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Puas muaj ib daim pob txha tawm los? Cia peb kawm txog qhov Avulsion Fracture no!

Puas muaj ib daim pob txha tawm los? Cia peb kawm txog qhov Avulsion Fracture no!

Xav txog koj khiav ceev thiab mam li nres, lossis thaum koj ua si cricket, lub pob ntaus rau ntawm koj tus ntiv tes nrog lub zog loj heev. Muaj lub suab "pop" thiab mob heev. Thaj chaw ntawd o thiab hloov xiav. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj yuav tau raug kev txom nyem qee yam loj dua li qhov mob pob txha. Hnub no peb tab tom tham txog qhov raug mob zoo li no, ' Avulsion Fracture' .

Hauv lwm lo lus, Avulsion Fracture yog dab tsi?

`Avulsion Fracture` yog ib yam yooj yim heev. Cov leeg nqaij hauv peb lub cev txuas nrog cov pob txha los ntawm cov hlua khi hu ua `tendons`. Thiab cov pob txha txuas nrog ib leeg los ntawm cov hlua khi hu ua `ligaments`. Xav txog tias thaum ib qho ntawm cov `tendons` lossis `ligaments` no rub tawm, ib daim me me ntawm cov pob txha uas nws txuas nrog yuav tawm los. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua `Avulsion Fracture`.

Yuav kom meej meej, qhov tshwm sim hauv qhov no yog tias es tsis txhob tawg cov leeg / ligament, ib daim pob txha uas nws txuas nrog los tawm.

Qhov mob no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas uas ua si kis las. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov pob qij txha xws li lub duav, lub luj tshib, thiab pob luj taws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua qhov chaw uas ib daim leeg nqaij ntsib pob txha.

Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Yog vim li cas?

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau hom pob txha tawg no yog lub zog tam sim ntawd, tsis tau xav txog. Piv txwv li, thaum koj khiav mus rau ib qho kev taw qhia thiab tig mus rau lwm qhov, koj cov leeg rub mus rau ib qho kev taw qhia thiab pob txha mus rau lwm qhov. Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, cov leeg uas kuv tau hais ua ntej tuaj yeem raug muab tso rau hauv qab kev nyuaj siab heev thiab ib daim pob txha tuaj yeem tawm.

Qhov no feem ntau yog vim:

  • Kev raug mob ntawm kev ua si: Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev ua si uas muaj kev khiav ceev, nres tam sim ntawd, dhia, pov pob ceev, lossis ncaws.
  • Kev Sib Tsoo : Tej yam xws li kev ntog, kev sib tsoo tsheb.
  • Cov pob txha tsis muaj zog : Cov pob txha ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas tseem tab tom loj hlob tseem tsis tau loj hlob tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov pob txha tsis muaj zog npaum li lawv cov leeg thiab cov leeg nqaij. Qhov no kuj yog vim cov pob txha tsis muaj zog hauv cov neeg laus vim muaj cov mob xws li osteoporosis (kab mob pob txha nyias).

Qhov kev pheej hmoo no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas ua si hauv qab no:

  • Kev Ua Si (Kev Sib Tw Khiav thiab Ua Si)
  • Ntaus pob tesniv
  • Ncaws Pob/Ncaws Pob
  • Hockey
  • Kev seev cev
  • Kev Ua Si Gymnastics
  • Caij ski

Tsis tshua muaj, qhov tawg ntawm cov pob txha avulsion tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm teeb meem caj ces, kev kis kab mob, mob qog noj ntshav, lossis ua teeb meem ntawm kev phais.

Cov hom pob txha tawg uas feem ntau pom

Cov pob txha tawg no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ntau qhov ntawm lub cev. Cia peb saib cov hom pob txha tawg uas feem ntau tshwm sim.

Hom pob txha tawg Kev piav qhia
Pelvic mob Nws tshwm sim rau ntawm lub duav, lub pob tw, lossis thaj tsam ntawm lub duav. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev co ntawm lub duav lossis cov leeg nqaij hauv plab thaum dhia, khiav, lossis ncaws. Hom pob txha tawg no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus yog tias lawv ntog.
Cov pob txha Cov pob txha fibula yog pob txha nyob rau sab nraud ntawm ceg qis. Qhov pob txha tawg no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum ceg khoov mus rau hauv (zoo li pob luj taws raug mob). Qhov no hnyav dua li qhov mob pob luj taws raug mob.
Lub Luj Tshib (Medial Epicondyle) Qhov no tshwm sim rau ntawm cov pob txha ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub luj tshib. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntawm 9-14 xyoo uas ua si kis las ceev xws li baseball thiab cricket.
Ntiv tes Muaj ob hom ntawm qhov no. Ntiv tes Mallet (ntiv tes baseball) yog thaum ib yam dab tsi zoo li lub pob cricket ntaus rau ntawm tus ntiv tes, cov leeg uas ncab tus ntiv tes tawm nrog ib daim pob txha. Tom qab ntawd tus ntiv tes tsis tuaj yeem ncab tag nrho. Ntiv tes Jersey yog thaum ib tug neeg tuav ib daim khaub ncaws (jersey) thiab rub nws tam sim ntawd, cov leeg uas khoov tus ntiv tes tawm nrog ib daim pob txha. Tom qab ntawd tus ntiv tes tsis tuaj yeem khoov tag nrho.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?

Yog tias koj muaj pob txha tawg avulsion, koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​mob sai sai, mob hnyav thiab muaj suab nrov lossis suab popping. Dua li ntawm qhov ntawd, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw raug mob.

  • Kev o: Qhov chaw raug mob o heev.
  • Kev Ntshai: Los ntshav hauv qab daim tawv nqaij, ua rau nws tig xiav/ntshav.
  • Tej zaum yuav muaj los ntshav .
  • Tej zaum koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​mob loog los yog tingling .
  • Nws nyuaj rau txav tus ceg raug mob lossis sawv nrog qhov hnyav rau sab ntawd.
  • Qhov mob yuav kis mus rau saum lossis nqis los ntawm qhov chaw raug mob.

Koj nrhiav qhov no li cas?

Yog koj raug mob zoo li no, qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum ua yog mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd . Nws yuav nug koj txog koj cov tsos mob thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawd tau tshwm sim li cas. Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav kuaj lub cev. Qee zaum, txawm tias qhov kev kuaj no tsuas yog tuaj yeem qhia koj tias nws puas yog pob txha tawg.

Tab sis kom paub tseeb thiab saib seb puas muaj lwm yam kev puas tsuaj loj heev (piv txwv li, pob qij txha tawg tag), koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom thaij duab X-ray lossis tej zaum thaij duab CT scan .

Yuav kho li cas?

Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias feem ntau cov pob txha tawg tuaj yeem kho tau yam tsis tas phais.

Kev kho mob tsis yog phais

Kev kho mob feem ntau muaj xws li:

1. So thiab muab dej khov rau: Qhov chaw raug mob so yog qhov tseem ceeb. Siv dej khov los txo qhov mob thiab o. Cov tshuaj loog mob yuav raug sau los ntawm tus kws kho mob.

2. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kom Tsis Txhob Txav Mus Los: Yuav kom tiv thaiv qhov pob qij txha uas raug mob kom tsis txhob txav mus los, tej zaum koj yuav tsum siv ib daim ntaub qhwv (zoo li ib tug ntiv tes), ib daim ntaub qhwv (zoo li ib lub luj tshib), lossis ib daim ntaub qhwv plaster of Paris (cast). Yog tias nws yog ib qho ntawm lub duav lossis ceg, tej zaum koj yuav tsum siv cov pas nrig ib pliag.

3. Kev Ua Si: Thaum cov pob txha pib zoo lawm, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom siv kev kho lub cev kom rov qab tau kev txav mus los tag nrho hauv cov pob qij txha, ua kom cov leeg muaj zog, thiab pab txhawb kev kho pob txha.

Kev phais mob

Qee zaum yuav tsum tau phais. Cov no suav nrog:

  • Yog tias daim pob txha uas tau tawm los tau txav mus deb ntawm pob txha loj dhau lawm .
  • Yog tias tus menyuam lub phaj loj hlob tau raug puas tsuaj lawm.

Feem ntau cov hauv qab no yog ua thaum lub sijhawm phais:

  • Kev Txo Qhov Qhib: Rov tso thiab kho cov pob txha uas xoob rov qab rau hauv nws qhov chaw raug.
  • Kev Kho Sab Hauv: Siv cov xov hlau, cov ntsia hlau, lossis cov phaj hlau los tuav cov pob txha kom ruaj khov kom txog thaum nws kho tau.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau cov kab mob zoo li no?

"Kev tiv thaiv zoo dua li kev kho," lawv hais. Yog li muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej zoo li no.

  • Kev Ua Kom Sov: Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua kom sov ua ntej ua si ib qho kev ua si twg.
  • Kev txhawb zog cov leeg nqaij: Ua ntej pib lub caij ua kis las, koom nrog kev tawm dag zog uas txhawb zog cov leeg nqaij tshwj xeeb rau qhov kev ua kis las ntawd.
  • Tsis txhob ua si nrog qhov mob: Yog tias koj pheej mob thaum ua tib yam kev ua ub no, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws. So, muab dej khov rau, thiab tej zaum mus ntsib kws kho mob kom tau lus qhia.

Nco ntsoov, yog tias koj rov qab mus ua si tib yam kev ua si qub ua ntej qhov raug mob kho tag, koj yuav muaj feem raug mob dua.

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev

  • Qhov "Avulsion Fracture" yog thaum ib daim pob txha me me raug ib txoj leeg/ligament muaj zog dua.
  • Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas ua si kis las thiab tab tom loj hlob. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo.
  • Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog mob tam sim ntawd, mob hnyav, suab "popping", thiab o.
  • Txawm hais tias feem ntau nws tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev so, dej khov, thiab kev kho lub cev, qee zaum yuav tsum tau phais.
  • Yog koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob tso tseg, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd thiab nrhiav kev kho mob kom zoo. Kev kho mob sai sai tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov teeb meem mus sij hawm ntev.

pob txha tawg hauv sinhala, pob txha tawg, kev kho pob txha tawg, kev raug mob kis las, mob pob qij txha, kev raug mob ligament hauv sinhala, kev raug mob ntawm cov leeg hauv sinhala, thaum pob txha tawg, kev kho lub cev

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.

Ntxiv koj cov lus

Thov xam: 1 + 6 =
Puas muaj ib daim pob txha tawm los? Cia peb kawm txog qhov Avulsion Fracture no!

Puas muaj ib daim pob txha tawm los? Cia peb kawm txog qhov Avulsion Fracture no!

Xav txog koj khiav ceev thiab mam li nres, lossis thaum koj ua si cricket, lub pob ntaus rau ntawm koj tus ntiv tes nrog lub zog loj heev. Muaj lub suab "pop" thiab mob heev. Thaj chaw ntawd o thiab hloov xiav. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj yuav tau raug kev txom nyem qee yam loj dua li qhov mob pob txha. Hnub no peb tab tom tham txog qhov raug mob zoo li no, ' Avulsion Fracture' .

Hauv lwm lo lus, Avulsion Fracture yog dab tsi?

`Avulsion Fracture` yog ib yam yooj yim heev. Cov leeg nqaij hauv peb lub cev txuas nrog cov pob txha los ntawm cov hlua khi hu ua `tendons`. Thiab cov pob txha txuas nrog ib leeg los ntawm cov hlua khi hu ua `ligaments`. Xav txog tias thaum ib qho ntawm cov `tendons` lossis `ligaments` no rub tawm, ib daim me me ntawm cov pob txha uas nws txuas nrog yuav tawm los. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua `Avulsion Fracture`.

Yuav kom meej meej, qhov tshwm sim hauv qhov no yog tias es tsis txhob tawg cov leeg / ligament, ib daim pob txha uas nws txuas nrog los tawm.

Qhov mob no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas uas ua si kis las. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov pob qij txha xws li lub duav, lub luj tshib, thiab pob luj taws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua qhov chaw uas ib daim leeg nqaij ntsib pob txha.

Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Yog vim li cas?

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau hom pob txha tawg no yog lub zog tam sim ntawd, tsis tau xav txog. Piv txwv li, thaum koj khiav mus rau ib qho kev taw qhia thiab tig mus rau lwm qhov, koj cov leeg rub mus rau ib qho kev taw qhia thiab pob txha mus rau lwm qhov. Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, cov leeg uas kuv tau hais ua ntej tuaj yeem raug muab tso rau hauv qab kev nyuaj siab heev thiab ib daim pob txha tuaj yeem tawm.

Qhov no feem ntau yog vim:

  • Kev raug mob ntawm kev ua si: Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev ua si uas muaj kev khiav ceev, nres tam sim ntawd, dhia, pov pob ceev, lossis ncaws.
  • Kev Sib Tsoo : Tej yam xws li kev ntog, kev sib tsoo tsheb.
  • Cov pob txha tsis muaj zog : Cov pob txha ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas tseem tab tom loj hlob tseem tsis tau loj hlob tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov pob txha tsis muaj zog npaum li lawv cov leeg thiab cov leeg nqaij. Qhov no kuj yog vim cov pob txha tsis muaj zog hauv cov neeg laus vim muaj cov mob xws li osteoporosis (kab mob pob txha nyias).

Qhov kev pheej hmoo no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas ua si hauv qab no:

  • Kev Ua Si (Kev Sib Tw Khiav thiab Ua Si)
  • Ntaus pob tesniv
  • Ncaws Pob/Ncaws Pob
  • Hockey
  • Kev seev cev
  • Kev Ua Si Gymnastics
  • Caij ski

Tsis tshua muaj, qhov tawg ntawm cov pob txha avulsion tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm teeb meem caj ces, kev kis kab mob, mob qog noj ntshav, lossis ua teeb meem ntawm kev phais.

Cov hom pob txha tawg uas feem ntau pom

Cov pob txha tawg no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ntau qhov ntawm lub cev. Cia peb saib cov hom pob txha tawg uas feem ntau tshwm sim.

Hom pob txha tawg Kev piav qhia
Pelvic mob Nws tshwm sim rau ntawm lub duav, lub pob tw, lossis thaj tsam ntawm lub duav. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev co ntawm lub duav lossis cov leeg nqaij hauv plab thaum dhia, khiav, lossis ncaws. Hom pob txha tawg no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus yog tias lawv ntog.
Cov pob txha Cov pob txha fibula yog pob txha nyob rau sab nraud ntawm ceg qis. Qhov pob txha tawg no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum ceg khoov mus rau hauv (zoo li pob luj taws raug mob). Qhov no hnyav dua li qhov mob pob luj taws raug mob.
Lub Luj Tshib (Medial Epicondyle) Qhov no tshwm sim rau ntawm cov pob txha ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub luj tshib. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntawm 9-14 xyoo uas ua si kis las ceev xws li baseball thiab cricket.
Ntiv tes Muaj ob hom ntawm qhov no. Ntiv tes Mallet (ntiv tes baseball) yog thaum ib yam dab tsi zoo li lub pob cricket ntaus rau ntawm tus ntiv tes, cov leeg uas ncab tus ntiv tes tawm nrog ib daim pob txha. Tom qab ntawd tus ntiv tes tsis tuaj yeem ncab tag nrho. Ntiv tes Jersey yog thaum ib tug neeg tuav ib daim khaub ncaws (jersey) thiab rub nws tam sim ntawd, cov leeg uas khoov tus ntiv tes tawm nrog ib daim pob txha. Tom qab ntawd tus ntiv tes tsis tuaj yeem khoov tag nrho.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?

Yog tias koj muaj pob txha tawg avulsion, koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​mob sai sai, mob hnyav thiab muaj suab nrov lossis suab popping. Dua li ntawm qhov ntawd, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw raug mob.

  • Kev o: Qhov chaw raug mob o heev.
  • Kev Ntshai: Los ntshav hauv qab daim tawv nqaij, ua rau nws tig xiav/ntshav.
  • Tej zaum yuav muaj los ntshav .
  • Tej zaum koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​mob loog los yog tingling .
  • Nws nyuaj rau txav tus ceg raug mob lossis sawv nrog qhov hnyav rau sab ntawd.
  • Qhov mob yuav kis mus rau saum lossis nqis los ntawm qhov chaw raug mob.

Koj nrhiav qhov no li cas?

Yog koj raug mob zoo li no, qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum ua yog mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd . Nws yuav nug koj txog koj cov tsos mob thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawd tau tshwm sim li cas. Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav kuaj lub cev. Qee zaum, txawm tias qhov kev kuaj no tsuas yog tuaj yeem qhia koj tias nws puas yog pob txha tawg.

Tab sis kom paub tseeb thiab saib seb puas muaj lwm yam kev puas tsuaj loj heev (piv txwv li, pob qij txha tawg tag), koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom thaij duab X-ray lossis tej zaum thaij duab CT scan .

Yuav kho li cas?

Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias feem ntau cov pob txha tawg tuaj yeem kho tau yam tsis tas phais.

Kev kho mob tsis yog phais

Kev kho mob feem ntau muaj xws li:

1. So thiab muab dej khov rau: Qhov chaw raug mob so yog qhov tseem ceeb. Siv dej khov los txo qhov mob thiab o. Cov tshuaj loog mob yuav raug sau los ntawm tus kws kho mob.

2. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kom Tsis Txhob Txav Mus Los: Yuav kom tiv thaiv qhov pob qij txha uas raug mob kom tsis txhob txav mus los, tej zaum koj yuav tsum siv ib daim ntaub qhwv (zoo li ib tug ntiv tes), ib daim ntaub qhwv (zoo li ib lub luj tshib), lossis ib daim ntaub qhwv plaster of Paris (cast). Yog tias nws yog ib qho ntawm lub duav lossis ceg, tej zaum koj yuav tsum siv cov pas nrig ib pliag.

3. Kev Ua Si: Thaum cov pob txha pib zoo lawm, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom siv kev kho lub cev kom rov qab tau kev txav mus los tag nrho hauv cov pob qij txha, ua kom cov leeg muaj zog, thiab pab txhawb kev kho pob txha.

Kev phais mob

Qee zaum yuav tsum tau phais. Cov no suav nrog:

  • Yog tias daim pob txha uas tau tawm los tau txav mus deb ntawm pob txha loj dhau lawm .
  • Yog tias tus menyuam lub phaj loj hlob tau raug puas tsuaj lawm.

Feem ntau cov hauv qab no yog ua thaum lub sijhawm phais:

  • Kev Txo Qhov Qhib: Rov tso thiab kho cov pob txha uas xoob rov qab rau hauv nws qhov chaw raug.
  • Kev Kho Sab Hauv: Siv cov xov hlau, cov ntsia hlau, lossis cov phaj hlau los tuav cov pob txha kom ruaj khov kom txog thaum nws kho tau.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau cov kab mob zoo li no?

"Kev tiv thaiv zoo dua li kev kho," lawv hais. Yog li muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej zoo li no.

  • Kev Ua Kom Sov: Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua kom sov ua ntej ua si ib qho kev ua si twg.
  • Kev txhawb zog cov leeg nqaij: Ua ntej pib lub caij ua kis las, koom nrog kev tawm dag zog uas txhawb zog cov leeg nqaij tshwj xeeb rau qhov kev ua kis las ntawd.
  • Tsis txhob ua si nrog qhov mob: Yog tias koj pheej mob thaum ua tib yam kev ua ub no, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws. So, muab dej khov rau, thiab tej zaum mus ntsib kws kho mob kom tau lus qhia.

Nco ntsoov, yog tias koj rov qab mus ua si tib yam kev ua si qub ua ntej qhov raug mob kho tag, koj yuav muaj feem raug mob dua.

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev

  • Qhov "Avulsion Fracture" yog thaum ib daim pob txha me me raug ib txoj leeg/ligament muaj zog dua.
  • Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas ua si kis las thiab tab tom loj hlob. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo.
  • Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog mob tam sim ntawd, mob hnyav, suab "popping", thiab o.
  • Txawm hais tias feem ntau nws tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev so, dej khov, thiab kev kho lub cev, qee zaum yuav tsum tau phais.
  • Yog koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob tso tseg, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd thiab nrhiav kev kho mob kom zoo. Kev kho mob sai sai tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov teeb meem mus sij hawm ntev.

pob txha tawg hauv sinhala, pob txha tawg, kev kho pob txha tawg, kev raug mob kis las, mob pob qij txha, kev raug mob ligament hauv sinhala, kev raug mob ntawm cov leeg hauv sinhala, thaum pob txha tawg, kev kho lub cev

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.

Ntxiv koj cov lus

Thov xam: 1 + 6 =