Me ako tātou mō te hanganga o ngā kōhatu i roto i te ara mimi (Ngā Kōhatu Ureteral). Kei te pāngia hoki koe e tēnei mamae nui?

Kei te whakapairuaki koe i ētahi wā, me te mamae nui i tō tuara o raro, i raro noa i ō rara? Kei te ahua me mimi koe, ā, e mamae ana, i ētahi wā me mimi pakupaku, ā, ka horapa te mamae ki tō puku? Mena koinā, tera pea he mate kei a koe e kiia nei ko "ngā kōhatu ureter ." Me kōrero taipitopito atu tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā, pērā i te kōrero ki tētahi hoa.

He aha ngā kōhatu ureteral?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, he mea totoka te kōhatu ureter, he āhua koretake, ka piri ki roto i tētahi o ō ureter, arā, ngā ngongo angiangi e rua e kawe ana i te mimi mai i ō whatukuhu ki tō pūhā (te wāhi e rongoa ai te mimi ). He rite ki ngā kirikiri ririki te āhua. I mōhio koe he kotahi te ureter o ia whatukuhu?

Ka taea e ēnei kōhatu te hanga i te taha maui, i te taha matau rānei o te urethra. Ko te urethra o te pakeke he 10 ki te 12 inihi te roa. Ka taea e ēnei kōhatu te noho ki te taha whakarunga o te urethra, e tata ana ki te whatukuhu, ki te taha raro rānei, e tata ana ki te pūhā.

I te nuinga o te wā, he tino iti ēnei kōhatu mimi . Ko ētahi o aua kōhatu kāore e kitea e te kanohi tahanga. Ka horoia atu i roto i te mimi, nō reira kāore he raruraru e pā mai ana.

Heoi, ki te nui rawa te kōhatu whatukuhu, ka ārai pea i te rere o te mimi mai i ngā whatukuhu ki te pūhā. Koinā te wā ka puta te mamae nui. Ka puta ēnei kōhatu ina huihui ngā kohuke me ngā tote i roto i tō mimi. Ka puta tuatahi hei tioata iti, kātahi ka tupu hei kōhatu nui ake.

"Nā, he rite tonu ēnei kōhatu ureter ki ngā kōhatu tākihi?" Ae, ko te kōhatu ureter he kōhatu e hanga ana i roto i te tākihi, ka pakaru, ka noho ki roto i te ureter.

He aha ngā momo matua o ngā kōhatu mimi?

E whā ngā momo matua o ngā kōhatu mimi:

• Ngā kōhatu konupūmā : Koinei ngā momo tino noa. E rua ngā momo: ngā kōhatu '(Calcium oxalate)' me ngā kōhatu '(Calcium phosphate)'.
• Ngā kōhatu waikawa uric: Ka puta ēnei momo kōhatu ina piki ake te nui o te waikawa uric i roto i tō mimi.
• Ngā kōhatu struvite: I ētahi wā ka puta mai i ngā mate mimi ( UTI).Ka taea e ēnei kōhatu te hanga i muri i te pānga o ngā huarere ki ngā whatukuhu. Ko ngā matū matua o tēnei kōhatu ko te konupūmā ammonium phosphate (struvite) me te konupūmā waro-apatite.
• Ngā kōhatu cystine: Nā te mate ira e kīia nei ko te "Cystinuria" ēnei kōhatu cystine. Mā tēnei mate ka kohia te waikawa amino cystine ki roto i te mimi i mua i tōna wehenga atu i ngā whatukuhu.

Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i ngā kōhatu mimi?

Ka taea e te tangata katoa te pāngia e ngā kōhatu whatukuhu, engari he nui ake te mōrearea o ēnei tāngata e whai ake nei:

• Mō ngā tāne.
• Mō te iwi Pākehā (e ai ki ngā raraunga mai i ngā whenua o tāwāhi tēnei).
• Mō te hunga i waenga i te 40 me te 60 tau te pakeke.
• Mō te hunga kua pāngia e ngā kōhatu mimi i mua.
• Mena kua pāngia tetahi o te whānau e ngā kōhatu whatukuhu.
• Mō te hunga e inu iti ana i te wai.
• Mō te hunga he mate huka (Diabetes Mellitus).
• Mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate tākihi polycystic.

Ka kitea anō hoki tēnei āhuatanga i roto i a tātou i Sri Lanka. Tērā pea ka pāngia tātou e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te iti o te inu wai me te mahi i roto i tētahi taiao e nui ai te werawera.

He pēhea te noa o ēnei kōhatu mimi?

E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te Hononga o Amerika, tata ki te kotahi i roto i te 1,000 ngā pakeke e haria ana ki te hōhipera i ia tau nā te mea he kōhatu mimi. E kīia ana hoki ko te kotahi i roto i te waru te tūponotanga ka pāngia e te kōhatu i roto i te oranga. Kāore i te iti tēnei āhuatanga i Sri Lanka.

He aha ngā tohu o ēnei kōhatu mimi?

Mena he iti rawa ngā kōhatu mimi, ka taea e rātou te haere mā roto i tō pūnaha mimi, kāore he tohu.

Heoi, ki te nui rawa ngā kōhatu hei aukati i tō ara mimi, ka pāngia pea koe e ngā tohu pēnei i:

• Mamae nui: He mamae wā poto tēnei, kāore e mau tonu. I te nuinga o te wā ka tīmata i te tuara o raro, i raro i ngā rara. Ka rite ki te wero a te maripi.
• Te horapa o te mamae: Ka horapa pea tēnei mamae ki te puku o raro, ā, i ētahi wā ki te wāhi ira tangata.
• Te mamae, te wera rānei i te wā e mimi ana.
• Te whakapairuaki.
• Te ruaki.
• Te toto i roto i te mimi, te rerekētanga rānei o te tae: Tērā pea he parauri, he māwhero, he whero rānei te mimi.
• Mimi kapua.
• Te hiahia kia mimi pinepine.
• He iti noa te turuturu o te mimi.

Whakaarohia, i tētahi pō, ka pāngia a Nilanthi e te mamae nui i tōna tuara. Kāore i taea e ia te whakaaro he aha te mea i tupu. Nā te kino o te mamae, kāore i taea e ia te tū tika. I tōna haerenga ki te hōhipera ka mōhio ia kua mau te kōhatu ki roto i tōna urethra.

He aha i puta ai ēnei kōhatu mimi?

Ko te take matua o te hanganga o ngā kōhatu whatukuhu ko te pikinga ake o te nui o ngā matū hanga kōhatu i roto i tō mimi. I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta ēnei matū i roto i te pūnaha mimi, kāore he raruraru. Engari kāore tēnei e tupu nā te mea kāore tō tinana e whakaputa i te nui o te mimi hei whakarewa, hei horoi rānei i ēnei matū. I te nuinga o te wā, nā te mea kāore koe e inu i te nui o te wai. Kātahi ka kohikohi haere ēnei matū, ka tīmata te hanga kōhatu.

Ko ngā rauemi matua hei hanga i tēnei kohatu ko:

• Konupūmā
• Oxalate
• Waikawa urika
• Phosphate
• Cystine
• Xanthine

Kia pēhea te roa ka noho te kōhatu ki roto i te urethra?

He rerekē tēnei mea i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Nā te mea he rerekē tō tinana i tō tētahi atu, ka rerekē pea te roa o te wā e pau ana ki te tuku i te kōhatu. I ētahi wā, kāore pea e taea e koe te tuku i te kōhatu i te katoa.

Mō te nuinga o te tangata, ka taea e te kōhatu iti iho i te 4 mirimita te puta i roto i te wiki kotahi, e rua rānei.

Kia tae atu te kōhatu i roto i te urethra ki te mimi, ka puta i roto i ngā rā torutoru.

Me pēhea te tātaritanga a te tākuta i tēnei?

Ka pātai tuatahi te tākuta ki a koe mō ō tohumate, kātahi ka whakahaere i tētahi whakamātautau tinana. Kātahi ka tonoa pea e rātou ētahi whakamātautau pēnei hei whakaū mēnā he kōhatu tākihi tōu:

• Tātaritanga mimi: Mā tēnei ka tirohia te mimi mō ngā tohu o te mate me ngā taumata o ngā matū ka puta ai te hanganga kōhatu.
• Whakamātautau toto: Mā tēnei ka tirohia te pai o te mahi a ngā whatukuhu, mēnā he mate pāwera, me mēnā he raruraru kē atu ka arahi ki te hanganga o ngā kōhatu.
• Matawai ultrasound: Ka whakamahia ngā ngaru oro hei tirotiro mō ngā aukati i roto i te ara mimi.
• Matawai CT (Tomography Rorohiko - matawai CT): Mā tēnei ka āwhina i tō tākuta ki te whakatau i te rahi, te wāhi, me te mārō o tō kōhatu mimi.

Me pēhea te tango i ēnei kōhatu mimi? (Maimoatanga)

Ko te tikanga tango i ngā kōhatu mimi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi o ngā kōhatu, tō rātou wāhi, me te rauemi i hangaia ai. I runga i te rahi me te wāhi o te kōhatu, ka taea e tō tākuta te hoatu he whakaaro pai ki a koe mēnā ka taea e koe te tuku noa i te kōhatu, kāore rānei.

Mena he nui ngā kōhatu tākihi kei a koe, he aukati rānei i roto i tō pūnaha mimi, ka tūtohu pea te tākuta mimi i ngā maimoatanga pēnei i:

• Te Whakamahinga Ngaru Whakaoho (SWL): Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakamahi i ngā ngaru oro kaha-teitei hei wawahi i ngā kōhatu i roto i te ara mimi. Kātahi ka tukuna ngāwari ngā kōhatu ririki ki roto i te mimi. Koinei te maimoatanga iti rawa te whakaekenga, engari kāore e pai mō te katoa.
• Te tirotiro uretero:I roto i tēnei, ka whakauruhia he ngongo roa, angiangi (ureteroscope) mā roto i te urethra. He kāmera kei te pito. Ka tukuna tēnei ngongo mā roto i te pūkahukahu ka tomo ki roto i te urethra kia kitea ai te kōhatu. Kātahi ka tangohia, ka kuruhia rānei ki te laser.
• Nephrolithotomy Percutaneous (PCNL): I tēnei tikanga, ka tapahia e tō tākuta he kōhao iti ki tō tuara, ka whakaurua he karu tirotiro tika ki roto i tō whatukuhu hei kimi me te tango i te kōhatu. E taunakihia ana tēnei maimoatanga mēnā he tino nui te kōhatu, he āhua rerekē rānei.
• Ngā stent ureteral: He ngongo angiangi, ngāwari, rangitahi ēnei e āwhina ana ki te pupuri i te urethra kia tuwhera, kia rere ai te mimi huri noa i te kōhatu e ārai ana i a ia.
• Te Whakaora Peia Hauora (MET): He tino whai hua tēnei mō ngā kōhatu iti i te ara mimi o raro. Ka whakamahia ngā rongoā pēnei i ngā aukati-ārai, ngā aukati hongere konupūmā, ngā corticosteroids, me ngā aukati phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5).

Ngā rongoā motuhake mō ētahi momo kōhatu

Ka taea te hoatu i ēnei momo rongoā ki te hunga e pāngia ana e ētahi momo kōhatu mimi, inā koa:

• Mō ngā kōhatu konupūmā:
• Potassium citrate: Mā tēnei ka nui ake te kawakore o te mimi, ka whakaiti hoki i te waikawa.
• Ngā rongoā whakaheke toto: Ka āwhina ēnei ki te tango i te wai nui me te konupūmā mai i te tinana mā te mimi.
• Mō ngā kōhatu struvite:
• Ngā rongoā paturopi: He rongoā ēnei hei whawhai i ngā mate kitakita.
• Waikawa Acetohydroxamic: Ka āwhina tēnei ki te aukati i te kohikohinga o te haukini i roto i te mimi.
• Mō ngā kōhatu cystine:
• Tiopronin (mercaptopropionyl glycine): Ka āwhina tēnei ki te ārai i ngā kōhatu whatukuhu i roto i te hunga whai cystinuria.
• 'Pōtasium citrate'.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō/te whakahaere i ngā tohumate?

He mea tino nui te inu i te nui o ngā wai, pērā i te wai. Mā te inu i te iti rawa e 2 ki te 3 rita wai ia rā ka āwhina i te tango i ngā kōhatu mimi iti.

Ka taea te hoko i ngā rongoā anti-inflammatory kore-steroidal (NSAID) i te whare rongoā mō te mamae ngawari, te kore rānei e pai. Ko ngā NSAID e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te aspirin, ibuprofen, me te naproxen. Kāore e taea e te katoa te tango i ēnei NSAID, nō reira he mea pai kia pātai atu ki tō tākuta, ki tō kaiwhakahaere rongoā rānei i mua i te whakamahinga.

Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai i muri i te maimoatanga?

Ka pai ake te ahua o te nuinga o te tangata i roto i ētahi rā torutoru o te maimoatanga. Heoi anō, tera pea ka pāngia koe e ētahi pānga taha tae noa ki te wā e tangohia ai te kōhatu whakamutunga mai i tō tinana.

Me pēhea te aukati i te hanganga o ngā kōhatu mimi?

He maha ngā huarahi hei aukati i te hanganga o ngā kōhatu mimi:

• Inumia he nui ake ngā wai: He mea pai kia inuhia kia 2 ki te 3 rita o ngā wai i te rā. Ko te wai te mea pai, engari he pai anō hoki ētahi atu wai pēnei i te wai rēmana me te wai karaka.
• Whakawhāitihia te pūmua kararehe: Ka whakanui ake te pūmua kararehe pēnei i te mīti, te hua manu, me te ika i te nui o te waikawa uric i roto i tō tinana. He puna pai ngā pīni, ngā pīni, ngā pīni matomato, te seitan, me te tofu mō te pūmua, ā, kāore e whakanui ake i ngā taumata o te waikawa uric.
• Whakaitihia te tote i roto i tō kai: Mā te kai i raro iho i te 1,500 mirikaramu tote ia rā ka taea te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i ngā kōhatu whatukuhu. Ka taea e koe te whakakapi i te tote ki ngā mea whakakapi tote, ngā mea kakara, te wai rēmana, me te winika kakara.
• Whakawhāitihia ngā kai he nui te oxalate: Ko te oxalate he matūkai e kitea ana i roto i ngā kai pēnei i te pīnihi, te aramona, te nati kāhew, me te rīwai. Heoi, mā ngā kai me ngā inu he nui te konupūmā ka āwhina i te ārai i ngā kōhatu oxalate.

I ētahi wā ka kī atu tō tākuta kia mimi koe ki roto i tētahi tātari motuhake, ki tētahi tātari rānei, kia puta rā anō tō kōhatu. Kātahi ka tangohia te kōhatu, ā, ka tātarihia tōna hanganga matū. I runga i aua mōhiohio, ka taea e tō tākuta te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere maimoatanga hei ārai i te hanganga anō o ngā kōhatu.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e au te tumanako atu mēnā he kōhatu tākihi tōku?

Ki te tika te tātaritanga, he pai te tūponotanga mō te hunga whai kōhatu tākihi. Heoi, tera pea ka pā anō ngā kōhatu tākihi ki a koe.

He tokomaha ngā tāngata ka tukuna ngā kōhatu whatukuhu iti me te kore rongoā. Mō ngā kōhatu nunui, ka taea e te rongoā te wawahi i te kōhatu, ā, ka taea e koe te tuku atu i a koe anō, ka taea rānei e te tākuta te tango. Ka taea hoki e ngā rongoā te āwhina ki te tango i ngā kōhatu whatukuhu me te ārai i te hanganga anō.

Mena he nui atu i te kotahi ō kōhatu mimi, ka taea e tō tākuta te āwhina i a koe ki te kimi i te pūtake. Whai muri i taua tātaritanga, ka taea e koe te huri i tō momo noho hei ārai i te hanganga anō o ngā kōhatu.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Ki te pāngia koe e ngā tohu o ngā kōhatu whatukuhu, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu. Ki te kore e taea te manawanui i tō mamae, ka tohua pea e ia he rongoā mō te mamae me te whakapairuaki/ruaki.

Mena he kohatu tākihi tōu, ka taea e te tākuta te kimi i tōna wāhi me te hoatu i te maimoatanga tika ki a koe.

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu koe ki tō tākuta?

• Me pēhea te mōhio mēnā he kōhatu tākihi tōku?
• Mena kāore he kōhatu tākihi i roto i ahau, he aha atu anō ngā mate hauora ka pā mai ki ahau?
• He aha te momo kōhatu whatukuhu kei a au?
• Kia pēhea te rahi o taku kōhatu mimi?
• Kei roto i tēhea urethra taku kōhatu?
• E hia ngā kōhatu mimi kei a au?
• Ka taea e au te tango noa i tēnei kohatu tākihi, kāore rānei, me rongoā ahau?
• He aha te rongoā pai rawa atu hei tango i taku kohatu mimi?
• Me pēhea te ārai i te hanganga anō o ngā kōhatu mimi?
• He aha ngā huringa me mahi e au ki taku kai?
• Me tango rongoā ahau hei ārai i te hanganga anō o ngā kōhatu tākihi?

Hei whakamutunga, he karere hei kawe ki te kāinga:

He mea tino whakarihariha, he mea mamae hoki te whai kōhatu tākihi. Heoi, he āhuatanga rangitahi noa iho tēnei. Ka taea e tō tākuta te āwhina i a koe ki te ārai i te kino haere o ō tohu. Nō reira, he mea whakaaro nui kia toro atu koe ki te tākuta ina kite koe i ngā tohu o ngā kōhatu tākihi. Māna anō hoki koe e hoatu ki ngā tohutohu e tika ana hei ārai i te hanganga anō o ngā kōhatu tākihi. Kaua e manukanuka, ka taea te whakahaere pai i tēnei āhuatanga mā te maimoatanga tika me ngā huringa āhua noho!

Ngā kōhatu mimi, ngā kōhatu tākihi, te ara mimi, te mamae, ngā mate urutā ara mimi, te maimoatanga, te ārai