Tonsefe timagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "dokotala" kapena "dokotala", sichoncho? Kaya ndi chimfine chaching'ono kapena matenda oopsa, timathamangira kwa dokotala. Koma kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti "dokotala" kapena "dokotala" ameneyu ndi ndani kwenikweni, maudindo awo ndi ati, komanso mitundu ingati ya matendawo? Lero, tikambirana za izi mosavuta, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu.
Kodi dokotala uyu ndani?
Mwachidule, timatcha aliyense amene wamaliza digiri ya udokotala kuti ndi dokotala. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndikuteteza thanzi la anthu, kuwazindikira , kuwachiza, ndi kuwabwezeretsa . Uwu ndi udindo waukulu. Dokotala wabwino nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi luso lofunika zisanu ndi chimodzi.
| Luso | Kodi zimenezo zikutanthauza chiyani? (Zikutanthauza chiyani) |
|---|---|
| Chisamaliro cha odwala | Kulankhula ndi odwala mwachifundo komanso mwachifundo, kumvetsetsa mavuto awo, ndikupereka chithandizo choyenera kwambiri. |
| Chidziwitso cha zachipatala | Munthu ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chakuya cha sayansi ya zamankhwala ndi zamankhwala zomwe zilipo komanso zomwe zikubwera. Chidziwitso chimenecho chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza odwala. |
| Kuphunzira kosalekeza | Nthawi zonse ndimaganizira za chithandizo chomwe mumachita, kukonza zofooka zanu, ndikuyesera kusintha kwambiri. |
| Kulankhulana bwino | Muyenera kulankhula momveka bwino m'njira yomveka bwino kwa wodwalayo, banja la wodwalayo, ndi ogwira ntchito zina zachipatala omwe akugwira ntchito nanu. |
| Ukatswiri | Kukwaniritsa maudindo aukadaulo molondola, kutsatira malamulo azachipatala, ndi kuchiza odwala omwe ali ndi udindo uliwonse m'gulu mofanana. |
| Kugwira ntchito mkati mwa dongosolo | Kudziwa bwino za dongosolo la zaumoyo mdziko muno ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili mmenemo popereka chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa wodwalayo. |
Kotero, kodi ntchito zazikulu za dokotala ndi ziti?
Ngakhale kuti ntchito yaikulu ya dokotala ndi kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda, palinso zinthu zina zambiri kupatulapo zimenezo.
- Mudzapatsidwa upangiri pa zomwe muyenera kuchita kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino . Mwachitsanzo, mudzaphunzitsidwa zomwe muyenera kudya, momwe mungakhalire aukhondo, komanso zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe matenda (chisamaliro choteteza).
- Mudzayesedwa thupi . (Yesani odwala)
- Perekani mankhwala .
- Adzakufunsani kuti muchite mayeso ozindikira matenda kuti mutsimikizire matenda, ndipo adzafotokoza malipoti a mayesowo m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
- Mbiri yanu yazaumoyo , kuphatikizapo matenda aliwonse omwe mudadwalapo kale komanso matenda aliwonse omwe banja lanu lili nawo, adzalembedwa.
Kawirikawiri pali mitundu iwiri ya madokotala: MD (Dokotala) ndi DO (Dokotala wa Osteopathic Medicine). Madokotala a MD ndi omwe timawadziwa bwino ku Sri Lanka. Madokotala a DO amapezeka kwambiri m'maiko ngati America. Koma onse amagwiritsa ntchito njira zochiritsira zomwezo.
Madokotala Osiyanasiyana Odziwa Zambiri
Kodi mukudziwa kuti pali madokotala omwe ali akatswiri pa matenda aliwonse? Mukapita kuchipatala, muyenera kuti mwawona dokotala wa OPD akukuyesani ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, akutumizireni ku chipatala kuti, "Kawoneni dokotala uyu waluso." Awa ndi mitundu ingapo ya akatswiri akuluakulu otere.
| Mtundu wa Dokotala | Udindo |
|---|---|
| Akatswiri a Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka | Madokotala omwe amapereka mankhwala oletsa ululu komanso oletsa kupweteka (amagonetsa wodwalayo) asanayambe opaleshoni, panthawi yake, komanso atatha. |
| Madokotala a Banja ndi Odwala Onse | Dokotala amene timakumana naye poyamba, amene amachiritsa matenda ofala kwa aliyense m'banjamo. |
| Ophunzira ntchito zapakhomo | Madokotala apadera omwe amachiritsa matenda ovuta okhudza ziwalo zamkati mwa akuluakulu (monga matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima). |
| Madokotala a ana | Madokotala omwe ndi akatswiri pa matenda a makanda ndi ana. |
| Madokotala a Zamba ndi Madokotala a Zamba (OB/GYNs) | Madokotala omwe ndi akatswiri pa matenda omwe amakhudza amayi apakati ndi amayi apakati. |
| Madokotala a zamaganizo | Madokotala omwe amachiza matenda amisala, matenda monga kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa. |
| Madokotala a opaleshoni | Madokotala omwe amachiritsa matenda kudzera mu opaleshoni. |
Ulendo wopita ku kukhala dokotala...
Kukhala dokotala sikophweka monga momwe mungaganizire. Zimatenga zaka pakati pa 7 ndi 15 kuphunzira ndi kuphunzira. Zili ngati kukwera phiri.
1.Maphunziro a kusukulu: Choyamba, muyenera kupasa bwino gawo la Advanced Level Biology ndikuloledwa ku Medical Faculty ya yunivesite.
2. Sukulu ya Zamankhwala: Pambuyo pake, mumaphunzira ku Faculty of Medicine kwa zaka pafupifupi 5. Pano, mumaphunzira zambiri zokhudza thupi la munthu, mitundu ya matenda, njira zochiritsira, kupewa matenda , komanso momwe mungalankhulire ndi odwala.
3. Internship : Mukamaliza maphunziro anu azachipatala, muyenera kugwira ntchito kwa chaka chimodzi kuchipatala cha ana osapitirira zaka zinayi, madokotala apadera kuti mupeze maphunziro othandiza. Timatcha izi kuti "internship."
4. Maphunziro a Akatswiri (Maphunziro a Kukhala/Omaliza Maphunziro): Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuphunzira ndikuphunzira kwa zaka zingapo kuti mukhale katswiri pantchito yomwe mwasankha (monga matenda a ana , matenda a mtima ).
5. Kuphunzira kosalekeza: Gawo la zamankhwala likusintha nthawi zonse. Matenda atsopano, mankhwala atsopano, ndi ukadaulo watsopano zikubuka nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, dokotala sangasiye kuphunzira.
Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Kawirikawiri timayamba kufunsa dokotala wa banja (Dokotala wa Banja / Dokotala Wamkulu). Iye ali ndi chidziwitso chochuluka pa matenda ambiri. Mutha kufunsa dokotala ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse monga lomwe lili pansipa.
| Matenda/vuto | Zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Mavuto a dongosolo la magazi | Kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi), kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. |
| Matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya | Matenda a shuga, matenda a chithokomiro, matenda a chitetezo chamthupi. |
| Matenda a m'khutu, m'mphuno, pakhosi | Matenda a m'makutu, chimfine, matenda a pakhosi. |
| Mutu ndi Migraines | Mutu wopweteka kwambiri pafupipafupi. |
| Matenda a maso | Kufiira kwa maso, matenda a maso (conjunctivitis). |
| Matenda opatsirana komanso obwera chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda | Matenda a mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya, matenda a mphutsi. |
| Kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi minofu | Kutupa kwa mafupa, kupweteka kwa msana, kugwedezeka kwa minofu. |
| Mavuto amisala | Kuvutika Maganizo, Nkhawa, Matenda Osakhazikika Maganizo (ADD). |
| Ngozi zakuthupi kapena poizoni | Kugwa, kuvulala, kukanda. Ngati mwameza poizoni, pitani nthawi yomweyo ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, imbani National Poison Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital . |
| Matenda a m'mapapo | Chifuwa, sinusitis, bronchitis. |
| Matenda a pakhungu | Kukwiya kwa khungu, eczema, ziphuphu. |
| Matenda a mkodzo (UTIs) | Matenda a mkodzo, kukodza pafupipafupi. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- 'Dokotala' ndi katswiri aliyense amene wapeza digiri ya udokotala ndipo ali ndi ziyeneretso zozindikira ndi kuchiza matenda.
- Monga momwe zilili padziko lonse lapansi, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madokotala apadera a matenda osiyanasiyana ku Sri Lanka.
- Kukhala dokotala ndi chinthu chomwe chingapezeke pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zodzipereka, kuphunzira, ndi maphunziro.
- Ngati muli ndi mavuto aliwonse okhudza thanzi lanu, musawanyalanyaze, musawononge nthawi, ndipo pitani kwa dokotala. Ndicho chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.
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