Munthu m'banja mwathu akayamba kutaya kukumbukira akamakalamba, tonse timaganiza kuti ndi matenda a Alzheimer's . N'zoona kuti matenda a Alzheimer's ndi amodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri a dementia. Koma kodi mukudziwa, pali vuto lina lotchedwa Lewy Body Dementia , kapena LBD . Izi zimakhudzanso anthu azaka zopitilira 50. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za tanthauzo la LBD.
Mwachidule, kodi Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) ndi chiyani?
Tangoganizani kuti maselo muubongo wathu amalankhulana kudzera mu mankhwala . Matupi a Lewy ndi ma protein osazolowereka omwe amasonkhana muubongo wathu. Akamasonkhana, amasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a ubongo. Makamaka, amatha kusokoneza zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kukumbukira kwathu, kuyenda, luso lathu loganiza, momwe timamvera , komanso khalidwe lathu.
Matenda a LBD awa amatha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:
1. Matenda amisala okhala ndi matupi a Lewy: Izi zimayamba ndi mavuto akuthupi, monga kuvutika kuyenda ndi kuyenda. Patatha pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, mavuto okumbukira ndi kuganiza ofanana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's amayamba. Kuwona zinthu molakwika kungachitikenso.
2. Matenda a Parkinson's dementia: Pachifukwa ichi, mavuto oyenda (zizindikiro za Parkinson) amayamba. Mavuto okumbukira ndi kuganiza amayamba pambuyo pake mu matendawa.
Chofunika ndichakuti pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a LBD. Komabe, pali njira zothanirana ndi zizindikirozo ndikupereka mpumulo kwakanthawi.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa LBD, Alzheimer's, ndi Parkinson's?
Ngakhale kuti matenda atatuwa angawoneke ofanana, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pawo. Kuzindikira kusiyana kumeneku ndikofunikira pochiza.
| Kuyerekeza matenda | Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma LBD |
|---|---|
| Matenda a Alzheimer | Mosiyana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's, LBD poyamba simataya kukumbukira kwakanthawi kochepa. Mu LBD, luso loganizira ndi kuganizira limasinthasintha mofulumira (zomwe zimatha kusiyana tsiku ndi tsiku, ola ndi ola). Kuwona zinthu molakwika kumachitika kawirikawiri kumayambiriro kwa matenda a LBD, koma mu Alzheimer's, kumachitika kumapeto kwa matendawa. |
| Matenda a Parkinson | Mu matenda a Parkinson, mavuto okumbukira (dementia) amapezeka pokhapokha matendawa atafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, kapena nthawi zina safika konse. Komabe, mu LBD , mavuto okumbukira amayamba nthawi yomweyo ndi mavuto oyenda kapena nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pake . |
| Khalidwe la kugona | Chinthu chapadera cha LBD ndi vuto la kugona la REM . Apa ndi pamene mumachitadi zomwe mumalota mukakhala mtulo (monga, ngati mukumenyana m'maloto anu, mumasuntha miyendo yanu, kapena kugwa pabedi). Ichi chingakhale chizindikiro choyamba cha LBD. |
Zifukwa ndi zoopsa za LBD
Mapuloteni amenewa, otchedwa Lewy bodies, amapangidwa ndi mtundu wa puloteni wotchedwa alpha-synuclein. Akamasonkhana mu ubongo, amasokoneza kupanga mankhwala awiri ofunikira mu ubongo wathu.
- Acetylcholine: Izi zimakhudza kukumbukira ndi kuphunzira kwathu.
- Dopamine : Izi zimalamulira kayendedwe kathu, momwe timamvera, komanso tulo.
Asayansi sakudziwabe chifukwa chake matupi a Lewy amenewa amasonkhana muubongo, kapena chifukwa chake anthu ena okha ndi omwe amakhala ndi LBD.
Kodi iyi ndi matenda obadwa nawo? Matenda a LBD nthawi zambiri samaonedwa ngati matenda obadwa nawo. Komabe, ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a LBD, mungakhale ndi mwayi woti mudwale matendawa.
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zingakubweretsereni mavuto:
- Kukalamba (makamaka zaka zoposa 50)
- Kukhala ndi matenda ena, monga matenda a Parkinson
- Kukhala ndi mbiri ya banja la LBD
- Amuna ali ndi mwayi waukulu wotenga kachilomboka
Kodi zizindikiro za LBD ndi ziti?
Si odwala onse omwe amakumana ndi zizindikiro zomwezo. Zizindikiro zina zingakhale zochepa, pomwe zina zingakhale zoopsa. Nazi zina mwa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino.
| Mtundu wa khalidwe | Zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Zotsatira pa luso la kuganiza | Kuvuta kupanga zisankho, kulephera kuweruza mtunda, kuchepa kwa chidwi, kuchepa kwa kukumbukira, kusokonezeka za malo kapena nthawi, kuvutika kugwira ntchito ndi manambala. |
| Zotsatira pa kayendedwe | Kukoka mapazi pamene mukuyenda, kuuma, kunjenjemera manja, kutayika bwino ndi kugwa, kuwerama patsogolo, kulemba pang'ono, kuvutika kumeza. |
| Zotsatira pa tulo | Matenda a REM sleep disorder, kugona kwambiri masana, kusowa tulo, ndi matenda a miyendo yosakhazikika. |
| Zotsatirapo pa malingaliro | Kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, kusakhazikika, kuona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe sizilipo, mantha achilendo (monga kuganiza kuti winawake andivulaza). |
| Zina mwazinthu | Chizungulire ndi kukomoka, kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kudzimbidwa, kulephera kulamulira mkodzo, komanso kuchepa kwa fungo. |
Kulira kapena kuseka kosalamulirika
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi LBD amatha kulira mwadzidzidzi kapena kuseka mokweza popanda chifukwa chomveka. Izi zimadziwika ndi madokotala kuti `pseudobulbar affect (PBA).` Izi si zomwe amamva kwenikweni, koma zomwe zimachitika mopanda mphamvu chifukwa cha matendawa.
Kuzindikira ndi chithandizo
Palibe mayeso amodzi omwe angapeze matenda a LBD. Popeza zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi matenda ena, zingakhale zovuta kwa madokotala kuzindikira matendawa, makamaka kumayambiriro. Chifukwa chake, dokotalayo adzachita mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire kuti palibe matenda ena .
- Kuwunika kwa thupi ndi mitsempha
- Kuyezetsa magazi (kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mavitamini kapena mahomoni)
- Kujambula ubongo (CT scan, MRI scan)
- Mayeso omwe amayesa kukumbukira ndi luso loganiza
- Mayeso a tulo
Ngati tikulankhula za chithandizo,
Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala kapena chithandizo cha LBD, koma pali mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe angathandize kuwongolera zizindikiro ndikupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta.
Chenjezo: Mankhwala ena oletsa matenda amisala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a Alzheimer's akhoza kukhala oopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi LBD. Angapangitse kuti zizindikirozo ziwonjezeke. Chifukwa chake, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala, mankhwala monga physiotherapy, occupational therapy, ndi uphungu angapereke mpumulo waukulu kwa wodwalayo ndi osamalira ake.
Kukhala ndi LBD
LBD ndi vuto kwa wodwala komanso banja lake, koma ndi kukonzekera bwino ndi chithandizo, ulendowu ukhoza kukhala wosavuta.
- Onetsetsani kuti muli otetezeka: Chotsani zopinga m'malo oyendamo kunyumba. Ikani zitsulo zonyamulira m'bafa.
- Pezani chithandizo: Lankhulani ndi achibale ndi abwenzi za izi. Pezani thandizo la akatswiri ngati pakufunika kutero.
- Konzani pasadakhale: Pangani zisankho zachipatala ndi zachuma pasadakhale, malinga ndi zomwe wodwalayo akufuna.
- Khalani osangalala: Lolani wodwalayo kuti azichita nawo zinthu zomwe amasangalala nazo.
Nthawi yapakati ya moyo wa munthu amene ali ndi LBD ndi pafupifupi zaka 7-8 kuyambira pamene zizindikiro zayamba. Komabe, izi zimatha kusiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu. Anthu ena amakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 20.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a dementia si matenda a Alzheimer nthawi zonse. Matenda a dementia a Lewy body (LBD) nawonso ndi vuto lofala.
- Kuwonjezera pa mavuto a kukumbukira, kusintha kwa kayendedwe, kugona, ndi khalidwe kumatha kuwoneka mu LBD kumayambiriro.
- Matenda a REM sleep behavior ndi kuona zinthu molakwika kungakhale zizindikiro zazikulu za LBD.
- Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala athunthu a matendawa, moyo wa wodwalayo ukhoza kusinthidwa mwa kuchepetsa zizindikiro zake.
- Ngati munthu amene ali pafupi nanu akukumana ndi zizindikiro zimenezi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake nthawi yomweyo ndikupempha uphungu.
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