Ngati inu kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu akudwala matenda a maganizo, kapena monga momwe tonse tikudziwira, matenda a maganizo, mwina mwamvapo za mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa chifukwa cha matendawa. Lero tikambirana za mankhwala ena akale koma amphamvu kwambiri otchedwa Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors , kapena MAOIs mwachidule. Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwanso ntchito kawirikawiri, madokotala amawalimbikitsabe nthawi zina zapadera. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino lomwe kuti ndi ati.
Mwachidule, kodi MAOI iyi ndi chiyani?
MAOIs ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuvutika maganizo. Pali mankhwala apadera muubongo omwe amalamulira malingaliro athu, kutanthauza kuti, amatipangitsa kukhala osangalala komanso omasuka. Timatcha awa ma neurotransmitters. Mwina mudamvapo mayina monga serotonin, dopamine, ndi norepinephrine . Awa ndi ma messengers amenewo.
Tsopano, muubongo mwathu, tili ndi enzyme yotchedwa Monoamine Oxidase. Zili ngati chotsukira ubongo, enzyme iyi imachotsa ma messengers amenewo. Kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kuvutika maganizo, kuchuluka kwa ma messengers awa muubongo kungakhale kochepa.
Kotero chomwe mankhwala a MAOI amachita ndichakuti amaletsa ntchito ya enzyme yoyeretsa. Kenako ma happy messengers ( ma neurotransmitters ) amakhala muubongo nthawi yayitali ndikugwira ntchito yawo moyenera. Izi ndi zomwe zimachepetsa pang'onopang'ono zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo.
Mankhwala ena omwe ali m'gululi ndi awa:
- Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
- Phenelzine (Nardil)
- Selegiline (Emsam)
- Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
Monga mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo , mankhwala a MAOI awa amatenga milungu ingapo kuti agwire ntchito. Panthawi imeneyo, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala ena kuti akuthandizeni kuchepetsa nkhawa ndi kusowa tulo.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zomwe mumadya ndi kumwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Kupanda kutero, mavuto akulu angabuke. Tiyeni tiwone bwino nkhaniyi.
Kodi zotsatira zoyipa za MAOIs ndi ziti?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina. Koma si aliyense amene amapeza zonse. Anthu ena angatenge chimodzi kapena ziwiri, ndipo ena sangalandire chilichonse. Choncho musaope kuziona. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
| Zotsatira zoyipa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Mavuto okhudzana ndi tulo | Kugona masana kapena kugona usiku. |
| Chizungulire ndi kukomoka | Kumva chizungulire, makamaka mukadzuka pakukhala. |
| Pakamwa pouma komanso kusawona bwino | Pakamwa pouma, kusawona bwino pang'ono. |
| Kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi | Kuthamanga kwa magazi kowonjezeka kapena kuchepa. |
| Kusintha kwa thupi | Kupweteka kwa thupi, kugwedezeka ndi magetsi, kuwonjezeka kwa thupi. |
| Mavuto a m'mimba | Kusanza, kudzimbidwa, kapena kudzimbidwa. |
| Mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana | Kuchepa chilakolako chogonana kapena kuvutika kufika pachimake. |
Zinthu zofunika kuzidziwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito MAOIs
Ichi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Zinthu zina zingayambitse zotsatirapo zoopsa zikaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwalawa. Choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti inu ndi banja lanu mudziwe izi.
1. Mavuto okhudzana ndi chakudya (Kuyanjana kwa chakudya)
Ngati mudya zakudya zina pamene mukumwa MAOI, kuthamanga kwa magazi anu kungakwere mwadzidzidzi komanso moopsa. Izi zimatchedwa 'Vuto la Matenda Oopsa'. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala. Chifukwa chake, munthu amene akumwa mankhwalawa ayeneraMuyenera kutsatira zakudya zapadera.
Tangoganizirani kuti mwapita ku phwando ndipo mwamwa vinyo pang'ono ndi tchizi. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a MAOI, kachidutswa kameneka kangachititse mwadzidzidzi kuthamanga kwa magazi anu kufika pamlingo woopsa wa 200/110, ndipo muyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU). Choncho samalani kwambiri ndi izi.
Zakudya zomwe siziyenera kudyedwa:
- Tchizi zokalamba: Tchizi zokalamba, zowiritsa monga cheddar, tchizi chabuluu, ndi mozzarella.
- Nyama yophika: zinthu monga salami, soseji, ham.
- Yosuta kapena youma: Nsomba yosuta, salimoni, nsomba zouma, sardine.
- Mowa wina: vinyo wofiira, mowa wina.
- Zogulitsa za soya: msuzi wa soya, tofu.
- Zipatso zakupsa monga nthochi ndi mapeyala (zikapsa bwino).
Mndandanda uwu suli wathunthu. Mukapatsidwa mankhwala awa, dokotala wanu komanso katswiri wa zakudya adzakupatsani mndandanda wathunthu wa zakudya zomwe muyenera kupewa . Tsatirani bwino.
2. Mavuto ndi mankhwala ena (Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala)
Monga chakudya, mankhwala ena akhoza kukhala oopsa akamwedwa ndi MAOIs. Izi zingayambitse kukwera kwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo mapiritsi a Panadol omwe mumamwa chifukwa cha ululu, mapiritsi a Pines omwe mumamwa chifukwa cha chimfine, mankhwala a Ayurvedic, mankhwala otsekemera, mavitamini, komanso zowonjezera zitsamba. Musabise chilichonse.
Makamaka, mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo, ochepetsa ululu, ndi mankhwala a ziwengo amatha kusokoneza izi.
3. Matenda a Serotonin
Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa koma lalikulu, lomwe lingathe kupha munthu . Limachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa serotonin muubongo kukukwera kwambiri. Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka ngati mutenga MAOI pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena omwe amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa serotonin (mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo, mankhwala a mutu waching'alang'ala, kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu).
Zizindikiro za serotonin syndrome:
- Kumva kusakhazikika komanso kuda nkhawa kwambiri
- Kuthamanga kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Kutsegula m'mimba, nseru, kusanza
- Kuona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe palibe (Hallucinations)
- Malungo, thukuta kwambiri
- Kulephera kulamulira chilakolako cha chakudya, kunjenjemera kwa thupi
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani ku chipatala mwamsanga ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU). Ngati kuli kofunikira, mutha kuyimbiranso National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti mupeze malangizo.
4. Maganizo ofuna kudzipha
Bungwe la FDA lapereka chenjezo pa mankhwala onse ochepetsa nkhawa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, pali chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri choganiza zodzipha mukayamba kumwa mankhwala awa kapena pamene mlingo wa mankhwalawo wasinthidwa. Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu makamaka pakati pa achinyamata. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamukonda ali ndi maganizo otere, uzani dokotala wanu mwamsanga.
Kusiya mankhwala ndi kutenga mimba
Kusiya chithandizo
Kusiya kumwa mankhwala a MAOI mwadzidzidzi n'koopsa kwambiri. Kuchita zimenezi kungayambitse zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala.
- Zizindikiro za chimfine kapena chimfine, monga malungo, kupweteka kwa thupi, ndi thukuta
- Kusowa tulo
- Kusakhazikika
- Chisokonezo
- Matenda amisala
Choncho, ngati mukuona kuti muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu kaye. Iye adzatha kukupatsani malangizo a njira yochepetsera pang'onopang'ono mlingo ndikusiya kumwa mankhwalawo popanda kuwononga thanzi lanu.
Pa nthawi ya mimba
Pali chidziwitso chochepa kwambiri chokhudza chitetezo cha MAOIs panthawi ya mimba. Ngati mutenga pakati mukumwa mankhwalawa, kapena ngati mukukonzekera kutenga pakati, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Musasiye kumwa mankhwalawa musanalankhule ndi dokotala wanu kaye.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- MAOIs ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri ochizira kuvutika maganizo, ndipo amafunika kusamala kwambiri.
- Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, tsatirani mndandanda wa zakudya zomwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Pewani zinthu monga tchizi chowiritsa, nyama zina, ndi mowa kotheratu.
- Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena onse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi mankhwala a Ayurvedic) .
- Ngati mukuona zizindikiro za serotonin syndrome, monga kusakhazikika mwadzidzidzi, kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira, ndi kutentha thupi, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga.
- Pewani kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa mwadzidzidzi pazifukwa zilizonse popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu.
- Musaope kulankhula momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatirapo zilizonse kapena mavuto ena omwe mungakumane nawo.
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