Ke ʻike nei hoʻi ʻoe i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, kahi ʻeha wela i loko o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka gastritis ke lawe ʻoe i nā lāʻau ʻeha i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka no ka ʻeha hui, ʻeha kua, a i ʻole nā ʻeha ʻē aʻe? He pilikia maʻamau kēia no nā poʻe he nui. He mea hoʻonāukiuki loa ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pilikia ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha. Akā ua ʻike anei ʻoe aia kekahi papa kūikawā o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hōʻemi i kēia ʻeha ʻōpū a kāohi i ka ʻeha? ʻO kēlā papa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ua kapa ʻia ʻo COX-2 inhibitors . I kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kēlā.
He aha nā mea hoʻopale COX-2? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou.
ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2 he lālā ia o ka ʻohana like o nā lāʻau hoʻomaha ʻeha i ʻike ʻia ʻo NSAID (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs) . ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e hoʻohana pinepine ai, e like me Ibuprofen , Diclofenac, a me Naproxen , no kēia hui o NSAID. ʻO ka hana nui o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻeha, hoʻemi i ka pehu, a hoʻemi i ke kuni.
No laila he aha ka mea kūikawā e pili ana i kēia mau mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2? No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēlā, pono mua mākou e nānā i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kahi NSAID maʻamau i loko o ko mākou kino.
ʻO nā "limahana" ʻelua i loko o ko kākou kino: COX-1 a me COX-2
E noʻonoʻo i loko o ko kākou kino aia kekahi ʻano enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo Cyclooxygenase ( COX ). Ua like kēia me nā limahana liʻiliʻi e hana ana i nā hana like ʻole i loko o ko kākou kino. ʻElua ʻano nui o kēia mau limahana COX.
1. COX-1: He mea hana "maikaʻi" kēia. ʻO kāna hana nui ka pale ʻana i ka uhi o ko kākou ʻōpū a me nā naʻau. Kōkua ia i ka hana ʻana i kahi papa pale e pale i ka ʻōpū mai nā waikawa digestive i loko o ka meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai a inu ai. Pili pū ia i ke kaʻina hana hoʻopaʻa koko .
2. COX-2: ʻO kēia ka mea pinepine "mea hoʻopilikia." Ke loaʻa kahi ʻeha, maʻi, a i ʻole ka pōʻino i ko mākou kino, hele ia i laila a hana i nā kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo prostaglandins . ʻO kēia mau prostaglandins ke kumu o ka ʻeha, ka pehu, a me ke kuni. ʻOiai he hana pale maoli kēia i loko o ke kino, i nā maʻi maʻi e like me ka arthritis, hoʻomau kēia hana i ka hana ʻeha.
E nānā, ke lawe mākou i kahi NSAID maʻamau e like me Ibuprofen, komo kēlā lāʻau i loko o ke kino a ālai i ke kanaka maikaʻi (COX-1) a me ke kanaka ʻino (COX-2), ʻo ia hoʻi, ua pau kā lāua hana ʻelua. Ma muli o ke ālai ʻia ʻana o COX-2, ua emi ka ʻeha a me ka pehu. He mea maikaʻi kēlā. Akā, no ka mea ua ālai ʻia ʻo COX-1, ua pau pū ka pale ʻana o ka ʻōpū, a ua piʻi aʻe ka manawa kūpono o ka mumū ʻōpū, ka gastritis, a me nā ʻōpū ʻōpū.
No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia pilikia, ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2. Ua like kēia mau lāʻau me nā snipers. Ke komo lākou i loko o ke kino, kuhikuhi pololei lākou i ka mea hana COX-2 hoʻopilikia. ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia ka mea hana maikaʻi ʻo COX-1 i kekahi mea. Hana wale ia i kāna hana.
No laila, ʻoiai ke hoʻomau nei ka pale ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ʻo ka enzyme COX-2 wale nō, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻeha a me ka mumū, ua kāohi ʻia. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi nui o nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2, ʻo ia ke kāohi ʻana i ka ʻeha me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū.
He aha nā kūlana e hoʻohana nui ʻia ai nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2?
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e nā kauka no nā ʻano ʻeha a me nā ʻano mumū like ʻole. Aia ma lalo kekahi o nā mea nui.
| Kūlana olakino | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka ʻeha puʻuwai | ʻEha a me ka pehu ʻana o nā hono i ka wā e pau ai ke aʻalolo ma waena o nā hono me ka ʻelemakule a i ʻole no nā kumu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ia i nā hono e like me nā kuli a me nā pūhaka. |
| ʻO ka ʻāʻī rheumatoid | He mumū mau loa a me ka ʻeha nui e kū mai ana i ka wā e hoʻouka ai kahi kīnā i loko o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino i nā hono. |
| ʻO ka ʻāʻī ʻōpiopio | Nā maʻi Arthritic i nā keiki ʻōpio. |
| ʻO ka Spondylitis Ankylosing | He maʻi ia e hoʻopehu ai i nā hono o ka iwi kuamoʻo a, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, e hui pū ai, e hoʻopōʻino ai. |
| ʻEha o ka Menstrual / Dysmenorrhea | No ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha nui o ka ʻōpū haʻahaʻa e pili ana i ka menstruation i nā wahine. |
| ʻEha pōkole | Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia no ka ʻeha pōkole, e like me nā ʻeha haʻuki, ka ʻeha ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana, a me ka ʻeha ma hope o ka unuhi ʻana o ka niho. |
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e like me ka gout a me ka migraine, ma ka manaʻo o ke kauka.
He aha nā mea hoʻopale COX-2 i hoʻohana ʻia ma Sri Lanka a me ke ao holoʻokoʻa?
ʻO Celecoxib ka mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2 i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ka honua a ma Sri Lanka. Ua lohe paha ʻoe iā ia ma lalo o ka inoa inoa ʻo Celebrex® .
Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻopale COX-2 ʻē aʻe e like me Etoricoxib (Arcoxia®) a me Parecoxib (Dynastat®) ma nā ʻāina like ʻole a puni ka honua.
Akā, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kēia. I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua kūʻai ʻia aku nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2 ʻē aʻe, e like me Rofecoxib (Vioxx®) a me Valdecoxib (Bextra®) . Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ma hope mai ua hoʻonui nui kēia mau lāʻau i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi. Ua hoʻoulu pū lākou i kekahi poʻe e loaʻa i nā maʻi ʻili koʻikoʻi. No kēia mau kumu, ua lawe ʻia kēia mau lāʻau mai ka mākeke.
ʻO ka haʻawina koʻikoʻi loa hiki iā kākou ke aʻo mai kēia mau hanana, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia kekahi lāʻau ʻeha no ka wā lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka . Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lāʻau kona mau pono a me nā pilikia. ʻO kāu kauka wale nō ke koho i ka lāʻau kūpono a palekana loa nāu.
Pehea e lawe ai au i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau? Pehea ka lōʻihi e lawe ai au?
ʻO ka maʻamau, hele mai nā mea hoʻopale COX-2 i ke ʻano o nā pila, akā hiki ke loaʻa pū kekahi ma ke ʻano he hopena waha.
Hoʻomaka ka ʻeha e emi iho i loko o hoʻokahi hola o ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau.Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hala i kekahi mau lā e ʻike ai i nā pono anti-inflammatory piha, e like me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka pehu.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o kou lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i kou kūlana olakino.
- No ka ʻeha pōkole (e like me kekahi mau lā a ʻelua pule paha): Manaʻo mau ʻia e lawe i ka mahele lāʻau haʻahaʻa loa no ka manawa pōkole loa .
- No kahi maʻi lōʻihi e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻai: E nānā kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino piha, nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe ai, a me nā hopena hoʻāʻo koko inā pono, e hoʻoholo ai inā palekana iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka lawe mau ʻana i ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka, e like me ke kauoha, a no ka lōʻihi i kuhikuhi ʻia. Inā he mau hopohopo kāu, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka nui.
He aha nā pilikia a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2?
E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia ka emi ʻana o ko lākou hopena ma ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū. Akā, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻohe pilikia. Hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai ke lawe ʻia i nā nui kiʻekiʻe a no ka manawa lōʻihi.
ʻO nā pilikia nui ʻelua:
1. Ka pilikia o nā hōʻeha puʻuwai a me nā hahau: Hiki i nā NSAID āpau, me nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2, ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o nā hōʻeha puʻuwai a me nā hahau i kekahi ʻano. ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia pilikia i ka poʻe i loaʻa mua nā kumu pilikia no ka maʻi puʻuwai, e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe.
2. Nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū: ʻOiai ʻaʻole i maʻamau ma mua o nā NSAID maʻamau, hiki i nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2 ke hoʻoulu i ke kahe koko o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻeha i kekahi poʻe. Kiʻekiʻe loa kēia pilikia i ka poʻe ʻelemakule a me ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hoʻoulu ai i ka mumū o ka ʻōpū.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe:
| ʻŌnaehana kino | Nā hopena ʻaoʻao hiki ke loaʻa |
|---|---|
| ʻŌnaehana hoʻoheheʻe | Pehu, ʻeha ʻōpū, nausea, luaʻi, diarrhea, constipation, a me ka heartburn. |
| Puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko | Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Hypertension), ka puʻuwai wikiwiki a ʻano ʻole paha (Palpitations), kākaʻikahi ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana. |
| nā puʻupaʻa | Ka emi ʻana o ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa, ka pehu ʻana o nā wāwae (edema) ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wai a me nā paʻakai i loko o ke kino, a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka pae potassium i loko o ke koko. |
| ʻŌnaehana nerve | ʻEha poʻo, poniuniu. |
ʻAʻole loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau nā hopena ʻaoʻao a pau i helu ʻia ma kēia papa inoa. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona a ʻike paha i kekahi mea ʻē, e haʻi koke i kāu kauka.
ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻAʻole kūpono kekahi poʻe me kekahi mau kūlana olakino no nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2. E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i kēia mau mea a pau ma mua o ke kau ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau nāu.
ʻO nā poʻe ʻaʻole pono e lawe i nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2:
- Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hahau ma mua.
- Inā ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ana no ka ʻoki ʻana i ke aʻa coronary artery a i ʻole ua loaʻa koke nei iā ʻoe.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻupaʻa koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o ke akepaʻa.
- Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hōʻeha hānō a i ʻole kahi hopena maʻi koʻikoʻi ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka aspirin a i ʻole kekahi NSAID ʻē aʻe.
- Inā he maʻi ʻoe i nā antibiotic sulfonamide.
ʻO ka poʻe e makaʻala loa:
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōpū ʻōpū a i ʻole ke kahe koko.
- Inā ʻoe i loko o nā mahina 3 hope loa o ka hāpai ʻana.
- Inā he makuahine hānai waiū ʻoe.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana, pono ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka.
Nā hōʻailona e pono ai ke kōkua koke ʻana o ke kauka!
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona i ka wā e lawe ana i nā mea hoʻopaʻa COX-2, e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a e ʻike koke i kāu kauka a i ʻole e hele i ka keʻena pilikia haukapila kokoke loa (ETU).
- Nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia o ke akepaʻa: mimi ʻeleʻele, luhi loa, melemele o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā maka, nā ʻōpala māmā, ʻeha ʻōpū.
- Nā hōʻailona o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko: ka luaʻi ʻana i ke koko, ka luaʻi e like me ke ʻano o ka lepo kofe, ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ʻōpala ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ke koko i loko o ka mimi, nā ʻāʻī koko, a me ka maʻalahi o ka palapū.
- Nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia o nā puʻupaʻa: hiki ʻole ke mimi, emi ka nui o ka mimi, koko i loko o ka mimi, piʻi koke ke kaumaha.
- Nā hōʻailona o kahi hopena maʻi koʻikoʻi: ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili, ka maneʻo, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka hanu ʻana, ka pehu ʻana o ka maka, nā lehelehe, a i ʻole ke alelo.
- Nā hōʻailona o ka hāʻule puʻuwai: ʻūlū ʻana i ka ʻeha ma ka umauma, laha ka ʻeha i ka lima hema, ka ʻāwae, a i ʻole ke kua, paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana, ka hou ʻana.
- Nā hōʻailona o ka hahau ʻana: ka mae ʻana ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka maka, ka lima, a i ʻole ka wāwae, ka paʻakikī o ka ʻōlelo ʻana, a me ka ʻeha poʻo koʻikoʻi koke.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā mea hoʻopale COX-2 kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka lāʻau ʻeha (NSAID) i emi iho nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū.
- Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea no ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻeha o ka menstruation, a me nā maʻi ʻeha ʻē aʻe.
- ʻAʻole e like me nā lāʻau ʻeha maʻamau, kuhikuhi wale kēia i ka enzyme COX-2, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻeha, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻopilikia i ka enzyme COX-1, ka mea e pale ai i ka ʻōpū.
- ʻOiai ko lākou mau pono, hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau ʻana i kekahi ʻano. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻohana wale iā lākou ma lalo o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka.
- Mai lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā dosis kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole no ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka mea i kauoha ʻia me ka ʻole o ke aʻo a kāu kauka.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
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