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He aha ngā Thymoma me ngā Thymic Cancer?
Ki te whakarapopototanga, ko te thymoma me te thymic carcinoma he momo matepukupuku e rua e tīmata ana i roto i tō repe thymus . Kei muri i te wheua nui i waenganui o tō uma (wheua uma) te repe thymus. I a koe e tamariki ana, ka āwhina te repe thymus ki te whakawhanake i ngā T-lymphocytes, ngā pūtau-T rānei, he momo toto ma he wāhanga nui o te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana e whawhai ana ki te mate. Kei roto i te repe thymus ngā momo pūtau matua e rua: ngā pūtau epithelial me ngā lymphocytes . Ka taea e tētahi o ēnei momo pūtau te tipu rerekē, ā, ka noho hei matepukupuku.- Ko te tipu rerekē o ngā pūtau epithelial te take o te timoma me te carcinoma thymic .
- Ka taea e te tipu rerekē o ngā lymphocytes te arahi ki ngā mate pukupuku pērā i te Hodgkin lymphoma , te non-Hodgkin lymphoma rānei.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te Thymoma me te Thymic Carcinoma?
Ahakoa he pukupuku epithelial thymic (TET) ēnei e rua, he maha ngā rerekētanga nui.- Timoma: He mate pukupuku puhoi te tipu i te nuinga o te wā. Kāore e horapa ki tua atu i te repe timus.
- Te Matepukupuku Thymic: He matepukupuku tere te tipu . He nui hoki te tūponotanga ka horapa (metastasizing) ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana.
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Ko te Thymoma me te thymic carcinoma te mea tino noa i roto i ngā pakeke i waenga i te 40 me te 75 tau te pakeke. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau i ngā whenua pēnei i te United States he nui ake te noa o te mate i roto i ngā tāngata nō Āhia, nō ngā Moutere o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa rānei. Heoi, he mea nui kia mahara ka taea te whanake i roto i te tangata. He maha ngā wā ka honoa te Thymoma ki ngā āhuatanga e kiia nei ko ngā autoimmune paraneoplastic syndromes . Koinei te wā ka whakaekea hētia e te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana ōna ake pūtau hauora. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaputa i ngā momo tohu whakararuraru. Ko ētahi o ngā syndromes e tino honoa ana ki te thymoma ko:- Myasthenia gravis: He mate pūnaha ārai mate tēnei e pā ana ki ngā io me ngā uaua, ka ngoikore ai te uaua .
- Te korenga o ngā pūtau toto whero parakore (PRCA): He mate toto tēnei e kore ai e nui ngā pūtau toto whero e whakaputaina e tō hinu wheua, ka puta ai te anemia .
- Hypogammaglobulinemia (te mate pai rānei): He ngoikore tēnei o te pūnaha ārai mate. I konei, kāore tō tinana e whakaputa i ngā paturopi e ranea ana hei whawhai i te mate me te ārai i te mate urutā.
- Polymyositis
- Lupus erythematosus
- te rumatiki
- Te mate tairoidi
- Te mate a Sjögren
He pēhea te noa o te mate timoma me te mate pukupuku timiki?
Ko te Thymoma me te thymic carcinoma ngā momo mate pukupuku e tino kitea ana i roto i te repe thymus. Heoi, i te nuinga o te wā, he tino onge ēnei mate pukupuku . Hei tauira, ahakoa i roto i tētahi whenua nui pērā i te Hononga o Amerika, tata ki te 400 noa iho ngā tāngata e kitea ana tēnei mate i ia tau.He aha ngā tohu o te thymoma me te thymic carcinoma?
He tokomaha te hunga kāore e whakaatu i ngā tohu i ngā wāhanga tōmua.Ka tīmata te puta o ngā tohu ina kua tipu te mate pukupuku, ā, kua tīmata te pā ki ētahi atu okana o te uma. Ko ētahi o ngā tohu e pā ana ki ngā mate paraneoplastic i whakahuatia i mua ake nei.Ngā tohu i puta mai i te mate pukupuku e pā ana ki te whekau o te uma
Ko te mamae me te uaua ki te manawa he tohu pea nō te mate thymoma, te mate thymic carcinoma rānei. Koinei ngā tohu:- Te mamae o te uma, te kare rānei e mākū ana te uma.
- He maremare pumau e kore e memeha.
- Te poto o te manawa.
- Te uaua ki te horomi i te kai.
- Maremare
- Te uaua ki te manawa
- Ngenge
- Pōuriuri
- Ānini
- Te pupuhi o te kaki me te mata
- Te pupuhi o ngā ringa me ngā nikau
- He mārama te kitea o ngā uaua i te taha whakarunga o te tinana
Ngā āhuatanga o ngā mate paraneoplastic
Mena he thymoma tōu, tera pea ka pāngia koe e tētahi, e ētahi rānei o ngā tohu o ngā mate paraneoplastic. Hei tauira:- Te tirohanga takirua, te kamo e takoto kau ana, te ngenge nui, me te ngoikore o ngā uaua (he tohu ēnei o te myasthenia gravis).
- Te kore toto toto (tērā pea nā te korenga o ngā pūtau toto whero parakore tēnei).
- Ngā mate pāwera auau, te korere, me te pupuhi o ngā kōpū lymph (he tohu ēnei o te hypogammaglobulinemia).
He aha ngā take o te mate thymoma (carcinoma thymic)?
Ina hoki, kāore anō kia kitea he āhuatanga mōrearea ira, i te taiao rānei mō te thymoma . Kei te haere tonu ngā rangahau hei whakatau mēnā he hononga tēnei mate ki ngā momo huaketo, ngā awe tuku iho, me ētahi atu momo mate pukupuku.Me pēhea te tātaritanga o te thymoma (carcinoma thymic)? (Tauātanga)
Tērā pea ka kitea e tō tākuta kei a koe tēnei momo pukupuku i muri i te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau whakaahua hei rapu i te pūtake o ō tohumate. Hei whakaū i te mate, ka tirotirohia e tō tākuta te tinana, ka pātai atu mō ō tohumate me tō hītori hauora. Kātahi ka mahia e rātou tētahi, ētahi rānei o ngā whakamātautau e whai ake nei hei ako atu mō te pukupuku:- X-ray o te uma: Ka taea e te X-ray te whakaatu i ngā mea pēnei i ngā pukupuku i roto i te tinana. Ka taea hoki e ia te whakarato i ngā kōrero nui, pēnei i te pai o te tautuhi i ngā taha o te pukupuku. He māmā ake te tango i te pukupuku he mārama ngā taha mā te pokanga.
- Matawai CT:Ko te matawai CT o te uma te whakamātautau whakaahua e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei tātaritanga i te thymoma. I ētahi wā ka werohia pea e tō tākuta he wai motuhake (he rauemi whakawhiti) ki roto i tō uaua. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te puta mārama o te pukupuku i runga i te matawai. I te nuinga o te wā, he nui te matawai CT hei tātaritanga i te thymoma, i te thymic carcinoma rānei.
- Matawai MRI: Ka taea e te MRI te whakaputa whakaahua tino taipitopito o te puku. Ka āwhina tēnei i te tākuta ki te wehewehe i a ia mai i ētahi atu momo tipu. Hei tauira, ka taea e te MRI te āwhina ki te whakatau mēnā he thymoma, he carcinoma thymic rānei.
- Matawai PET, matawai PET/CT rānei: I te wā o te matawai PET, ka werohia e te tākuta he huka haumaru, he irahiko ki roto i tō uaua. Ka kohia e tēnei otinga ngā pūtau e whakamahi ana i te nui o te pūngao, pērā i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Mā tēnei ka kitea ake ngā mea pērā i ngā pukupuku i te matawai. He maha ngā wā, ka taea te mahi i te matawai PET me te matawai CT i te wā kotahi (PET/CT).
- Biopsy: Ko te huarahi anake hei whakaū i te mate ko te mahi i te biopsy. Koinei te wāhi ka tangohia e te tākuta he tauira o ngā pūtau mai i te pukupuku ka tirohia i raro i te karuārai. Mena he haumaru te mahi pera, ka tangohia e te tākuta te pukupuku katoa ka tirohia ngā pūtau. Mena kāore e taea te tango i te pukupuku katoa, ka tangohia he tauira anake hei tirotiro.
Me pēhea te whakatau i te wāhanga o te thymoma (carcinoma thymic)?
Ko te whakarōpūtanga o te mate pukupuku te whakarōpūtanga o te mate pukupuku e ai ki tōna kaha. He maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te whakatau i te kaha o te mate. Mā te mōhio ki te taumata o tō mate pukupuku ka āwhina i tō tākuta ki te whakamahere maimoatanga, ā, ka hoatu he whakaaro ki a koe mō ō tupono ki te ora. Ka whakarōpūtia te mate Thymoma me te mate pukupuku thymic mā te whakamahi i te pūnaha TNM . Ko te TNM te tikanga o te Tumor, Nodes, and Metastasis. Hei whakatau i te taumata o tō mate pukupuku, ka rapu ngā tākuta i ngā whakautu ki ngā pātai pēnei i:- Puku (T): He puku kei reira? He aha te rahi? Kei hea?
- Ngā Pūnaha Lymph (N): Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā pūnaha lymph? Ko ēhea ngā pūnaha lymph? Kia pēhea te horapa?
- Te horapa o te mate pukupuku (M): Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana i waho o te repe thymus? Ki ēhea wāhanga?
He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te thymoma (carcinoma thymic)?
Ko te maimoatanga e whiwhi ana koe ka whakawhirinaki ki ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki te momo mate pukupuku kei a koe, te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku, me te mea kua kitea houtia te mate pukupuku, kua hoki mai rānei. Ko ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga pea ko:- Pokanga: Ka taea e te taote pokanga uma te tango i tō pukupuku mā te pokanga. Mena kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā kōpū lymph, ki te repe thymus, ki te arai pukahukahu rānei, ka tangohia pea e rātou ētahi wāhanga o taua pukupuku. Ko te pokanga te maimoatanga matua mō te thymoma i te wā tōmua. Mena kāore e taea te tango haumaru i te pukupuku katoa, ka tangohia e te taote pokanga te nuinga o taua pukupuku hei whakaiti i ngā tohu i puta mai i te pukupuku.
- Whakaora irahiko: Ka taea e te tākuta matepukupuku irahiko te tuku irahiko ki te matepukupuku mā te whakamahi i te whakaora irahiko hihi o waho . Ka whakamahia e tēnei maimoatanga he mīhini hei tuku i ngā hihi-X ki te puku hei patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Ka taea te whakamahi takitahi, te whakamahi tahi rānei me ētahi atu maimoatanga, pērā i te chemotherapy, te pokanga rānei.
- Te rongoā matū: Ki te kore e taea e te pokanga te tango i te pukupuku, ka hoatu pea he rongoā rongoā matū hei patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. Tērā pea ka tohua e te tākuta toto, e te tākuta matepukupuku rānei he rongoā matū hei whakaiti i te pukupuku i mua i te pokanga, hei rongoā rānei i te matepukupuku kua hoki mai anō.
- Whakaora arotahi: Mena he rerekētanga ira motuhake ō pūtau matepukupuku, ka tukuna pea he rongoā arotahi ki a koe. Kua hangaia ēnei maimoatanga hei arotahi ki aua rerekētanga ira motuhake, hei patu hoki i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. He kōwhiringa maimoatanga pea tēnei mō te thymoma me te thymic carcinoma mena kāore i angitu ētahi atu maimoatanga, pērā i te chemotherapy.
- Whakaora Ārai Mate: Ka whakapakari tēnei maimoatanga i tō pūnaha ārai mate hei āwhina i a ia ki te kite me te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. He kōwhiringa pea tēnei mō te matepukupuku thymic kāore e aro ki te chemotherapy.
- Ngā whakamātautau haumanu: He rangahau te whakamātautau haumanu e whakamātautau ana i te haumaru me te whai huatanga o ngā maimoatanga mate pukupuku hou, rerekē rānei. I runga i te momo mate pukupuku e whakamahia ana e koe, tera pea ka taea e koe te uru atu ki tētahi o ēnei kaupapa e whakamātautau ana i ngā maimoatanga mate pukupuku hou. Pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō tēnei.
Tērā pea ka tūtohu tō tākuta kia mahi tahi koe me tētahi tīma tiaki mamae hei tautoko i a koe puta noa i tō tātaritanga mate pukupuku. Kei roto i ngā tohunga tiaki mamae ngā tākuta, ngā nēhi, me ētahi atu tohunga. Ka taea e rātou te āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku me ngā pānga taha o te maimoatanga. Ahakoa te wāhanga o tō mate pukupuku, te tūponotanga rānei ki te ora, he rauemi nui te tiaki mamae.
He aha te ōrau oranga mō te thymoma me te thymic carcinoma?
I te nuinga o te wā, he pai ake te matapae o te mate thymoma i ngā mate pukupuku thymic. Waihoki, ki te mea kei te repe thymus anake te mate pukupuku, he pai ake te tere ora i te mea kua horapa te mate pukupuku. Ko ngā tere ora e rima tau mō te mate pukupuku thymic koia ēnei (kia mahara, he tatauranga toharite ēnei):- Mena kei roto anake i te repe thymus te mate pukupuku: 95%
- Mena kua horapa ki ngā whekau tata me ngā kōpū lymph: 78%
- Mena kua horapa ki ngā wāhanga tawhiti o te tinana (kua horapa): 38%
He aha taku e tumanako atu ai mēnā kei a au tēnei mate pukupuku?
I ētahi wā, ka ngaro katoa pea ngā tohu me ngā āhuatanga o te mate pukupuku (whakaora) , ā, kāore pea te mate pukupuku e hoki mai anō. Heoi, i ētahi wā, ka taea e ngā momo mate pukupuku e rua te hoki mai anō (hoki mai anō) . Mō te thymoma, ka roa pea te mate pukupuku e kore e hoki mai anō. Heoi anō, me haere tonu koe ki te tirotiro i ngā wā katoa kia mōhio ai koe kāore he mate pukupuku i a koe.He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki taku tākuta?
Kōrero ki tō tīma hauora mō ō whiringa tātaritanga me te maimoatanga. Kaua e mangere ki te pātai i ō pātai mō te mate pukupuku me tōna pānga ki tō oranga. Akene he pai ki a koe te pātai i ngā pātai pēnei i:- He aha te wāhanga o taku matepukupuku?
- He aha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga kei a au?
- E āhei ana ahau ki te whai wāhi atu ki tētahi whakamātautau haumanu? E taunaki ana koe kia whai wāhi atu ahau?
- He aha te whāinga o te maimoatanga?
- He aha ngā pānga taha e tika ana kia tumanakohia e au?
- Āhea ahau me tumanako ka tīmata ngā pānga taha?
- He aha te tūponotanga ka hoki mai anō te mate pukupuku?
- He aha te pānga o taku tātaritanga me taku maimoatanga ki tōku ao?
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