Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau phais loj. Los yog tej zaum koj tau raug xwm txheej thiab poob ntshav ntau. Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, tus kws kho mob yuav hais rau koj tias, "Koj yuav tsum muab ntshav rau kuv." Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj kev ntshai thiab ntxhov siab thaum koj hnov cov lus no. "Auj, kuv puas tuaj yeem tau lwm tus neeg cov ntshav? Puas muaj kev nyab xeeb? Puas yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim?" Muaj ntau lo lus nug yuav los rau hauv siab. Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai. Kev pub ntshav, lossis raws li peb hu ua kev kho mob, " kev hloov ntshav ", yog ib qho uas siv ntau thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb niaj hnub no. Niaj hnub no, peb yuav nrhiav cov lus teb rau txhua lo lus nug uas koj muaj txog qhov no.
Hais yooj yim xwb, kev ntxiv ntshav yog dab tsi?
Yooj yim heev. Kev pub ntshav txhais tau tias muab rov qab rau koj lub cev cov ntshav lossis ib feem ntawm cov ntshav uas tau poob ntawm koj lub cev vim muaj mob lossis raug xwm txheej. Xav txog seb puas muaj ib lossis ntau yam uas peb lub cev xav tau hauv cov ntshav noj qab haus huv tsis txaus, kev pub ntshav li no tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tsis txaus ntawd.
Feem ntau cov txheej txheem no yuav siv sijhawm li ntawm 1 txog 4 teev, nyob ntawm seb koj xav tau ntshav ntau npaum li cas thiab hom ntshav uas koj pub. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas ua tau zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb uas tau cawm ntau lab tus neeg txoj sia thoob ntiaj teb.
Vim li cas ib tug neeg thiaj yuav tsum pub ntshav?
Muaj ntau yam ua rau ib tug neeg pub ntshav. Nov yog qee qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb.
| Vim li cas | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Kev phais loj lossis kev raug mob loj | Thaum lub sijhawm phais mob lossis muaj xwm txheej loj, yuav muaj ntshav ntau heev uas poob ntawm lub cev. Yuav tsum tau hloov ntshav kom hloov cov ntshav uas poob lawm. |
| Kev ntshav hauv txoj hnyuv zom zaub mov | Yog tias koj los ntshav ntawm koj txoj hnyuv plab vim yog mob qog lossis lwm yam mob, koj yuav tsum tau hloov ntshav los hloov cov ntshav uas poob. |
| Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus | Kab mob qog ntshav xws li mob ntshav dawb (leukemia), mob raum, lossis lwm yam ua rau lub cev tsis muaj cov qe ntshav liab zoo. Qhov mob no hu ua ntshav tsis txaus (anemia). Hauv cov xwm txheej no, kev hloov ntshav yog siv los muab cov qe ntshav liab. |
| Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav | Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav xws li kev siv hluav taws xob lossis kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav tsim tawm. Tej zaum koj kuj yuav tsum pub ntshav thaum lub sijhawm no. |
| Cov kab mob ntshav thiab cov kab mob siab | Cov neeg uas muaj cov kab mob ntshav uas los ntawm noob caj ces xws li thalassemia lossis cov kab mob siab loj kuj yuav tsum tau hloov ntshav ntau zaus. |
Cia peb kawm txog cov hom ntshav thiab cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov ntshav.
Muaj dab tsi nyob hauv peb cov ntshav?
Peb cov ntshav tsis yog ib yam kua xwb. Nws muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb.
- Cov Qog Ntshav Liab : Cov no yog cov qe ntshav uas nqa cov pa oxygen thoob plaws lub cev.
- Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb: Cov no zoo li peb lub cev cov tub rog, tawm tsam cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob.
- Cov Platelets: Cov no yog cov hlwb me me heev. Thaum muaj kev raug mob thiab los ntshav, cov platelets no pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob los ntshav .
- Plasma: Qhov no yog cov kua daj ntawm cov ntshav. Nws muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb, xws li cov protein uas pab kom cov ntshav khov.
Qee zaum koj tuaj yeem pub "cov ntshav tag nrho," uas muaj tag nrho cov khoom no, tab sis feem ntau koj tsuas yog yuav tau txais qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm koj lub cev uas koj tsis muaj thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Piv txwv li, ib tus neeg uas muaj ntshav tsis txaus yuav tsuas yog tau txais cov qe ntshav liab xwb.
Cov hom ntshav puas yuav tsum sib phim?
Yog, nws yeej yuav tsum yog ib qho sib phim. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum pub ntshav.
Peb muaj plaub hom ntshav tseem ceeb: A, B, AB, thiab O. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, txhua hom ntshavMuaj ib yam dab tsi hu ua Rh factor . Nyob ntawm seb hom ntshav ntawd yog hom zoo (+) lossis hom tsis zoo (-).
Yog tias hom ntshav uas koj tau txais tsis phim koj li, koj lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav pib tawm tsam cov qe ntshav tshiab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem txaus ntshai heev, txawm tias ua rau tuag taus.
Yog vim li ntawd txhua tee ntshav uas cov tsev txhab ntshav pub dawb yuav raug kuaj xyuas nruj heev kom paub meej tias muaj hom ntshav, Rh factor, thiab lwm yam kab mob.
- Cov neeg uas muaj hom ntshav O hu ua "universal donors" vim tias thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, cov ntshav O negative (O-) tuaj yeem muab rau ib tus neeg uas muaj hom ntshav twg los tau.
- Cov neeg uas muaj hom ntshav AB hu ua "universal recipients" vim lawv tuaj yeem txais ntshav los ntawm txhua hom ntshav.
Cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev pub ntshav yog dab tsi?
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev pub ntshav yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb heev niaj hnub no. Txhua lub hnab ntshav raug kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj kab mob loj xws li HIV , Hepatitis B thiab C, yog li ntawd qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob yog qhov tsawg heev. Txawm li cas los xij, ib yam li kev kho mob, muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo me me. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog lawv.
| Kev Pheej Hmoo/Teeb Meem | Koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi txog qhov no |
|---|---|
| Ua npaws | Nws yog ib txwm muaj kub taub hau me ntsis rau ib teev lossis rau teev tom qab pub ntshav, thiab nws tsis yog qhov loj. Tab sis yog tias koj kub taub hau nrog rau xeev siab lossis mob hauv siab, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus nais tam sim ntawd. |
| Kev Ua Xua | Txawm tias koj tau txais hom ntshav sib xws los xij, koj tseem yuav muaj kev tsis haum me me xws li khaus thiab tawm pob. Feem ntau cov no tshwm sim thaum lossis tom qab pub ntshav sai sai. |
| Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Hlwb Sai Sai | Qhov no yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev heev uas tsis tshua muaj, tab sis loj heev. Qhov no yog thaum koj lub cev tawm tsam cov qe ntshav liab tshiab uas pub dawb. Cov tsos mob yuav muaj xws li kub taub hau, mob khaub thuas, xeev siab, mob hauv siab lossis mob nraub qaum qis, thiab zis dub. Qhov no yog xwm txheej ceev! |
| Kev Ua Txhaum Cai Anaphylactic | Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, tab sis tsis tshua muaj. Hauv ob peb feeb tom qab pib muab ntshav, koj yuav o ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab caj pas, ua pa nyuaj, thiab ntshav siab poob qis. |
| Cov kab mob kis los ntawm cov ntshav | Qhov no yog qhov uas ntau tus neeg ntshai. Tab sis qhov tseeb, niaj hnub no, qhov kev pheej hmoo tsawg heev. Lub Chaw Pabcuam Pub Ntshav Hauv Tebchaws ntawm Sri Lanka kuaj xyuas txhua lub hnab ntshav rau cov kab mob xws li HIV, Hepatitis B, C thiab syphilis. Qhov kev pheej hmoo tsawg heev uas qhov muaj feem yuav kis tus kab mob HIV los ntawm kev pub ntshav yog li ib ntawm ob lab. |
| Kev muaj hlau ntau dhau (Hemochromatosis) | Qhov no tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas tau txais kev hloov ntshav ntau zaus (piv txwv li, cov neeg mob thalassemia). Cov hlau hauv lub cev tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, ua rau lub plawv thiab daim siab puas tsuaj. Cov kws kho mob ceev faj txog qhov no thiab muab kev kho mob tsim nyog. |
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhia rau koj tus kws saib mob lossis kws kho mob tam sim ntawd yog tias koj xav tias muaj dab tsi txawv txawv lossis tsis xis nyob, txawm tias nws yog qhov me me, thaum lub sijhawm lossis tom qab pub ntshav. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob hnyav tom qab koj mus tsev los ntawm tsev kho mob, mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ze tshaj plaws ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kev hloov ntshav yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas cawm tau txoj sia, feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb heev. Tsis txhob ntshai nws yam tsis tsim nyog.
- Ua ntej koj yuav tau ntshav, cov ntshav uas koj pub dawb yuav raug kuaj xyuas kom zoo kom paub tseeb tias nws phim koj hom ntshav, Rh factor, thiab seb nws puas muaj ntau yam kab mob sib txawv.
- Yog koj muaj tej yam tsos mob txawv txawv thaum koj pub ntshav los yog tom qab koj pub ntshav, xws li kub taub hau, khaus, ua pa nyuaj, lossis mob hauv siab los yog mob nraub qaum, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob los yog tus nais tam sim ntawd.
- Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog tej lus nug, kev ntshai, lossis kev tsis ntseeg uas koj muaj txog qhov no. Kev piav qhia txhua yam yuav ua rau koj muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus