Kodi mungaganizire kukhala osangalala kwambiri komanso achisoni kwambiri nthawi imodzi? Kumbali imodzi, mukumva wopanda chiyembekezo, maganizo anu akuthamanga, ndipo mphamvu zanu zili pamwamba. Kumbali ina, mukumva kutopa ndi dziko lapansi, simukumva kusasangalala ndi chilichonse, ndipo mukumva opanda chiyembekezo ndi moyo. Maganizo awiriwa otsutsana amabwera pamodzi ndipo ndicho chimene tikulankhula lero, matenda otchedwa bipolar disorder . Ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi ndi yovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule komanso m'njira yomveka bwino.
Kodi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za matenda a bipolar ndi ziti?
Mwachidule, matenda a bipolar ndi vuto limene maganizo a munthu amasintha mofulumira pakati pa zinthu ziwiri zoopsa. Chimodzi choopsa ndi kusangalala kwambiri, komwe kumadziwika ndi chisangalalo chachikulu, chisangalalo, ndi mphamvu zambiri. Chinanso choopsa ndi kuvutika maganizo, komwe kumadziwika ndi chisoni chachikulu, chisoni, ndi kusowa chiyembekezo. Zinthu ziwirizi nthawi zambiri zimachitika motsatizana.
Koma nthawi zina, zizindikiro za zinthu zonse ziwiri zoopsa zimatha kuchitika nthawi imodzi, tsiku lomwelo, kapena kusinthana kwa masiku angapo. Tangoganizirani, wina ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, kusakhazikika, komanso kuganiza mofulumira za kusokonezeka maganizo, komanso chisoni chachikulu, kusowa chiyembekezo, komanso malingaliro ofuna kudzipha chifukwa cha kuvutika maganizo. Ndicho chimene timachitcha Episode with Mixed Features . Izi zili ngati kuponda pa accelerator ndi brake ya galimoto nthawi imodzi. Ndi chochitika chosokoneza komanso chovutitsa maganizo, pomwe simungathe kusunga malingaliro anu pamalo amodzi.
Kodi vutoli limapezeka mwa ndani?
Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a bipolar adzakumana ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a bipolar ali aang'ono nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.
Komanso, nthawi zina, ngakhale munthu amene si munthu wosinthasintha maganizo koma akuvutika ndi kuvutika maganizo kwambiri akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono za kusokonezeka maganizo (monga kukwiya msanga, kuganiza mofulumira) pamodzi ndi kuvutika maganizo. Izi zimatchedwa "nthawi yovutika maganizo yokhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana."
Kwa anthu ambiri, zizindikiro za bipolar zimayamba ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 25. Sizachilendo kuti munthu ayambe kudwala matendawa akakwanitsa zaka 50. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu (amayi, abambo, abale) ali ndi vuto la bipolar, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala matendawa.
Kodi zizindikiro za munthu amene ali ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana ndi ziti?
Kuti timvetse bwino izi, tiyeni tigawane zizindikirozi m'magulu awiri. Mitundu iwiriyi ya zizindikiro imatha kuchitika limodzi kapena kusinthana mwachangu kwambiri.
| Zizindikiro za kusokonezeka maganizo | Zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo |
|---|---|
| Kusangalala kwambiri kapena kukwiya popanda chifukwa | Kumva chisoni chachikulu, kupanda pake, komanso kusowa chiyembekezo |
| Kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu kosazolowereka, kusakhazikika | Kutaya chidwi ndi zinthu zomwe munkakonda kale |
| Kuyenda mwachangu kwa malingaliro, kulankhula mwachangu | Kusowa mphamvu, kutopa kosalekeza |
| Kuvuta kukhalabe maso | Kukhala ndi maganizo akuti simuli woyenera kapena kuti ndinu wochimwa |
| Sindikumva kutopa ngakhale nditagona pang'ono | Maganizo odzipha |
Mwina mukudabwa kuti izi zingachitike bwanji, sichoncho? Tangoganizirani munthu akulira mosalekeza nati, "Sindinakhalepo ndi chisangalalo chonchi m'moyo wanga." Kapena, angasangalale kwambiri, mwadzidzidzi kugwa ndi chisoni, kenako n’kusangalalanso. Mavuto amenewa amatha kwa masiku, milungu, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale miyezi ngati sanachiritsidwe .
Kodi zoopsa za makhalidwe osiyanasiyana awa ndi ziti?
Chiwopsezo chachikulu komanso choopsa cha zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana ndi kudzipha. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la bipolar nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mwayi wodzipha nthawi 10-20 kuposa ena. Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuposa omwe ali ndi vuto la kuvutika maganizo okha.
Ichi ndi chinthu choopsa kwambiri chomwe tiyenera kumvetsetsa. Pamene kutaya mtima ndi kumva kutopa ndi moyo wovutika maganizo zikuphatikizidwa ndi mphamvu zambiri, kusakhazikika, ndi kusasamala kwa misala, mwayi wochita zinthu chifukwa cha malingaliro ofuna kudzipha umakhala wokwera kwambiri.
Choncho, si bwino kusiya munthu amene ali ndi zizindikiro zimenezi yekha. Ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Chithandizo choyenera, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga `Lithium` kwa nthawi yayitali, chingachepetse kwambiri chiopsezochi.
Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la bipolar ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo , zomwe zingapangitse vutoli kukhala loipa komanso lovuta kulithetsa.
Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Mankhwala amafunikadi kuti munthu athetse mavuto osiyanasiyana. Komabe, vutoli likhoza kukhala lovuta pang'ono kulithetsa kuposa vuto la kusokonezeka maganizo kapena kuvutika maganizo. Mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oletsa kusokonezeka maganizo ndi oletsa matenda amisala.
Zolimbitsa Maganizo
Mankhwalawa amathandiza kulamulira kukwera ndi kutsika kwa malingaliro ndikukhala ndi malingaliro abwino.
- Lithium: Iyi ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali pochiza matenda a bipolar. Komabe, mphamvu yake singakhale yokwanira pa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Popeza zimatenga milungu ingapo kuti zigwire ntchito mokwanira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ngati chithandizo chosamalira kwa nthawi yayitali. Mukamamwa `Lithium`, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mankhwala anu kuti mupewe zotsatirapo zoyipa.
- Valproic acid (Depakote): Ichi chimathandizanso kuchepetsa nkhawa. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti nthawi zina chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri kuposa lithiamu poletsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.
- Mankhwala ena: Mankhwala ena monga ` Carbamazepine (Tegretol)` ndi `Lamotrigine (Lamictal)` amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi.
Mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala
Mankhwala ambiri atsopano m'gululi ndi othandiza kwambiri poletsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo zake ndi monga `Olanzapine (Zyprexa), `Risperidone (Risperdal),` ndi `Quetiapine (Seroquel).` Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito okha kapena pamodzi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro.
Chithandizo cha Kutsekeka kwa Magazi (ECT)
Ngakhale dzinali lingamveke loopsa kwa ena, ECT ndi mankhwala otetezeka komanso othandiza kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu omwe sangalamuliridwe ndi mankhwala. Mankhwalawa amatha kupulumutsa moyo, makamaka ngati pali chiopsezo chachikulu chodzipha.
Chofunika kwambiri!
Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo monga `Fluoxetine (Prozac)` ndi `Sertraline (Zoloft)`, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuvutika maganizo, saperekedwa pamene zizindikiro zosiyanasiyanazi zilipo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kuwonjezera zizindikiro za kukwiya (kukwiya, kusakhazikika). Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu sadzakupatsani mankhwala awa nthawi ngati zimenezi. Choyamba muyenera kuyesa kuwongolera vutoli ndi mankhwala oletsa kukhumudwa kapena mankhwala oletsa kusokonezeka maganizo.
Popeza matenda a bipolar ndi matenda obwerezabwereza, ndikofunikira kupitiriza kulandira chithandizo chochiritsira kuti mupewe kubwereranso, ngakhale zizindikiro zitatha.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za matenda a bipolar ndi pamene mumakhala ndi zizindikiro zonse ziwiri za chisangalalo chachikulu (mania) ndi chisoni chachikulu (depression) nthawi imodzi.
- Izi ndi zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri, ndipo chiopsezo chodzipha ndi chachikulu kwambiri.
- Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro izi, musanyalanyaze. Funsani upangiri kwa dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito nthawi yomweyo.
- Mankhwala oletsa kusokonezeka maganizo ndi mankhwala oletsa kusokonezeka maganizo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza vutoli, koma mankhwala oletsa kupsinjika maganizo wamba si oyenera.
- Musasiye kumwa mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala kapena kusintha mlingo popanda malangizo a dokotala. Chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali n'chofunika kwambiri.
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