He aha ngā momo matua o te matepukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ahakoa he maha ngā momo mate pukupuku e pā ana ki ngā pūkahukahu, ina kōrero tātou mō te 'mate pukupuku pūkahukahu' e rua ngā momo matua e pā ana ki ēnei. Ko ēnei ko te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu kore-pūtau iti (NSCLC) me te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu pūtau iti (SCLC).Matepukupuku pūkahukahu kore-pūtau iti (NSCLC)
Koinei te momo mate pukupuku pūkahukahu tino noa. Neke atu i te 80% o ngā tūroro mate pukupuku pūkahukahu he momo tēnei. He maha ngā momo matua o tēnei momo. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakahua i te `(Adenocarcinoma)` me te `(Squamous cell carcinoma)`. Ko te `(Adenosquamous carcinoma)` me te `(Sarcomatoid carcinoma)` he momo e rua e taka ana ki raro i te `(NSCLC)`, engari he iti ake te noa.Matepukupuku pūkahukahu iti (SCLC)
He tere ake te tipu o tēnei momo `(SCLC)` i te `(NSCLC)`, ā, he uaua ake hoki te rongoā. He maha ngā wā ka kitea hei pukupuku iti i roto i ngā pukahukahu, engari i taua wā kua horapa pea ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana. Ko ngā momo motuhake o `(SCLC)` ko `(Small cell carcinoma)` (e kiia ana hoki ko `(oat cell carcinoma)`) me `(Combined small cell carcinoma)`.Ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku ka puta i roto i ngā pukahukahu
Haunga ēnei momo matua e rua, kei reira anō ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku e tīmata ana i roto, i te taha rānei o ngā pukahukahu. Hei tauira, ko ngā lymphoma, ngā sarcomas, me te pleural mesothelioma. He rerekē te maimoatanga mō ēnei, ā, kāore i te nuinga o te wā ka kiia he mate pukupuku pukahukahu.He aha ngā wāhanga o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ina kitea te mate pukupuku, ka tirohia e ngā tākuta te wāhanga kei roto. Ka whakatauhia tēnei e te rahi o te pukupuku taketake, te tawhiti kua horapa ki ngā kiko tata, me te horapa rānei ki ngā kōpū lymph, ki ētahi atu whekau rānei. He rerekē te pūnaha wāhanga o ia momo mate pukupuku.Ngā wāhanga o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu
He rerekē te rahi me te horapa o ia wāhanga. Hei tauira, he iti ake pea te mate pukupuku i te wāhanga III i te wāhanga II. Heoi, e kiia ana kua tino whanake haere nā ētahi atu āhuatanga. Ko ngā wāhanga noa o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ko:- Wāhanga 0 (Wāhanga 0 - In-situ): Kei te paparanga o runga rawa o te pukahukahu, o te bronchi rānei te mate pukupuku . Kāore anō kia horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te pukahukahu, ki waho rānei o te pukahukahu.
- Wāhanga I: Kāore anō te mate pukupuku kia horapa ki waho o ngā pukahukahu.
- Wāhanga II: He nui ake te mate pukupuku i te wāhanga I, kua horapa ki ngā kōpū lymph i roto i te pukahukahu, he nui atu rānei i te kotahi te pukupuku i roto i te pūkahukahu kotahi.
- Wāhanga III: He nui ake te mate pukupuku i te wāhanga II, kua horapa ki ngā kōpū lymph tata, ki ngā hanganga huri noa rānei, he nui atu rānei i te kotahi te pukupuku i roto i tētahi atu pūkahukahu o taua pukahukahu anō.
- Wāhanga IV: Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki tētahi atu pukahukahu, ki te wai e karapoti ana i te pukahukahu , ki te wai e karapoti ana i te ngākau , ki ngā whekau tawhiti rānei.
Ngā Wāhanga Iti me te Whānui - mō te Mate Pukupuku Pūtau Iti (SCLC)
Ahakoa e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta ngā wāhanga "I" ki te "IV" mō te "SCLC", tera pea ka rongo koe i ngā kupu "wāhanga iti" me te "wāhanga whānui". Kei runga tēnei i te mea kei te noho te mate pukupuku ki tētahi wāhi ka taea te rongoā mā te "mara irahiko kotahi".- Ko te wāhanga iti o te SCLC ka noho ki te kotahi pukahukahu anake. I ētahi wā kua horapa pea ki ngā kōpū waikura i waenganui o te uma , ki ngā kōpū waikura rānei i te taha kotahi i runga ake i te wheua kaki.
- Tērā pea kua horapa te mate pukupuku SCLC kua horapa whānui puta noa i te kotahi o ngā pukahukahu, kua horapa rānei ki tētahi atu pukahukahu, ki ngā kōpū lymph i tērā taha o te pukahukahu, ki ētahi atu wāhanga rānei o te tinana.
He aha te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu kua horapa haere?
Ko te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu metastatic he mate pukupuku e tīmata ana i te kotahi pūkahukahu ka horapa ki tētahi atu pūkahukahu, ki ētahi atu wāhanga rānei o te tinana. He uaua ake te rongoā i ēnei momo mate pukupuku metastatic i te rongoā i ngā mate pukupuku ā-rohe.He pēhea te noa o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
I ngā whenua pēnei i te Hononga o Amerika, ko te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu te tuatoru o ngā momo mate pukupuku e tino kitea ana. E ai ki ngā pūnaha hauora o aua whenua, neke atu i te rua rau mano ngā keehi mate pukupuku pūkahukahu hou e pūrongohia ana i ia tau. Ka taea hoki te kī he raruraru hauora nui tēnei i Sri Lanka.He aha ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
He maha ngā wā, he rite ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ki ērā o ētahi atu mate kāore i te tino kino. He tokomaha te hunga kāore e kite i tētahi tohu tae noa ki te tino horapa o te mate. Heoi, tera pea ētahi tāngata ka kite i ngā tohu i te tīmatanga. Ahakoa he tohu kei a rātou, tera pea kotahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei e whai ake nei:- He maremare e kore e memeha, ka kino haere.
- Te uaua , te poto rānei o te manawa (dyspnea).
- Te mamae o te uma, te kore rānei e pai.
- Ko te wheezing he tangi whiowhio e puta mai ana i te uma.
- Te mare toto (hemoptysis) .
- Te reo e pāorooro ana.
- Kāore he reka o te kai .
- Te hiroki haere, kāore he take.
- Te tino ngenge, kāore he take.
- Mamae pakihiwi .
- Te pupuhi o te mata, te kaki, ngā ringa, te uma o runga rānei (Superior vena cava syndrome).
- Kua whānui te kamo o te kanohi kotahi, kua heke te kamo, ā, kua iti haere, kua kore rānei te werawera o taua taha (te mate a Horner).
He aha ngā tohu tuatahi o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ko te maremare tonu, te niumōnia rānei, ahakoa te maimoatanga, he tohu pea tēnei mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu. Engari, ka taea hoki te puta mai i ētahi atu mate kino, iti iho te kino. Ko ngā tohu tino kitea ko te maremare tonu, te maremare kino rānei, te poto o te manawa, te mamae o te uma, te reo pāorooro, te ngaronga taumaha rānei kāore i te whakamāramatia. I runga i te wāhi e tīmata ai tō mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, ka puta pea ētahi o ēnei tohu i ngā wāhanga tōmua (wāhanga I, II rānei). Engari he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i muri i te whanaketanga o te mate pukupuku ki tētahi wāhanga kua piki haere. Koia te mea nui kia tirotirohia koe mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu mēnā kei te mōrearea koe.Kia pēhea te roa ka noho tonu te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu me te kore e mōhiotia?
Ka taea e te mate pukupuku te tipu i roto i tō tinana mō ngā tau maha, kāore koe e mōhio. He maha ngā wā kāore te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu e whakaatu i ngā tohu i ngā wāhanga tōmua.He aha ngā pūtake o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ka puta te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ina haere tonu te wehenga o ngā pūtau kāore e tino hiahiatia ana kia wehea. E ai ki taku kōrero i mua, he tukanga noa te wehenga pūtau. Engari he pana kei ia pūtau e kiia nei ko te "senescence" e kī ana, "Kua nui, kaua e wehea anō", he ara rānei hei mate ina hiahiatia (apoptosis). Ka whakahohehia tēnei pana ina nui rawa te wehenga o te pūtau, ina nui rawa rānei ngā huringa (ngā whakarerekētanga). Ko ngā pūtau mate pukupuku he pūtau noa i roto i ō tātou tinana he "ngā whakarerekētanga" kua tangohia taua pana. Kātahi ka haere tonu te wehenga o ngā pūtau me te kore e taea te whakahaere, ka whakararuraru i ō tātou pūtau noa. Ka taea e ēnei pūtau mate pukupuku te uru ki te toto, ki te pūnaha lymphatic rānei, ka haere ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana, ka horapa te kino. Kāore mātou i te tino mōhio he aha ētahi tāngata ka pāngia e ēnei huringa me te mate pukupuku, ko ētahi kāore. Heoi, ko ētahi āhuatanga, pērā i te whakamahi i ngā hua tupeka, ka kino pea ō pūtau me te whakanui ake i tō tupono ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu.Ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu
Ahakoa he maha ngā āhuatanga e whakanui ake ana i te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, ko te āhuatanga mōrearea nui rawa ko te whakamahi i tētahi momo tupeka, pērā i te hikareti, te hikā, me ngā paipa. E ai ki ngā tohunga, e 80% o ngā mate pukupuku pūkahukahu e pā ana ki te momi hikareti. Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga mōrearea ko:- Te pāngia e te auahi tuarua. Ko te tikanga tēnei ka pāngia koe e te auahi tuarua ina noho tahi koe me tētahi e momi hikareti ana, ahakoa ehara koe i te kai momi hikareti.
- Te pānga ki ngā matū kino pērā i te parahanga o te hau, te radon, te asbestos, te uranium, te auahi tīhiera, te silica, me ngā hua waro.
- Kua whiwhi mua i ngā maimoatanga irahiko ki te uma (hei tauira, mō te mate pukupuku o te ū, te lymphoma rānei).
- He hītori whānau mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu (he mate tuku iho).
Ka puta te mate pukupuku o te pūkahukahu i te vaping?
Ina hikareti koe i te vape (whakamahia he taputapu e hongi ana i te ranunga o te nikotīni me ngā mea kakara), ka taea e koe te hongi i te maha o ngā mea, tae atu ki ngā matū e mōhiotia ana ka puta te mate pukupuku. Nā te mea he mea hou tonu te hikareti, kāore mātou i te mōhio ki ōna pānga roa katoa. Engari e whakapono ana ngā tohunga ka taea e ia te kino i ngā pukahukahu.Ka taea e te hunga kore-paipa te pāngia e te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ahakoa ko te kai hikareti te tino take mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, tata ki te 20% o te hunga kua kitea he mate pēnei kāore anō kia kai hikareti. Koia te mea nui kia kōrero koe ki te tākuta mēnā he tohu whakapae kei a koe.Me pēhea te tautuhi i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
He tukanga maha-taahiraa te tātaritanga o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu. Ina kite tuatahi koe i te tākuta, ka pātai rātou mō ō tohumate, ka pātai mō tō hītori hauora, ā, ka mahi i tētahi whakamātautau tinana (pēnei i te whakarongo ki tō ngākau me ō pūkahukahu). Nā te mea he rite ngā tohumate o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ki ērā o ētahi atu mate noa, ka tono pea tō tākuta i ngā whakamātautau toto me te hihi-X o te uma i te tuatahi. Mena kei te whakapae tō tākuta kei a koe te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, ko ngā mahi e whai ake nei ko te mahi i ētahi atu whakamātautau whakaahua, pērā i te matawai CT, me te koiora. Kei roto pea i tēnei he matawai PET/CT hei tirotiro mēnā kua horapa te mate pukupuku, me te tirotiro i te kiko mate pukupuku mai i te koiora hei whakatau i te maimoatanga pai rawa atu.Ka taea e te hihi-X o te uma te whakaatu i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Kāore ngā hihi-X i te tino pai ki ngā karapa CT hei whakaatu i ngā pukupuku pūkahukahu, inā koa i ngā wāhanga tōmua. Tērā pea he iti rawa ngā pukupuku kāore e kitea i runga i te hihi-X, tērā pea kei te hunaia e ētahi atu hanganga o te tinana (pērā i ngā rara). Kāore e taea e te hihi-X te tino mōhio mēnā he mate pukupuku pūkahukahu tōu – ka taea anake te whakaatu ki te tākuta mēnā he mea whakapae me tirotirohia anō.He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana hei tautuhi i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ko ngā whakamātautau ka tonoa e tō tākuta ko ngā whakamātautau toto, ngā whakamātautau whakaahua, me ngā koiora wai, kiko rānei.Ngā whakamātautau toto
Kāore e taea e ngā whakamātautau toto anake te tautuhi i te mate pukupuku, engari ka taea e ēnei te āwhina i tō tākuta kia kite i te mahi a ō whekau me ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana.Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua
Mā ngā hihi-X o te uma me ngā karapa CT ka hoatu he pikitia ki tō tākuta mō ngā huringa o ō pukahukahu. I te nuinga o te wā ka mahia he karapa PET/CT mēnā ka kitea he mea whakapae i runga i te karapa CT, i muri rānei i te tautuhi i te mate pukupuku hei tirotiro mēnā kua horapa.Te koiora
He maha ngā tikanga ka taea e tō tākuta te whakamahi hei tirotiro pai ake i ngā mea e tupu ana i roto i tō uma. I roto i ēnei tikanga, ka taea e tō tākuta te tango i tētahi tauira o te kiko, o te wai rānei (biopsy). Ka taea e rātou te tirotiro i raro i te karuārai hei tirotiro mēnā he pūtau matepukupuku, me te momo matepukupuku. Ka taea hoki te whakamātautau i ēnei tauira mō ngā huringa ira (ngā whakarerekētanga ira) ka pā ki tō maimoatanga. Ko ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana hei kite wawe i te matepukupuku pūkahukahu, hei rapu atu rānei mō tōna horapa ko:- Kohikohi ngira: I tēnei mahi, ka whakamahia e te tākuta he ngira hei tango tauira o te wai, o te kiko rānei.
- Te Bronchoscopicoscopy, te Thoracoscopy, te Video-assisted breast surgery rānei (VATS): Ka whakamahia e te tākuta ēnei tikanga hei tirotiro i ngā wāhanga o ngā pukahukahu me te tango tauira kiko.
- Thoracentesis: Ka whakamahia e te tākuta tēnei tikanga hei tango tauira o te wai e karapoti ana i ō pukahukahu, hei whakamātautau.
- Te ultrasound endobronchial, te ultrasound esophageal Endoscopic rānei: Ka whakamahia e te tākuta ēnei tikanga hei tirotiro i ngā pona lymph me te mahi biopsies.
- Mediastinoscopy, mediastinotomy rānei: Ka whakamahia e te tākuta ēnei tikanga hei tirotiro i te rohe i waenganui i ngā pukahukahu (te mediastinum) me te tango tauira.
Ngā whakamātautau ngota
Hei wāhanga o te koiora, ka whakamātautau tō tākuta i tō tauira kiko mō ngā huringa ira (ngā whakarerekētanga ira) ka taea te arotahi ki ngā rongoā motuhake. He wāhanga tēnei o tō mahere maimoatanga. I roto i te NSCLC, ko ngā ira ka taea te arotahi ki ngā whakarerekētanga ira:- `(KRAS)`
- `(EGFR)`
- `(ALK)`
- `(ROS1)`
- `(BRAF)`
- `(RET)`
- `(MET)`
- `(HER2)`
- `(NTRK)`
Me pēhea te rongoā i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ko te whāinga o te maimoatanga matepukupuku pūkahukahu he whakakore i te matepukupuku i roto i tō tinana, he whakahaere rānei i tōna tipu. Ka taea e ēnei maimoatanga te tango i ngā pūtau matepukupuku, te whakangaro i a rātou, te aukati i a rātou kia kore e wehewehe, te ako rānei i tō pūnaha ārai mate ki te whawhai ki a rātou. Ka whakamahia hoki ētahi maimoatanga hei whakaiti i ngā tohu me te whakamamae i te mamae. Ka whakawhirinaki te maimoatanga ka whiwhi koe ki te momo matepukupuku pūkahukahu kei a koe, te wāhi kei reira, te tawhiti kua horapa, me te maha atu o ngā āhuatanga.He aha ngā rongoā/maimoatanga e whakamahia ana mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ko ngā maimoatanga matepukupuku pūkahukahu ko te pokanga, te tango i ngā pūtau irahiko (RFA), te rongoā irahiko, te rongoā matū, te rongoā arotahi, me te rongoā ārai mate.Pokanga
Kei te wātea te pokanga mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ehara i te pūtau iti (NSCLC) kāore anō kia horapa, me te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu pūtau-kotahi (SCLC). Ka tangohia e tō taote pokanga te mate pukupuku me ētahi kiko hauora e karapoti ana kia kore ai he pūtau mate pukupuku e toe ana. I ētahi wā, kia kore ai e hoki mai te mate pukupuku, me tango he wāhanga katoa, he wāhanga rānei o tō pūkahukahu.Te tango i te ahotea irirangi (RFA)
Mō ngā pukupuku matepukupuku pūkahukahu ehara i te pūtau iti (NSCLC) e tata ana ki ngā taha o waho o ngā pūkahukahu, ka whakamahia i ētahi wā he maimoatanga e kiia nei ko te radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Ka whakamahia e te RFA ngā ngaru reo irirangi kaha-teitei hei whakamahana me te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku.Te rongoā irahiko
Ka whakamahia e te rongoā irahiko ngā hihi kaha-nui hei patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ka taea te mahi takitahi, te mahi tāpiri rānei ki te pokanga kia angitu ake ai. Ka whakamahia hoki te rongoā irahiko hei tiaki mamae - hei whakaiti i ngā pukupuku me te whakaiti i te mamae. Ka whakamahia mō te NSCLC me te SCLC.Te rongoā matū
Ko te chemotherapy he huinga rongoā e whakamahia ana hei aukati i te tipu o ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ka taea te hoatu i mua atu, i muri rānei i te pokanga, i te taha rānei o ētahi atu rongoā, pērā i te immunotherapy. Ko te chemotherapy mō te matepukupuku pūkahukahu ka hoatuhia mā te uaua (IV).Te rongoā rongoā kua arotahihia
Ko ētahi tāngata he mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ehara i te pūtau iti (NSCLC) he rerekētanga motuhake (ngā whakarerekētanga) kei roto i ō rātou pūtau mate pukupuku pūkahukahu e āwhina ana i te tipu o te mate pukupuku. Ka aro atu ngā rongoā motuhake ki ēnei whakarerekētanga, ā, ka ngana ki te whakahaere, ki te patu rānei i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku. Ko ētahi atu rongoā, e kiia nei ko ngā aukati angiogenesis, ka taea te aukati i te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou e hiahiatia ana e ngā pūtau mate pukupuku hei tipu.Te rongoā ārai mate
I te nuinga o te wā ka kitea, ka whakangaromia hoki e ō tātou tinana ngā pūtau kua pakaru, kua kore rānei e ora. Engari ka taea e ngā pūtau matepukupuku te huna mai i te pūnaha ārai mate, ā, ka noho tonu kāore e kitea. Ko te mahi a te immunotherapy mā te whakaatu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku ki tō pūnaha ārai mate. Kātahi ka taea e tō tinana te whawhai ki te matepukupuku.Te tiaki mamae
Ko ētahi maimoatanga matepukupuku pūkahukahu e whakamahia ana hei whakaora i ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae me te uaua ki te manawa. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā maimoatanga e whakaiti ana, e tango ana rānei i ngā pukupuku e aukati ana i ngā ara manawa, me ngā tikanga e tango ana i te wai e karapoti ana i ngā pūkahukahu, ā, e aukati ana i te hanga anō.He aha ngā pānga taha o ngā maimoatanga?
Ko ngā pānga taha o te maimoatanga matepukupuku pūkahukahu ka whakawhirinaki ki te momo maimoatanga ka whiwhi koe. Ka taea e tō tākuta te kī atu ki a koe he aha ngā pānga taha ka pā mai me ngā raruraru hei tūpato māu mō tō maimoatanga.Te rongoā matū
- Whakapairuaki, ruaki.
- Te korere.
- Te ngaro o te makawe.
- Te ngenge.
- Ngā mate waha.
- Te ngaronga o te kare ā-roto, te ngoikore, te māuiui rānei (neuropathy).
Te rongoā ārai mate
- Te ngenge.
- Mākūkū te kiri.
- Te korere.
- Whakapairuaki, ruaki.
- Mamae hononga.
- Tērā pea ka puta ētahi atu pānga taha nā ngā raruraru (hei tauira, te niumōnia, te mate puku, te mate ate).
Te rongoā irahiko
- Te uaua ki te manawa.
- Maremare.
- Mamae.
- Te ngenge.
- Te uaua ki te horomi.
- Kiri maroke, mākūkū, whero rānei.
- Whakapairuaki, ruaki.
Pokanga
- Te uaua ki te manawa.
- Te mamae o te pakitara o te uma.
- Maremare.
- Te ngenge.
Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā tohu me ngā pānga taha?
Tērā pea ka tohua e tō tākuta he rongoā hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i ō tohumate, i ngā pānga taha rānei o tō maimoatanga. Ka taea e te tohunga tiaki mamae, e te tohunga kai rānei, te āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i tō mamae, i ētahi atu tohumate rānei, me te whakapai ake i tō kounga o te oranga i a koe e whiwhi maimoatanga ana.He aha ngā mea me tumanako atu ahau mēnā he mate pukupuku pūkahukahu tōku?
He maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te mea ka tumanakohia i muri i te tātaritanga o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu. Mō ētahi tāngata he mate pukupuku tōmua, ka tangohia e ngā tākuta te mate pukupuku, kātahi ka haere tonu ki te tirotiro i muri mai mō ētahi tau. Mō ētahi atu, he tukanga tēnei ka rerekē haere i roto i te wā. Ko te tikanga tēnei ka whakamātau pea koe i tētahi maimoatanga kia pai rā anō te mahi, kātahi ka huri ki tētahi atu maimoatanga ina kore e pai te mahi.Ka tere te horapa o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ko te tere o te horapa o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu kei tōna momo. O ngā momo matua, ko te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu pūtau iti (SCLC) he tere ake te horapa i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu kore-pūkahukahu pūtau iti (NSCLC). I te wā e kitea ai te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, kua horapa kē pea ki ngā pona lymph, ki ētahi atu okana rānei.Ka taea te rongoā i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ko ētahi momo mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, ki te kitea i mua i te horapa, ka kiia kua ora. Engari kāore ngā tohunga e whakamahi pinepine i te kupu "kua ora" hei whakaahua i te mate pukupuku. Ko tā rātou e whakamahi pinepine ai ko ngā kupu "whakakorenga" "kāore he tohu o te mate (NED)" rānei. Mena kua rima tau neke atu rānei koe e noho ana i roto i te "NED", ka kiia kua ora koe. Heoi, he iti tonu te tūponotanga ka hoki mai ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.He aha te ōrau oranga mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Ko te tere ora mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tawhiti o te horapa o te mate pukupuku i te wā i kitea ai, te pai o tana urupare ki te maimoatanga, tō hauora whānui, me ētahi atu āhuatanga. Hei tauira, mō ngā pukupuku iti kāore anō kia horapa ki ngā pona lymph, ko te tere ora ko te 90% mō ngā pukupuku iti iho i te 1 henimita, 85% mō ngā pukupuku i waenga i te 1 me te 2 henimita, me te 80% mō ngā pukupuku i waenga i te 2 me te 3 henimita. Ko te tere ora e rima tau te roa mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu i kitea i tētahi wāhanga ko te 22.9%. Ko ngā tere ora e rima tau te roa e ai ki te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku koia ēnei:- Mō te mate pukupuku ā-rohe i roto i te pukahukahu kotahi: 61.2% (64% mō te NSCLC, 29% mō te SCLC)
- Mō te mate pukupuku kua horapa ki ngā pona lymph (rohe): 33.5% (37% mō te `(NSCLC)`, 18% mō te `(SCLC)`)
- Mō ngā matepukupuku tawhiti: 7% (26% mō te NSCLC, 3% mō te SCLC)
Engari kia maumahara, kāore ēnei tatauranga e whakaata tika ana i tō tautuhi me tō maimoatanga.Nā te whanaketanga o te tātaritanga me te maimoatanga, kua tere te heke o ngā reiti mate pukupuku pūkahukahu i ngā tau tata nei.
He aha ngā reiti oranga whanaunga?
Tērā pea ka whakamahia e tō tākuta ngā mea e kiia nei ko ngā reiti oranga rima tau hei whakamārama i te pānga o tō mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ki tō hauora i ngā tau e rima i muri i te tātaritanga. Ka whakatauritea e ēnei tau te reiti oranga o te tangata he mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ki te reiti oranga o te tangata i roto i te taupori whānui o taua tau anō.Me pēhea te ārai i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu?
Nā te mea kāore tātou i te tino mōhio he aha te pūtake o te nuinga o ngā mate pukupuku, ko te huarahi anake hei ārai i a rātou ko te whakaiti i tō tupono. Anei ētahi huarahi hei whakaiti i tō tupono:- Kaua e momi hikareti, ā, ki te mea ka momi hikareti koe, me mutu. Ka tīmata te heke o tō tupono ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu i roto i ngā tau e rima o te mutunga.
- Te karo i te auahi tuarua me ētahi atu matū ka kino ki ō pukahukahu.
- Kai i tētahi kai hauora, kia mau tonu hoki tō taumaha. E kī ana ētahi rangahau mā te kai i ngā hua me ngā huawhenua (e rua ki te ono kapu me te hawhe i te rā) ka āwhina pea ki te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku.
- Mena he nui tō tūponotanga, me tirotirohia koe mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu.
Te tirotiro i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu
Mā ngā whakamātautau tirotiro ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka kitea te mate pukupuku i ōna wāhanga tōmua. Mena ka tutuki i a koe ēnei whakaritenga katoa, ka āhei koe ki te tirotiro i te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu:- Mena kei waenganui i te 50 me te 80 tau tō pakeke.
- Mena he kaipaipa koe i tēnei wā, kua mutu rānei tō kaipaipa i ngā tau 15 ki muri.
- Mena he 20 tau tō hītori momi hikareti (te maha o ngā putea hikareti i momihia e koe i ia rā ka whakareatia ki te maha o ngā tau i momi hikareti ai koe),
Pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō ngā painga me ngā mōrearea o te whakahaere i tēnei whakamātautau kotahi i te tau.
Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō?
He wāhanga nui te tiaki i a koe anō i roto i te tiaki i te mate pukupuku. Anei ētahi huarahi hei tiaki i a koe anō, ahakoa kei te rongoatia koe, kei te ora rānei:- Ki te taea, kawea mai he hoa, he mema rānei o te whānau ki te toro atu ki tō tākuta. Mā rātou koe e āwhina ki te maumahara ki ngā mōhiotanga me ngā kōwhiringa ka hoatu e te tākuta ki a koe.
- Whakamaherehia i mua mō ō kare ā-roto i ngā rā i muri i te maimoatanga. Kei roto pea i tēnei ko te tono āwhina tāpiri, te whakarite kai i mua, te whakarite rānei kia māmā te wā mahi.
- Ahakoa kei te pāngia koe e te mate, pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō te kai tika e whiwhi ai koe.
- Inumia he nui te wai kia mau tonu te makuku o tō tinana.
- Whakakorikori tinana mēnā ka taea, ā, kia rite ki ngā taunakitanga a tō tākuta.
- Kia mau tonu ngā nama waea nui. Tērā pea kei te toro atu koe ki ētahi tākuta, nō reira he mea āwhina kia mōhio koe ko wai hei waea atu mēnā he raruraru tōu.
- Whakaarohia te whakauru atu ki tētahi rōpū tautoko, ā-rohe, ā-ipurangi rānei. Mā te noho tahi me te hunga kua pāngia e te taua āhuatanga ka āwhina i a koe ki te whiwhi tirohanga whānui me te mōhio ki ngā mea hei tumanakohia.
Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta? / He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu ki taku tākuta?
Mena kei a koe ētahi tohu e āwangawanga ana koe, tirohia tō tākuta. Mena kei te kaipaipa koe, kua kaipaipa rānei i mua, pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō te tirotiro mō te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu. Ko ētahi pātai ka taea e koe te pātai atu ki tō tākuta ko:- He aha aku kōwhiringa maimoatanga?
- He aha te huarahi pai hei tiaki i ahau anō i te kāinga?
- Ka pēhea te āhua o te maimoatanga?
- He aha aku mahi e whai ake nei?
- He aha ngā nama waea nui hei waea atu mēnā he pātai āu, he āhuatanga ohorere rānei?
- He aha ngā pānga taha me kōrero atu ahau ki a koe?
- Āhea ahau me haere ki te Tari Whawhati Tata (ETU) ?
Ka taea e te tātaritanga o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu te kawe mai i ngā momo kare ā-roto. I ētahi wā ka nui rawa ngā mōhiotanga hou. He mea nui kia mahara kāore e taea e ngā tatauranga te matapae i te ahunga whakamua o tō maimoatanga, me ngā whakatau tika mō tō āhuatanga.Mā te āwhina a ngā hoa pono, a te rōpū tautoko rānei, ka taea e koe te tiki āwhina ki te whakaaro i ō kōwhiringa me te whakapuaki i ō hiahia. He tukanga te maimoatanga mate pukupuku, ā, ko te tiaki i a koe anō tētahi o ngā wāhanga tino nui o taua tukanga.
Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara
He mate kino te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu. Heoi, ki te kitea wawetia, ā, ka rongoatia tika, he nui te tūponotanga ka ora. He mea nui kia karohia te momi hikareti, kia whai i te oranga hauora, me te tirotiro hauora i ia wā mēnā he āhuatanga mōrearea tōu. Ki te mea he āwangawanga tōu mō tētahi o ngā tohu, kaua e mangere ki te rapu tohutohu hauora. Kia maumahara, ehara i te mea ko koe anake, ā, he maha ngā tāngata ka taea te āwhina i a koe i tēnei haerenga.` Matepukupuku Pūkahukahu, Matepukupuku Pūkahukahu, Ngā Tohumate Pukupuku, Ngā Take o te Matepukupuku, Te Maimoatanga o te Matepukupuku, Te Momi hikareti, NSCLC, SCLC, Te Hauora o te Pūkahukahu
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