He rerekē ngā tae kiri, ngā tae makawe, me ngā tae kanohi o tātou katoa, tika? Ko ētahi he tino mā, ko ētahi he kiri mā, ā, ko ētahi he kiri mangu. Pērā anō hoki mō ngā makawe, he pango pouri, he parauri ngā tae. Whakaarohia, ko wai te mea huna e tāpiri ana i tēnei tae whakamiharo ki tō tātou āhua? Ko taua mea huna ko te melanin . I tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō te melanin, me te mea kei te kōrero tātou ki tētahi hoa.
He kupu ngāwari noa iho, he aha te melanin?
He tae taiao te melanin e hangaia ana e tō tātou tinana. Pērā i tā tātou whakamahi peita ina peita ana, ka whakamahia e tō tātou tinana tēnei tae e kiia nei ko te melanin hei hoatu i ō tātou kiri, makawe, me ngā kanohi ō rātou tae ahurei. He matū matatini tēnei i hangaia mai i te waikawa amino e kiia nei ko te `(Tyrosine)`. Kaua e tukua kia whakapoauau koe i ngā kupu pēnei. Kia mahara noa, ko te melanin te tae taiao o tō tātou tinana .
Kei hea te melanin e hangaia ai i roto i tō tātou tinana?
Ka hangaia te melanin i roto i tētahi momo pūtau motuhake e kiia nei ko ngā melanocytes . Ka karangatia hoki ēnei e mātou ko ngā "wheketere melanin iti". Kei ētahi wāhi o tō tātou tinana ēnei wheketere.
- I roto i ō makawe.
- I roto i te paparanga hohonu rawa o tō kiri.
- I ngā wāhi pēnei i te porowhita o tō kanohi me te whetū whetu.
- I ētahi wāhi o tō roro ('Substantia nigra' me 'locus coeruleus').
- I ētahi wāhanga o ō tātou repe adrenal.
- I ētahi wāhanga o te taringa o roto.
E hia ngā momo melanin kei reira?
Ae, e toru ngā momo matua o te melanin. He rerekē te mahi a ia momo ki tō tātou tinana. Me titiro tātou he aha rātou.
| Momo melanin | Ka ahatia? |
|---|---|
| Eumelanin | E rua ngā momo o tēnei, he mangu, he parauri. Koinei te take o ngā tae pōuri o tō tātou kiri, makawe, me ngā kanohi. He rerekē te nui o ngā momo e rua o te hunga he mangu, he parauri rānei ō rātou makawe. Ki te kore he eumelanin mangu, engari he iti noa te eumelanin parauri, he kōwhai te makawe o te tangata. |
| Pheomelanin | Koinei te momo e hoatu ana i te tae ki ō ngutu, ki ō uma, me ngā wāhi māwhero o tō tinana. Ko te hunga he ōrite te nui o te eumelanin me te pheomelanin, tera pea he whero ō rātou makawe. |
| Neuromelanin | He rerekē tēnei i ngā momo e rua, kāore e hoatu he tae ki ngā mea e kitea ana e ō tātou kanohi. Ka hoatu e te neuromelanin he tae ki ngā neurons, arā, ngā pūtau io, i roto i tō tātou roro. |
He aha te pānga o te melanin ki te rerekētanga o te tae kiri?
He mea tino whakamere tēnei. I te nuinga o te wā, he rite tonu te maha o ngā wheketere whakaputa melanin, arā, ngā melanocytes, i roto i ō tātou tinana. Heoi, he rerekē te nui o te melanin e whakaputaina ana e aua pūtau i ia tangata, i ia tangata.
Ki te kī māmā noa iho, ki te nui te melanin e hangaia ana e ō pūtau melanocyte, ka pōuri ake tō kiri, tō makawe, me ō kanohi. Ki te iti te melanin e hangaia ana e aua pūtau, ka mārama ake tō kiri, tō makawe, me ō kanohi. Ko ngā ira i runga i tō tātou kiri (ngā ira) he tautau noa iho o ngā pūtau melanocyte kua huihui ki te wāhi kotahi, ā, kei te whakaputa ake i te melanin.
Arā, ko te tae kiri he ine i te nui o te melanin e hangaia ana i roto i tō tātou tinana, ehara i te mea kē atu.
Te āwhina a te melanin ki te tiaki i tō tātou kiri mai i te rā
Ehara i te mea ko te melanin anake te mea e homai ana i te tae ki a tātou. He mea tino nui hei tiaki i roto i ō tātou tinana. Ina haere koe i te rā, ka tīmata tō tinana ki te whakaputa i te melanin. Kua kite pea koe ina haere koe i te rā, ka pōuri haere tō kiri. Nā te mea ka piki ake te hanga melanin.
He rite te mahi a tēnei melanin nui ki tētahi maru taiao, e mimiti ana i ngā hihi ultraviolet (UV) kino o te rā. Mā tēnei ka ārai i aua hihi kino kia kore e uru hohonu ki roto i tō tātou kiri, kia kino ai hoki ngā pūtau. Ka tiaki anō hoki i ngā mōhiohio ira kei roto i ō tātou pūtau.
Engari kia maumahara ki tēnei! Kāore e ranea te tiakitanga tūturu mai i te melanin anake hei tiaki i tō tātou kiri mai i te rā. Nō reira, ahakoa te tae o tō kiri, he mea nui kia whakamahia he pare rā pai i ia wā ka haere koe ki waho.
He aha atu ngā painga ka puta mai i te melanin?
Haunga te tiaki i a tātou mai i te rā, he pai anō hoki ngā painga o te melanin mō tātou.
- Te Parenga ki te ROS: Ina mahi ā tātou pūtau, ka puta he hua kino e kiia nei ko te "Reactive Oxygen Species - ROS". Ina kohia ēnei i roto i ā tātou pūtau, ka taea e rātou te whakareri wawe i a tātou, te whakawhanake i ngā mate pēnei i te mate huka, me te mate pukupuku. Ka mahi te melanin mā te hopu me te whakangaro i ēnei ROS kino.
- Te tautoko i te pūnaha ārai mate: Kua kitea e ētahi rangahau ka āwhina pea te melanin i tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate me te whakaiti i te mumura i roto i te tinana. Heoi, kei te mahia tonutia ētahi atu rangahau mō tēnei.
Ngā mate e puta mai ana i ngā rerekētanga o te hanga melanin
I ētahi wā, ka puta ngā momo āhuatanga hauora nā te hekenga o te hanga melanin i roto i te tinana, nā ētahi huringa rānei o roto. Me titiro tātou ki ētahi o aua āhuatanga.
| Te mate | He whakaahuatanga noa iho |
|---|---|
| Te kiriuhi | I tēnei āhua, ka whakangaromia e tō tātou ake pūnaha ārai mate ngā pūtau melanocyte e whakaputa ana i te melanin. Ka ngaro te tae o te kiri, ka puta mai ngā ira mā. Ahakoa ka pā tēnei ki te tangata katoa, ka kitea ake ēnei ira i roto i te hunga he kiri mangu. |
| Te mate pāwera | He mate onge tēnei e puta mai ana i te iti rawa o te melanin e whakaputaina ana e te tinana. He kiri mā, he makawe mā, he kanohi kikorangi hoki ō ēnei tāngata. He nui ake hoki te mōrearea o te tirohanga kino me te kino o te rā ki a rātou. |
| Melasma | Koinei te wā e puta ai ngā ira parauri, hina-kikorangi rānei i te mata, i ngā ringaringa rānei. Ka puta pea tēnei i ngā huringa homoni, i te pānga o te rā, me ngā pire ārai whānau. Mēnā he ira pēnei āu, he pai ake te toro atu ki te tākuta mō ētahi tohutohu. |
| Te ngaronga o te tae i muri i te kino o te kiri | Ki te pangia tō kiri, ki te wera, ki te pupuhi rānei, i ētahi wā, kāore pea te tinana e kaha ki te whakaputa anō i te melanin ki te wāhi kua pakaru. |
| Te ngoikore o te whakarongo | I te mea kei roto hoki i te taringa o roto te melanin, kua kitea ko te hunga he iti te melanin he nui ake te mōrearea ki te rongo. |
| Te mate a Parkinson | I a tātou e pakeke haere ana, ka piki ake te neuromelanin i roto i ō tātou roro. Heoi, i roto i te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate a Parkinson, ka heke iho tēnei nui o te neuromelanin i te matenga o ngā pūtau roro. |
Ka aha mēnā he nui rawa te melanin i roto i te tinana?
He nui rawa te melanin e whakaputaina ana e ētahi tāngata i roto i ō rātou tinana. Ka kiia tēnei he hyperpigmentation . Ehara tēnei i te āhuatanga kino. Ina tupu tēnei, ka pouri ake ētahi wāhi o te kiri i te kiri e karapoti ana.
He huarahi hei whakanui ake i ngā taumata melanin?
Ahakoa kei te mākete ētahi hua e kī ana ka whakanui ake i te melanin, kāore he taunakitanga pūtaiao mō tōna whai huatanga. Nō reira kaua e tinihangatia e ēnei mea. Waihoki, e whakaaro ana ētahi tāngata ka taea e te tanning te whakanui ake i te melanin. He whakaaro hē rawa atu tēnā, he whakaaro morearea hoki. Ko te tanning ka whakanui ake i te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku kiri.
He rerekē te Melanin me te Melatonin?
Āe, he tino rerekē ēnei e rua. Ahakoa he rite te tangi o ngā kupu e rua, he tino rerekē ā rāua mahi.
- Ko te melanin te tae e homai ana i te tae ki ō tātou kiri me ō tātou makawe.
- He homoni te melatonin e whakahaere ana i ā tātou huringa moe me te ara ake.
Ka taea e te hunga he nui te melanin i roto i ō rātou kiri te ngoikore i te huaora D?
He pātai nui anō hoki tēnei. E whakapono ana ētahi tohunga he nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga he kiri pōuri ake ki te kore huaora D i te hunga he kiri mārama ake. Nā te mea he nui ake te melanin e mimiti ana i ngā hihi UV e hiahiatia ana hei hanga huaora D. He rangahau kei te tautoko i tēnei, engari me nui ake ngā rangahau mō tēnei. Mena he ruarua āu mō tēnei, he pai ake te kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ētahi tohutohu.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He tae taiao te melanin e homai ana he tae ki ō tātou kiri, makawe, me ngā kanohi.
- Ahakoa e whakarato ana i te tiaki taiao mō te rā, kāore e ranea. Ahakoa te tae o tō kiri, he mea nui kia whakamahia he pare rā pai ina haere koe ki waho i te rā.
- Tērā pea he hononga tō te iti, tō te teitei rānei o te melanin ki ētahi āhuatanga hauora.
- Ki te kite koe i tētahi panoni hou ki te tae o tō kiri (pēnei i ngā ira mā, i ngā ira pango), he mea whakaaro nui kia kaua e mataku, engari me toro atu ki tētahi tākuta hei kōrero mōna.
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