Kua pāngia koe e te mamae nui, e kore e taea te tu atu, ka tīmata ohorere mai i te taha kotahi o tō tuara, ka horapa ki tō puku o raro? E whakataurite ana ētahi i tēnei mamae ki te mamae o te whānautanga. Mēnā he mamae nui pēnei, ā, he uaua ki te mimi , he toto rānei kei roto i tō mimi, he tohu pea tēnei kua piri te kōhatu tākihi ki roto i te urethra. I tēnei rā kei te kōrero tātou mō ngā Kōhatu Ureteral, arā, ngā kōhatu tākihi e piri ana ki roto i te urethra. Kaua e manukanuka, me whakamārama e tātou ngā mea katoa i roto i ngā kupu māmā noa iho.
He kupu ngāwari noa iho, he aha ngā kōhatu ureter?
Ko te kōhatu ureter he kōhatu tākihi kua pakaru, kua piri ki roto i te ngongo angiangi e kawe ana i te mimi mai i te tākihi ki te pūkahukahu. Ko te ureter te ingoa o tēnei ngongo. E rua ngā ngongo pēnei mō ā tātou tākihi katoa.
Whakaarohia he rite ki ngā tātari e rua i roto i tō tātou tinana. Ka horoia e rātou te toto, ka tangohia hoki ngā para hei mimi. I ētahi wā, ka taea e ngā kohuke me ngā tote i roto i tō mimi te hanga i ngā kōhatu iti, pūkohu. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou he kōhatu tākihi, he calculi rānei. I te mea kei roto tonu ēnei kōhatu i te tākihi , kāore pea e puta he raruraru. Engari ina pakaru mai, ka tīmata te neke iho i te ngongo whaiti, ka tīmata te raruraru. He whaiti te ngongo, nō reira ka mau te kōhatu ki reira. Kātahi ka āraia te rere o te mimi, ka pupuhi te ngongo, ā, koinei te take o te mamae e kore e taea te manawanui.
He rerekē te rahi o ēnei kōhatu. He tino iti ngā kōhatu, he iti rawa ki te kitea e te kanohi tahanga, ka puta mai i te tinana me te mimi, kāore he raruraru. Engari ina nui haere te kōhatu, ka mau ki roto i te awaawa ka tīmata te whakaatu i ngā tohu.
Kia maumahara, ehara ngā kōhatu whatukuhu i te mea onge pērā i tō whakaaro. Kotahi anake i roto i te tekau tāngata o te ao ka pāngia e tēnei mate. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei.
He aha ngā momo matua o ngā kōhatu whatukuhu?
Ehara i te mea kotahi te momo o ēnei kōhatu e puta mai ana i roto i ō tātou tinana. He maha ngā momo matua e ahu mai ana i ngā matū e puta ai aua kōhatu. Mā te mōhio ki te momo kōhatu kei a koe ka āwhina i a koe ki te rongoā me te ārai i tōna putanga mai anō.
| Momo Kōhatu | He rite tonu te hanganga ki tēnei: |
|---|---|
| Ngā kōhatu konupūmā | Koinei te momo e tino kitea ana. Ina piki te nui o te konupūmā i roto i te mimi, ka honoa ki te konupūmā oxalate , ki te konupūmā phosphate rānei hei hanga i ēnei kōhatu. |
| Ngā kōhatu waikawa uric | Ka taea te hanga i tēnei momo kōhatu mēnā he nui rawa te waikawa uric i roto i tō mimi. Ko te hunga e kai nui ana i te mīti whero me te ika, ā, kāore e inu nui ana i te wai, he nui ake te mōrearea. |
| Ngā kōhatu Struvite | Ka puta pinepine ēnei kōhatu i muri i te mate mimi (UTI) . Ka whakarerekētia e ngā huakita e puta ai te mate te hanganga matū o te mimi, ka puta ai ēnei kōhatu. |
| Ngā kōhatu cystine | He mea onge tēnei. Ka puta ēnei kōhatu i te mate ira tuku iho e kiia nei ko te Cystinuria, e puta ai te waikawa amino cystine mai i ngā whatukuhu ki roto i te mimi. |
He aha ngā tohu o te mau o te kōhatu?
Ko te nuinga o ngā kōhatu ririki ka puta mā roto i te tinana, kāore he haruru. Engari, ki te nui te kōhatu hei aukati i tētahi awa toto, ka tino tīmata koe ki te rongo. Ka tīmata ohorere pea ēnei tohu.
| Tohu | He aha te āhua o tēnā? |
|---|---|
| Mamae nui | He mamae koi e tīmata ana i te taha kotahi o te tuara, i raro noa iho i ngā rara. Kāore tēnei mamae e mau tonu, engari ka haere mai, ka haere (wā poto). Ka horapa pea tēnei mamae ki te puku o raro me te rohe o te hope. |
| Te mamae i te wā e mimi ana | Te wera, te mamae rānei i te wā e mimi ana. |
| Ngā huringa o te mimi | Tērā pea ka puta te mimi he māwhero, he whero, he parauri rānei nā te toto i roto i te mimi. Tērā pea ka puta hoki he kapua i roto i te mimi. |
| Te hiahia tonu ki te mimi | Ahakoa kāore te pūhā i te kī, he maha tonu te hiahia ki te mimi. Heoi, ina mimi koe, he iti noa iho te wai e puta mai ana. |
| Te ruaki me te whakapairuaki | Tērā pea ka puta te whakapairuaki me te ruaki me te mamae nui. |
| Te kirika me te makariri | Mena ka puta tahi mai he mate mimi me te kōhatu, ka puta pea ngā tohu pēnei i te kirika, te makariri, me te wiri. |
Ngā take me ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te hanganga o te kōhatu
Ko te take māmā rawa, he nui ake ngā matū hanga kōhatu (kiriata) i roto i tō mimi i te wai. Ina nui te wai e inuhia ana e tātou, ka rewa ēnei matū, ka puta atu i roto i te mimi. Engari ina iti ake te wai e inuhia ana e tātou, ka nui ake te kukū o te mimi, ā, ka tīmata ēnei matū ki te here tahi, ka hanga kōhatu.
Ahakoa ka taea e te tangata katoa te whakawhanake i ngā kōhatu, he nui ake te mōrearea o ētahi tāngata.
- Mō ngā tāne: Ahakoa ka taea hoki e ngā wāhine me ngā tamariki te whakawhanake i ngā kōhatu, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia ngā tāne e ēnei kōhatu.
- I waenganui i te 40 me te 60 tau: He nui ake te mōrearea o te hunga o tēnei reanga.
- He hītori o te hanganga kōhatu o mua: Mena kua whai kōhatu koe i mua, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka puta anō.
- Hītori whānau : Mena kua pāngia tetahi o tō whānau (whaea, pāpā, tuākana/teina) e ngā kōhatu wai, kei te mōrearea anō hoki koe.
- Te kore e inu wai nui: Ko te hunga e mahi kaha ana, e whakakori tinana ana rānei, ka nui ake te mōrearea mena kāore e inu wai nui.
- Ko ētahi āhuatanga hauora: Ko te mate huka momo 2 , te momona nui (BMI neke atu i te 30), ngā mate mumura o te whekau pērā i te mate a Crohn, te mate ulcerative colitis rānei, me te mate tākihi polycystic ka piki ake te mōrearea o te hanganga kōhatu.
Me pēhea e kitea ai tēnei e koe, e Tākuta?
Mena kei a koe ngā tohu kua whakahuatia ake nei, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta i te wā e taea ai. Ka pātai atu ia ki a koe mō ō tohu me tō hītori whānau. Kātahi ka whakaritea e ia ētahi whakamātautau hei whakaū mēnā he kohatu tākihi.
- Te tātari mimi: Mā tēnei ka tirohia tō mimi mō ngā tohu o te mate, te toto, me ngā kohuke ka puta ai ngā kōhatu. Tērā pea ka mahia he ahurea mimi mēnā e whakapaetia ana he mate.
- Whakamātautau toto: Mā tēnei ka kitea te mahi a ō whatukuhu, mēnā he mate pāwera tōu, me te mea he raruraru kē atu ka whai wāhi ki te hanganga o ngā kōhatu.
- Ngā Matawai:
- Matawai ultrasound: Ka whakamahia ngā ngaru oro hei tirotiro mō ngā aukati i roto i te ara mimi.
- Hiko-X: Ka kitea ētahi momo kōhatu mā te whakamātautau hihi-X.
- Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko - matawai CT): Koinei te whakamātautau tino tika e mahia ana. Ka taea te whakatau tika i te rahi, te wāhi, me te pakeke o te kōhatu. He mea tino nui ēnei mōhiohio mō te whakamahere maimoatanga.
He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei?
Ko te maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi o te kōhatu, tōna wāhi, me te rauemi i hangaia ai. Ka whakaarohia e tō tākuta ēnei āhuatanga katoa, ā, ka tūtohu i te maimoatanga pai rawa atu māu.
Mō ngā kōhatu iti
Mena he iti iho i te 4-5 mm te rahi o te kōhatu, tera pea ka puta mai i roto i tō tinana me te mimi. Tērā pea ka roa te kotahi ki te rua wiki. I roto i tēnei wā:
- Ngā rongoā whakamamae: Ka tohua e te tākuta he rongoā hei whakahaere i te mamae nui.
- Rongoā mō te ruaki: Mēnā ka whakapairuaki, ka ruaki hoki, ka hoatu hoki he rongoā mō tēnā.
- Ngā rongoā hei āwhina i te puta o ngā kōhatu (Medical Expulsive Therapy - MET): Ka taea te hoatu rongoā pēnei i ngā "alpha-blockers" hei whakangāwari i ngā uaua o te urethra, hei āwhina hoki i te kōhatu kia ngāwari ake te puta.
I tēnei wā, ka kīia atu kia inu koe i te iti rawa i te 3 rita wai i te rā . Mā tēnei ka horoia te pūnaha mimi, ā, ka tere ake te puta o te kōhatu.
Mō ngā kōhatu nunui, mō ngā ārai rānei
Mena he nui te kōhatu, he mamae nui te mamae, he aukati katoa rānei i te rere o te mimi, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta (he tākuta mimi te nuinga o te wā) i tētahi o ngā maimoatanga e whai ake nei:
| Tikanga maimoatanga | He whakamārama ngāwari noa iho |
|---|---|
| Te whakatōtōtanga o ngā ngaru ru | Ka tukuna ngā ngaru ru kaha-nui mai i waho o te tinana hei wawahi i ngā kōhatu. Kātahi ka tukuna ngāwaritia ngā kōhatu ririki ki roto i te mimi. |
| Ureteroscopy (tango kōhatu mā roto i te ngongo) | Ka whakaurua he ngongo angiangi, roa, ngāwari, me te kāmera e piri ana mā roto i te urethra, ā, ka tae atu ki te kōhatu, ka hopukina, ka tangohia. Mena he nui te kōhatu, ka whakamahia he hihi laser hei wawahi me te tango i ngā wahi. |
| Te tango i ngā kōhatu mā te tapahi iti i te kiri (Percutaneous nephrolithotomy) | Ka mahia tēnei mō ngā kōhatu nunui rawa. Ka tapahia he kōhatu iti ki te tuara, ka whakaurua he taputapu ki roto i te whatukuhu hei kimi me te tango i te kōhatu. |
| Ngā stent ureteral | He otinga rangitahi tēnei. Ka whakaurua he ngongo angiangi ki roto i te urethra hei āwhina i te rere o te mimi i tua atu i te kōhatu kua āraia. He tino whai hua tēnei i ngā wā ohorere. |
Ka taea te ārai i te hanganga anō o ngā kōhatu?
Ae, tera pea e taea! Kia pāngia te tangata e te kōhatu, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia anō ia e te kōhatu. Koia te mea nui kia huri noa i tō āhua noho me tō kai.
- Wai, wai, nui atu te wai! Ko te mea pai rawa atu ka taea e koe ko te inu i te nui o te wai. Inuhia kia 3 rita te iti rawa o te wai i te rā. Ko te wai te mea pai. He pai hoki ngā mea pēnei i te wai rēmana me te wai karaka. Ko te huarahi pai ki te mōhio kei te nui tō wai e inu ana ko te tirotiro i te tae o tō mimi. Mena he kōwhai mārama, he nui te wai e inuhia ana e koe.
- Whakaitihia te pūmua kararehe: Mā te kai nui rawa i te pūmua kararehe pēnei i te mīti whero, te ika, me ngā hua manu ka piki ake te taumata o te waikawa uric, ā, ka puta hoki he kōhatu. Engari, tāpirihia he pūmua tipu pēnei i te rēneti, te pīni pīni, te pīni kakariki, me te pīni soya ki tō kai.
- Whakahaerehia te tote: Whakaitihia te nui o te tote e kainga ana e koe i ia rā. Tāpirihia te raima, te pepa, me ngā mea kakara ki tāu kai hei whakapai ake i tōna reka.
- Whakawhāitihia ngā kai he nui te oxalate: He nui te oxalate i roto i ngā kai pēnei i te pīnihi, te pīnati, te nati kāhew, te rīwai, me te pīti. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te karo katoa i ēnei, engari he pai ake te whakawhāiti i tāu kai. Mā te kai tahi me ngā kai he nui te konupūmā (miraka, miraka kawa) ka āwhina i te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hanganga kōhatu.
Tērā pea ka hoatu e tō tākuta he tātari motuhake hei kohi i ngā kōhatu e puta mai ana. Kātahi ka tirohia ngā kōhatu, ā, i runga i te momo, ka hoatu he tohutohu motuhake hei ārai i te puta mai o ngā kōhatu a muri ake nei.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He tino kino te mamae e puta mai ana i te kōhatu whatukuhu. Mēnā ka pā mai ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae ohorere o te tuara/waewae, te toto i roto i tō mimi, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu. Mēnā e tika ana, me haere ki te Tari Whawhati Tata (ETU) o te hōhipera tata.
- Ko te huarahi pai me te huarahi māmā rawa atu hei ārai i te hanganga o ngā kōhatu ko te inu wai i ia rā.
- He maha ngā wā ka memeha noa ngā kōhatu ririki mā te rongoā me te inu nui i te wai. He tino whai hua, he haumaru hoki ngā maimoatanga mō ngā kōhatu nunui.
- Mā te whakarerekē i tō kai me tō momo noho, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te whakawhanake anō i ngā kōhatu a muri ake nei.
- Ahakoa he whakarihariha, he mamae hoki tēnei mate, ka taea te whakaora katoa mā te maimoatanga tika. Nō reira kaua e mataku, engari me whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.
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