Ese nk'umuntu mukuru, hari igihe ubona bigoye gukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi? Ese urambiwe kwibagirwa ibintu, kugira ikibazo cyo kumva ibintu, cyangwa guhora ukererwa? Ibi si ibintu bitunguranye gusa, ahubwo bishobora guterwa na ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ), ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bantu bakuru. Ibibazo n'imbogamizi bifatika ibi bimenyetso biteza mu buzima bwacu ni byo twita mu buvuzi 'Impairments Functional Impairments'.
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Ni gute ibimenyetso bya ADHD biba ibibazo mu buzima bwa buri munsi?
Mu magambo make, ikimenyetso cya ADHD ni uko ibitekerezo byawe bihita bihindagurika. 'Impungenge mu mikorere' ni ingaruka iyi mpungenge igira ku buzima bwawe, akazi, n'imibanire yawe. Mu yandi magambo, iyi ni inkuru ivuga ku ngaruka z'iki kimenyetso.
Tekereza kuri ubu buryo. Umuntu ufite ADHD agira ikibazo cyo gucunga igihe. Ni ikimenyetso. Ni iki kibaho kubera ibi?
- Buri gihe gukererwa ku kazi.
- Ntushobora kurangiza akazi wahawe n'umukoresha wawe ku gihe.
- Utekereza nabi igihe bifata kugira ngo ukore igikorwa runaka. Utekereza ko ushobora kugirangiza mu masaha abiri, ariko bigutwara umunsi wose.
- Amakosa abaho iyo wihutiye kujya ku kazi ku munota wa nyuma.
Ibi bintu abandi mu biro babibona. Hanyuma isuzuma ry'imikorere ubona rishobora kuba ribi. Wenda n'akazi gashobora gutakaza. Urabona? Ikimenyetso cyo kudashobora gucunga neza igihe cyabaye 'ubumuga bw'imikorere' bugira ingaruka ku kazi kawe.
ADHD si ubunebwe cyangwa inenge y'imiterere. Ni indwara ifitanye isano n'imikorere y'ubwonko.
Ibibazo by'ingenzi bishobora guterwa na ADHD (Impairments Functional Impairments)
Ibimenyetso bya ADHD bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice byinshi by'ubuzima. Reka turebe ingero zimwe na zimwe z'ingenzi.
| Ibimenyetso bya ADHD | Ubumuga bw'imikorere |
|---|---|
| Ingorane mu gucunga amafaranga (Gukoresha amafaranga mu buryo butunguranye) | Ukoresha amafaranga kuri ikarita yawe y'inguzanyo ku cyo ushaka cyose. Urangiza utinze kwishyura ibintu nk'ifishi yawe yoroheje cyangwa fagitire y'amazi, kandi rimwe na rimwe ukibagirwa igihe uri munsi y'impapuro nyinshi. Ibi bishobora gutuma umwenda wiyongera kandi bigatuma amanota y'inguzanyo aba make. |
| Ingorane zo gukomeza kwita ku bandi (Kutagira icyo witayeho) | Umutwe wawe urazenguruka iyo umuntu arimo kuvuga. Ntushobora kumva ibyo avuga. Bashobora kurakara iyo ugomba kumva ikintu umuntu yavuze kenshi. Ibi bishobora gutuma abantu bakubona nk'"utari inyangamugayo" kandi "utagira inshingano." |
| Kurangara byoroshye (Biroroshye kurangazwa) | Niba utekereza ku kindi kintu mu gihe utwaye imodoka, ushobora gukoresha itara ritukura. Ibi bishobora guteza impanuka kuri wowe cyangwa undi muntu. Niba udashobora kujya ku kazi mu minsi mike imodoka yawe iri muri gareji kugira ngo isanwe, bizongera kugira ingaruka ku kazi kawe. |
| Ibibazo by'imibanire | Ibibazo bishobora kuvuka mu ishyingiranwa, mu muryango no mu nshuti. Ibintu nko kwibagirwa amasezerano no kutumva uwo mwashakanye bishobora gutera umubano udahamye, ndetse bigatera gutandukana no gutandukana. |
Ibi bibazo byatangiye ryari?
Niba ufite ADHD uri mukuru, bivuze ko wabaye ufite iyi ndwara kuva ukiri umwana . Ushobora kuba waragize amanota mabi ku ishuri kandi ukaba waragize ikibazo cyo kubana neza n'abandi bana.
Ariko uko inshingano z'ubuzima ziyongera, nko mu mashuri yisumbuye, muri kaminuza, ku kazi, kwishyura fagitire, gushyingirwa, n'abana, ibi bibazo bitangira kugaragara neza .
Ese hari n'ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bikunze kugaragara?
Yego. Iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko hafi 80% by'abantu bakuru barwaye ADHD bafite nibura indi ndwara imwe yo mu mutwe. Ikunze kugaragara muri izi ndwara harimo:
- Indwara zo guhangayika
- Indwara z'amarangamutima / Ihungabana
Hari igihe ibibazo ufite mu buzima bwawe bishobora kuba bidaterwa na ADHD gusa, ahubwo bishobora no guterwa n'izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe zishobora kuba zitera ibibazo bimwe na bimwe. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kumenya neza indwara.
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Akenshi, abantu bakuru bagana kwa muganga kubera ADHD bitewe n’ibyo bita ‘ubumuga bw’imikorere’ cyangwa ingaruka ku buzima bwabo badashobora kwihanganira. Inkuru nziza ni uko iyo uvuwe neza, ibi bibazo bishobora gukemurwa kandi ubuzima bwawe bugasubira mu nzira nziza.
Niba rero ukeka ko ufite ibi bimenyetso, dore icyo wakora.
1. Menya neza: Ubwa mbere, banza ushake byinshi kuri ADHD. Iyi nkuru ni intambwe nziza kuri ibyo.
2. Kubonana na muganga: Hanyuma, reba muganga w’umuryango wawe. Nyuma yo kumusobanurira impungenge zawe, azakohereza ku muganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa inzobere mu by’imitekerereze y’abantu ufite ubumenyi bwihariye n’uburambe mu bijyanye na ADHD y’abantu bakuru, nibiba ngombwa.
3. Kurikiza gahunda yo kuvura: Niba muganga wawe agusuzumye arwaye ADHD, azagukorera gahunda yo kuvura ikubereye. Ishobora kuba irimo ibintu nk'ibi:
- Imiti: Imiti ifasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso bya ADHD.
- Gucunga igihe no kumenya gutunganya ibintu: Uburyo bugufasha kuguma uteguye ibintu kandi ku gihe.
- Uburyo bwo kuvura mu mutwe: Bugufasha kunoza uburyo bwo gutekereza n'imyitwarire yawe, ndetse no gucunga ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe nko guhangayika no kwiheba.
- Umutoza wa ADHD: Hari ubwo ushobora gushaka ubufasha bw'inzobere ishobora kuguha inama zifatika zo kugera ku ntego za buri munsi.
Niba waramaze gufatwa na ADHD ariko ukaba uhanganye n'ibibazo mu buzima bwawe, menya neza ko wongeye kuvugana na muganga wawe. Sobanura ibyo urimo uhura na byo. Ashobora kugufasha gutegura gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikubereye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ni ibisanzwe ko abantu bakuru na bo bagira ADHD. Ni indwara yabayeho kuva mu bwana.
- Ingaruka z'ibimenyetso bya ADHD ku kazi, mu mibanire, no mu gucunga amafaranga byitwa 'Impairments Functional Impairments'.
- Sobanukirwa ko ibi atari ubunebwe cyangwa intege nke z'imico yawe. Ni indwara ishobora kuvurwa.
- Niba ukeka ko ufite ADHD, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka muganga w’inararibonye kugira ngo agusuzume neza kandi akuvure.
- Uramutse uvuwe neza, ushobora guhangana neza n'ibimenyetso bya ADHD n'ibibazo biyikomokaho, kandi ukabaho ubuzima bwiza.
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