe kahi kahu maʻi a phlebotomist paha i kahi hāpana koko liʻiliʻi mai kahi aa koko ma kou lima. ʻAʻole ia e hala i hoʻokahi minute. A laila kau lākou i kahi kāʻei liʻiliʻi ma kahi. ʻO ia wale nō. ʻO ia wale nō kāu e hana ai.
A laila, i loko o ka hale hana, e nānā kekahi kauka maʻi i kāu hāpana koko me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻano hana kūikawā. ʻO ke ʻano hana maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) . Pili kēia i ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i kāu hāpana koko me ANA, kahi i hana ʻia e ʻālohilohi ma lalo o kahi microscope kūikawā. A laila kākau ʻia ka hōʻike ma ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻālohilohi.
Pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo?
E loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo i loko o kekahi mau lā. ʻEkolu paha ʻāpana nui o ia mea. E hoʻomaopopo kākou iā lākou pākahi ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi.
| ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka hōʻike | He aha ka ʻōlelo a kēlā? |
|---|---|
| Wehewehena (Maikaʻi / Maikaʻi ʻole) | ʻO kēia ka mea maʻamau loa. Inā paha e ʻike ʻia ka ANA i loko o kou koko. Inā ʻike ʻia, e helu ʻia ʻo ia he "Positive". A i ʻole, e helu ʻia ʻo ia he "Negative". |
| Ka Heluhelu ʻana o ka Titer (ka nui) | Inā maikaʻi ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻo ka mea aʻe e nānā ai, ʻo ia ka nui o kēia mau antibodies i loaʻa. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ma nā lakio e like me 1:40, 1:80, 1:160, 1:320. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lakio, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka antibody. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka likelika o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi autoimmune. |
| ʻAno hoʻohālike fluorescent | Hiki i ke kauka ke loaʻa kekahi mau hōʻailona mai ke ʻano o ka ʻālohilohi ʻana o ka nucleus cell ma lalo o ka microscope, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke "pattern". No ka laʻana, aia nā ʻano like ʻole e like me "Homogenous", "Speckled", "Centromere". He kikoʻī kekahi mau ʻano i kekahi mau maʻi. He paʻakikī iki kēia, no laila e wehewehe kāu kauka iā ʻoe. |
Pono ʻoe e makaʻu inā hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻoe he ANA?
Eia ka mea nui loa. ʻOiai he maikaʻi ka hoʻāʻo ANA, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi autoimmune kou 100% o ka manawa. E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo 3 wale nō o 10 mau kānaka olakino me ka maʻi ʻole e loaʻa kahi hoʻāʻo ANA maikaʻi. He mea maʻamau kēlā.
Aia paha kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe i maikaʻi ai ka hoʻāʻo ANA.
- Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e like me ka maʻi palū maʻamau.
- Ma muli o kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai.
- Hiki i ka ANA ke lilo i maikaʻi i kekahi manawa me ka makahiki.
No laila, inā maikaʻi kāu hoʻāʻo ANA, e noʻonoʻo wale kāu kauka he ʻāpana hoʻokahi ia o ka puzzle. E noʻonoʻo ʻo ia i kāu mau hōʻailona, nā hopena hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe, a me kēia hōʻike ANA, a laila e hiki mai i kahi hopena hope loa. Hiki iā ia ke paipai i nā hoʻāʻo koko kikoʻī ʻē aʻe (e.g. anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm) e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kūlana.
No laila, he mea hana waiwai nui ka hoʻāʻo ANA e kōkua i nā kauka e ʻike i nā maʻi autoimmune . Akā, mai hopohopo iā ʻoe iho ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ka hōʻike. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā nīnau a kānalua paha āu. E wehewehe ʻo ia i nā mea āpau iā ʻoe a hāʻawi i ke alakaʻi e pono ai.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi ka hoʻāʻo ANA e kōkua ai i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi autoimmune .
- Pili kēia i kahi ʻano antibody i hana ʻia e kūʻē i nā pūnaewele ponoʻī o ko mākou kino ponoʻī.
- ʻOiai he "maikaʻi" ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi. Hiki i nā kānaka olakino ke hoʻāʻo maikaʻi.
- He mea nui nā ʻāpana ʻekolu o ka hōʻike: ka hopena (Positive/Negative), ka nui o nā antibodies (Titer), a me ke ʻano ʻālohilohi (Pattern).
- E kūkākūkā mau i kāu hōʻike hoʻāʻo a me nā mea e hana ai me kāu kauka . Mai hoʻoholo i kāu iho a makaʻu pono ʻole paha.
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