Ka puta he awhiowhio o ngā kare ā-roto ina mōhio koe ka noho hei whaea, ā, kātahi ka tūtaki koe ki tētahi raupapa o ngā whakamātautau hauora . He mea noa te manukanuka, te hiahia rānei ki te mōhio ki ēnei whakamātautau. Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe, "He mea tika ēnei whakamātautau katoa? He aha tā rātou e rapu ana?" Me wehewehe ngātahi tātou i ēnei whakamātautau hapūtanga , kia māmā noa, kia mārama hoki.
He aha te hiranga o ēnei whakamātautau?
Ko te huarahi pai ki te whakaaro mō te whakamātautau hapūtanga ko te mahi hei tirotiro haumaru mōu me tō pēpi. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakaratohia e ēnei whakamātautau te whakaū whakamarie kei te haere tonu ngā mea katoa e tika ana. He nui te rangimarie o te hinengaro i te mōhio kei te ora tō pēpi, kāore?
Hei tāpiri atu, mā ēnei whakamātautau ka taea e tātou te hopu me te rongoā wawe i ngā mate. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā whakamātautau te tautuhi i te ngoikore o te rino ( anemia ) te mate huka hāpu rānei. Mēnā ka kitea, ka taea e tō tākuta te tīmata tonu i ngā maimoatanga e tika ana kia pai ai te putanga mōu me tō pēpi.
Ka tirotirohia e ētahi whakamātautau ngā mate ira, pērā i te Down syndrome , te cystic fibrosis , te spina bifida rānei. He mea tino maori te āwangawanga o ngā mātua ina kōrerohia ēnei tirotiro motuhake.
Ko te mea nui kia maumahara ko ēnei whakamātautau tirotiro anake e tohu ana i te taumata o te mōrearea. Kāore e whakarato i tētahi tautuhi tino tika . Ka whakamōhio noa mai mēnā he mōrearea teitei ake i te toharite, ā, ka āwhina i tō tīma hauora ki te whakatau mēnā me whai whakamātautau tautuhi anō.
I mua i te haere whakamua, me kōrero pono, tuwhera hoki ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora . Pātai atu mō ngā āhuatanga e tirohia ana e te whakamātautau, tōna tika, ngā mōrearea pea, me ngā mahi ka whai ake mēnā kāore ngā hua i rite ki tāu i tumanako ai. Ko te whiwhi māramatanga mai i tō tākuta te huarahi pai ki te haere whakamua me te māia.
Nā, kia titiro tātou ki ngā whakamātautau matua ka pā mai pea ki a koe i roto i ngā marama e iwa e whai ake nei.
Ngā Whakamātautau o te Kōanga Tuatahi (Marama 1-3)
Anei ētahi o ngā whakamātautau ā-tau e whakahaerehia ana i ngā marama tuatahi e toru o te hapūtanga.
| Whakamātautau | Ngā mea e tirohia ana e ia |
|---|---|
| Ngā Whakamātautau Toto | Ka tirohia e ēnei tō momo toto me te take Rh, te ārai mate ki te rubella, ngā taumata rino (hemoglobin), me te tirotiro mō ngā mate pēnei i te Hepatitis B, te syphilis, me te HIV. I ētahi wā, ka whakaurua hoki ngā whakamātautau mō ngā mate tuku iho pēnei i te thalassemia, te anemia pūtau sickle rānei. |
| Ngā Whakamātautau Mimi | Ka kitea e ēnei ngā mate tākihi, ā, ka whakaū i te haputanga mā roto i ngā taumata hCG. I roto i tō haputanga, ka whakamātauria tō mimi mō te hukahuka (he tohu o te mate huka) me te albumin (he pūmua ka tohu pea i te preeclampsia, te toto toto tiketike rānei). |
| Pap Smear me ngā Swabs | Mā te Pap smear ka tirohia te hauora o te kaki o te kōpū. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā swab hei tirotiro mō ngā mate pāwera pēnei i te chlamydia, te gonorrhea rānei, ngā huakita rānei ka arahi pea ki te whānautanga o mua. Mā te rongoā wawe i ēnei ka ārai i ngā raruraru mō tō pēpi. |
| Te Tātaritanga o ngā Awhiowhio Kōrionika (CVS) | Ehara tēnei i te whakamātautau noa. Ka tukuna ki ngā whaea neke atu i te 35 tau te pakeke, ki te hunga rānei he hītori whānau mō ngā mate ira. Mēnā ka mahia i waenga i ngā wiki 10 me te 12, ka taea te kite i ngā mate ira. He iti noa te mōrearea o te mate pēpi, tata ki te 1% e pā ana ki tēnei tikanga. |
Te Mārama ki te Whakamātautau Whakakotahi
Nō nā tata nei, kua wātea mai ngā tikanga matatau hei aromatawai i te mōrearea o ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te Down syndrome. I waenganui i te 10 me te 14 wiki, ka tirohia pea e tō tākuta ngā taumata toto o ngā homoni hCG me te PAP-A. Ka honoa tēnei ki te matawai ultrasound hei ine i te matotoru o te wāhi i muri i te kaki o te pēpi, e mōhiotia ana ko te nuchal translucency . Mā ngā raraunga kua whakakotahitia ka whakaratohia he aromatawai mōrearea tino tika.
Ngā Whakamātautau Tuarua o te Kōhanga (Marama 4-6)
Anei ngā whakamātautau matua ka tūtaki koe i waenganui o tō haerenga hapūtanga.
| Whakamātautau | Ngā mea e tirohia ana e ia |
|---|---|
| Te Tirotiro Tohu Maha | Ka mahia i waenga i ngā wiki 15 me te 18, ka inehia e tēnei whakamātautau toto te alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) me ētahi atu homoni e rua. Tērā pea he tohu te pikinga ake o te mōrearea o te Down syndrome, o ngā hapa ngongo io rānei mēnā he rerekē ngā taumata o te pēpi. Kia mahara anō he aromatawai mōrearea tēnei, ehara i te tātaritanga. |
| Matawai Ultrasound | I te nuinga o te wā ka mahia i waenga i ngā wiki 18 me te 20, ka taea e tō tākuta te tirotiro i te whanaketanga o ngā whekau o tō pēpi me te taipitopito. Ka aromatawaihia hoki te tipu o tō pēpi, tōna tūranga, tōna whenua whānau, me te mea kei te hapu koe i ngā māhanga. He mea nui tēnei ki ngā mātua, he wā hoki tēnei ki te kite mārama i tāu tamaiti! |
| Te Tirotiro Huka | I waenganui i ngā wiki 25 me te 28, ka tirotirohia koe mō te mate huka hāpu. Ka inu koe i te wai huka, ā, ka tirohia tō taumata huka toto i te haora i muri mai. Mena he teitei te pānui, ka whai ake he Whakamātautau Manawanui Huka (GTT) hei whakaū i te mate. |
| Te whakamātautau i te ine i te ira tangata | Pērā i te CVS, ehara tēnei i te mahi noa. E taunakihia ana mō ngā whaea neke atu i te 35 tau te pakeke, mō te hunga rānei kua puta he hua tirotiro rerekē i mua. I waenganui i te 15 me te 18 wiki, ka arahina he ngira e te ultrasound hei tango i tētahi tauira iti o te wai amniotic. He 99% te tika o tēnei whakamātautau mō te tautuhi i ngā mate ira motuhake, me te tino iti o te mōrearea o te mate whānau, tata ki te 0.5%. |
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He taputapu ngā whakamātautau i mua i te whānautanga hei pupuri i te rangimarie o tō hinengaro me te haumaru o tō pēpi, ehara i te mea hei wehi.
- Ko te nuinga o ngā whakamātautau ka āwhina i te tautuhi wawe i ngā mate ka taea te rongoā, ā, ka hua ake he hua haumaru ake.
- Ko ngā whakamātautau tirotiro mō ngā āhuatanga ira ka whakaatu noa i ngā taumata mōrearea; ehara i te mea he tino mate tō pēpi.
- Ki te mea he ruarua, he pātai rānei āu, kōrero noa ki tō tākuta . Kei reira rātou hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i te whakatau pai rawa atu mō tō āhuatanga ahurei.
- He haerenga ataahua tēnei, he haerenga whakarerekē i te ao. He tohu āwhina noa iho ēnei whakamātautau hei whakarite kia noho haumaru tō ara.
Ngā whakamātautau i mua i te whānautanga, te hapūtanga, te ultrasound, ngā whakamātautau toto, te amniocentesis, te Down syndrome
