Tērā pea kua kite koe, kua rongo rānei koe i tētahi e hoatu ana he 'wai tote' ki tētahi hōhipera. Ka whakauruhia he cannula ki roto i te ringa, ā, ka tukuna he wai ki roto i te tinana mai i tētahi putea e iri ana i tētahi tūnga teitei. He maha ngā tāngata e mataku ana ki tēnei, ā, ko ētahi e whakaaro ana he mea tēnei e hoatu ana mō ngā mate kino anake. He aha tonu ēnei wai IV, te wai tote rānei e mōhiotia ana e tātou katoa? I roto i ngā āhuatanga hea e hoatu ana? Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei mea, kia māmā noa iho, kia mārama hoki.
He aha tātou e hiahia ai ki ngā wai werohanga IV?
He māmā noa iho, ko ngā wai IV (intravenous) he wai motuhake e tukuna ana ki te tinana mā roto i te uaua. Ko te take matua mō te hoatutanga he ārai, he rongoā rānei i te matewai , arā, ko te wā ka tino iti haere te wai me ngā tote nui o te tinana.
E 60% te wai e hangaia ana i roto i ō tātou tinana. Whakaarohia te mea ka puta mēnā ka heke te nui o te wai. He mea nui te wai mō ngā pūtau me ngā okana katoa o te tinana. Mēnā kāore e taea e te tangata te pupuri i te taumata wai e hiahiatia ana mā te inu wai mā te waha, ka nui te wai e tukuna ana ki roto i te tinana.
| Ngā āhuatanga matua e hiahiatia ai ngā wai IV | |
|---|---|
| Te tino mate | Ina pāngia koe e te ruaki nui me te korere , ka tere te ngaro o te nui o te wai i te tinana. I aua wā, kāore e mimitihia e te tinana ngā mea e kainga ana e te mangai. |
| Te whakakori tinana me te wera nui | Ki te kore koe e inu wai nui, ki te kore e nui te korikori tinana, ki te pāngia rānei koe e te rā kaha, ka ngaro te nui o te wai i te tinana mā te werawera. |
| Ngā whara kino, ngā wera rānei | I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, ka ngaro pea te nui o te wai i roto i te tinana. |
| Pokanga | Ina koa i ngā pokanga e mahia ana i raro i te mate whakamoe (whakamoea), ka hoatu he wai IV nā te mea kāore e taea e te tūroro te kai, te inu rānei, ā, me hiahia he wai i te wā e pokanga ana. |
Ngā pānga me ngā tohu o te matewai
Ina matewai te tinana, he maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki a ia.
- Te ngaronga o te taurite electrolytes i roto i te tinana.
- Te ngoikore o te mahi hinengaro me te ngoikore o te mahara.
- Te ngaronga o te kaha, te ngenge tonu.
- Te nakunaku koretake me te nekenekehanga o te puku.
- Te pikinga ake o te auau me te kaha o te mamae o te upoko.
- Te kino ki ngā whekau nui pērā i ngā whatukuhu, te ngākau , me te roro.
- Te ngoikore o te mahi ā-tinana.
- Te hekenga o te hauora o te kiri.
Koinei ngā tohu tino kitea o te matewai nui. Mena kei a koe tētahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei, he mea nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora tonu atu.
| Tohu | Te āhua/ngā kare ā-roto o koe |
|---|---|
| Pōuriuri | Te pōuri o te ngākau ina tū, ina ara ake rānei. |
| Ngā kanohi maroke | Te maroke o ngā kanohi, ā, kāore e puta mai ngā roimata ahakoa e tangi ana. |
| Ngutu me te arero maroke | Te kore o te huware, ngā ngutu pakarukaru, me te arero maroke. |
| Kiri maroke | Ka maroke te kiri, ka miro, ā, i ētahi wā ka puta he ira ki te kiri. |
| Ngenge | Te tino ngenge ahakoa kāore he mahi e mahia ana. |
| Te manawa tere | Te tere o te manawa i te mea noa. |
| Ngā ringa me ngā waewae makariri | Te mātao ina pā ki ngā ringa me ngā waewae. |
| Te whakahekenga o te mimi | E mimi ana i raro i te whā ngā wā i te rā, ā, he kōwhai pouri te mimi e puta ana. |
He aha ngā momo wai IV?
Mā tō tākuta e whakatau te momo wai IV e hiahiatia ana e koe. Ka rerekē i runga i tō āhua. E rua ngā momo matua.
Ngā Otinga Kiritairoiti
Koinei ngā mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Ka tere te haere o ngā matūriki ririki o ēnei wai mā roto i ō tātou toto ki roto i ō tātou pūtau.
- Tote Noa : Koinei te mea e mōhiotia ana e tātou katoa ko te 'tote'. He māmā noa iho, kei roto ko te wai me te tote (konutai pūhaumāota ).
- D5W: Kei roto i tēnei ko te dextrose, he momo huka, me te wai.
- Ringer Lactated: Kei roto i tēnei te konutai, te pūhaumāota, te pāhare pākawa, te konupūmā, me te lactate. Ka whakamahia ina hiahiatia he nui te wai e tukuna wawetia ana ki te tinana.
Ngā Otinga Colloid
He matūriki nunui ēnei. Kāore e ngāwari te uru ki roto i ngā pūtau, ā, he maha ngā wā ka noho tonu ki roto i te toto. Ko te albumin me te hetastarch ētahi tauira o tēnei.
He aha te mea ka tupu ina whakatakotoria he IV?
Mā te tākuta, mā te nēhi rānei tēnei tukanga e whakahaere. He tukanga āta haere.
1. Tuatahi, ka whakatauhia e mātou te momo me te nui o te wai IV e hiahiatia ana e koe i runga i tō taumaha, tō tau, me tō āhua hauora.
2. Muri iho, ka horoia pai te wāhi e whakaurua ai te cannula (te nuinga o te wā ko te taha o roto o te tuke, o te ringa o runga rānei) ki te wai patu huakita .
3. Ka herea te ringa o runga ki te here rapa (torniquet) hei whakaatu i te uaua.
4. Ka tīpakohia he uaua e tika ana, ā, ka whakauruhia he cannula kua horoia (he ngongo kirihou iti me te ngira) ki roto. I tēnei wā , ka paku pāngia koe e te wero, engari he poto noa iho te wā.
5. Kia whakauruhia te cannula ki roto i te uaua, ka tangohia te here rapa.
6. Ka herea te cannula ki te ringa mā te whakamahi i te pāreti hei ārai i te nekeneke.
7. Kātahi ka honoa te ngongo roa e hono ana ki te putea wai IV ki te cannula.
8. Ka whakairihia te putea wai IV ki runga i tētahi tūnga teitei (tūnga IV), ā, ka akiakihia te wai ki roto i te tinana i tētahi tere kua whakaritea mā te mīhini papu, mā te kaha ā-papa rānei.
9. Ka aroturuki tonu ngā kaimahi hauora i tēnei tukanga.
Ki te mea he nui rawa/he iti rawa te rere o te wai i te wā e tū ana te IV, ki te mamae te cannula, ki te āhua wetekina te cannula, ki te mamae tō upoko, ki te uaua rānei te manawa, me kōrero tonu atu ki tō tākuta, ki tō nēhi rānei.
He aha ngā painga me ngā mōrearea o tēnei?
He tikanga tino noa, he māmā noa iho, he haumaru hoki te whakamāoritanga wai ā-IV, arā, te tuku wai ki roto i te uaua. Ka tere hoki te whakaora. Ka taea hoki e ia te whakaora i te ora o te tangata e tino mate ana.
Heoi anō, tera ētahi raruraru kāore e tino kitea. Kāore he take e manukanuka ai mō ēnei, engari he mea pai kia mōhio.
| Ngā raruraru | He aha te tikanga o tēnā? |
|---|---|
| Te Puku Hau | Te hau e tomo ana ki te uaua mā te raina IV. He tino onge tēnei, engari ka taea te kino. |
| Uaua Hinga | Tērā pea ka piri te uaua ina whakauruhia te cannula, ina waiho rānei kia noho tonu mō te wā roa. Mēnā ka pērā, ka whakamahia e te hunga hauora tētahi atu uaua. |
| Te nui rawa o te wai | Mā te horomitanga nui rawa o te wai ka pā mai te ānini, te toto toto tiketike, me te uaua ki te manawa. Ka taea te karo i tēnei mā te whakarerekē i ngā taumata wai. |
| Pukupuku toto (Hematoma) | Te turuturu o te toto mai i te uaua ki roto i ngā kiko e karapoti ana. He rite ki te marō, ā, ka ora i roto i ētahi wiki. |
| Mate pāwera | Ka pā mai pea ngā mate urutā mēnā kāore i te horoia tika te wāhi i whakaurua ai te cannula. Ka taea e ngā paturopi te rongoā i ēnei. |
| Te turuturu wai (Te whakaurunga) | Ka turuturu pea te wai i roto i te uaua ki roto i ngā kiko nā te nekehanga o te cannula. Tērā pea ka puta he mamae iti me he marō engari ka ngāwari te whakaora. |
| Phlebitis (te pupuhi o te uaua) | Ka pupuhi te uaua mā te werohanga IV. He mea noa tēnei, ā, ka taea te rongoā mā te tango i te cannula, te whakamahana, me te hiki ake i te ringa. |
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko ngā wai IV, arā, ko te 'tote', he maimoatanga e hoatu ana mō te kore wai me te tote i roto i te tinana (matewai).
- Ehara te matewai i te mea e māmā noa ana. Mēnā ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu kino o te matewai, rapua tonutia he tohutohu hauora.
- He tikanga tino haumaru te hoatu wai IV, e mahia whānuitia ana i ngā hōhipera. Kaua e mataku noa i tēnei.
- Ka whakatauhia e tō tākuta te momo me te nui o te wai IV e hiahiatia ana e koe i muri i te tirotiro i tō āhua hauora.
- Ki te pā mai tētahi mamae ki a koe i te wā e whakauruhia ana te IV, me whakamōhio tonu atu ki te tākuta, ki te nēhi rānei.
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