Tekereza umuntu ukunda aramutse atangiye kugira impinduka zitunguranye kandi zihuse mu kwibuka kwe, imico ye, no guhuza imikorere y'umubiri. Ese wigeze wumva itsinda ry'indwara zo mu bwonko zidasanzwe cyane, zigenda zikura vuba kandi zigoye, ndetse n'abaganga basanga bigoye kuzisuzuma? Izi ndwara zizwi nka Prion Diseases.
Mu magambo yoroshye: Indwara za Prion ni iki?
Indwara za Prion ni itsinda ry'indwara zigira ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe no ku mitsi. Zishobora gutera indwara yo kwibagirwa cyane cyangwa ingorane zikomeye mu mikorere y'umubiri, kandi akenshi iyo ndwara irushaho kwangirika vuba cyane. Izi ndwara ni nke cyane; muri rusange, abantu bagera kuri 350 gusa ni bo bafatwa buri mwaka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
None se, ni iki kibitera? Prion ni poroteyine ziboneka mu bwonko bwawe mu buryo busanzwe. Kubera impamvu abahanga mu bya siyansi bagikomeje kwiga, izi poroteyine zishobora kwivanga, zigaterana, maze zigahinduka nk'izidasanzwe. Ikintu giteje akaga cyane ni uko prion imwe ivanze nabi ishobora gutuma poroteyine nziza zituranye nazo zivangavanze. Ni nk'ingaruka za domino zituma izi poroteyine zidasanzwe ziyongera, amaherezo zikangiza uturemangingo tw'ubwonko (neurons). Uku kwangirika ni byo bitera ibimenyetso.
Abantu benshi bitiranya indwara za prion n'indwara ya Alzheimer ( indwara ya Alzheimer ). Nubwo byombi bishobora gutera gutakaza kwibuka, hari itandukaniro rikomeye: indwara ya Alzheimer ikunze kwiyongera buhoro buhoro mu myaka myinshi. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, mu ndwara ya prion, iyi ndwara irushaho gukomera mu gihe gito cyane, akenshi mu mezi make. Byongeye kandi, kimwe na Alzheimer, nta muti uzwi uvura indwara za prion.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'indwara za Prion?
Indwara za Prion zishobora kwibasira abantu ndetse n'inyamaswa. Dore ubwoko bw'ibanze bwibasira abantu.
| Izina ry'indwara | Ibisobanuro bigufi |
|---|---|
| Indwara ya Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD) | Iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu, akenshi igaragara ku bantu barengeje imyaka 60. |
| Impinduka ya CJD (vCJD) | Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bakiri bato kandi byagaragaye ko bifitanye isano no kurya inyama z'inka zanduye "Indwara y'inka ishaje". |
| Indwara ya Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker | Indwara idakunze kugaragara cyane, ikwirakwizwa mu buryo bw'uturemangingo. |
| Gusinzira nabi mu muryango | Nanone ni indwara umuntu avukana, irangwa ahanini no kunanirwa gusinzira cyane kandi idashobora kuvurwa. |
| Kuru | Mu mateka, byakwirakwiriye binyuze mu mihango yo kurya abantu mu moko yo muri Papua Nouvelle-Guinée; ubu ntaho bikibaho. |
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya Prion?
Ibimenyetso by'indwara za prion bishobora kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye. Ibipimo by'ingenzi birimo impinduka zihuse mu byiyumvo byawe, kwibuka, no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
| Agace k'ingaruka | Ibimenyetso Bigaragara |
|---|---|
| Mu mutwe no mu myitwarire | Guhangayika cyane cyangwa kwiheba Impinduka zitunguranye mu myitwarire cyangwa mu miterere Indwara yo kwiheba ikomeje kwiyongera cyane |
| Ikoranabuhanga na moteri | Gutakaza uburinganire (ataxia) Ingendo idahamye Kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imitsi, gutitira cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi mu buryo butunguranye Imvugo idasobanutse neza Kugorwa no kumira |
| Ibindi bimenyetso | Indwara zo mu mutwe Ibibazo byo kutabona neza |
Impamvu n'Ingaruka z'Iterambere
Kenshi na kenshi, nko kwandura indwara ya CJD mu buryo butunguranye, iyo ndwara ibaho nta mpamvu igaragara. Ariko, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera indwara byagaragaye.
- Amateka y'umuryango : Hafi 15% by'abarwayi baba bafite umurage, uterwa n'impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya `PRNP`.
- Kwandura indwara : Ibi ni gake cyane, ariko bishobora kubaho binyuze mu gutera ingirangingo cyangwa iyo ibikoresho byo kubaga bidakozwe neza, kuko prions zirwanya isuku isanzwe.
- Kurya Inyama Zanduye: Kurya inyama z'inka zirwaye "Mad Cow Disease" (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy ) bishobora gutera vCJD. Amategeko akaze ku biryo by'inka n'amaraso byagabanyije cyane iki kibazo mu bihugu byinshi.
Indwara ya Prion ipimwa ite?
Gusuzuma indwara ya prion biragoye kuko ibimenyetso akenshi bisa n'ibindi. Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso nko kubura ubwenge, muganga wawe azabanza agaragaze izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera indwara nko gucika imitsi cyangwa ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko.
Ibikoresho byo gusuzuma indwara bishobora kuba birimo:
- Gutera Impumuro mu Rugongo (Urushinge rwo mu Mugongo): Urushinge rukoreshwa mu gukusanya amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) hirya no hino mu ruti rw'umugongo wawe kugira ngo hamenyekane ibimenyetso bya poroteyine bifitanye isano n'indwara za prion.
- MRI : Itanga ishusho irambuye y'ubwonko, ishobora kugaragaza imiterere yihariye y'indwara za prion.
- CT Scan: Ikoresha X-rays kugira ngo ibone amashusho y'ubwonko asobanutse neza.
Icyitonderwa cy'ingenzi:Isuzuma ry’indwara rishobora kwemezwa gusa binyuze mu gupima ubwonko. Ariko, kubera ko ubu buryo ari uburyo butera ingaruka mbi kandi bushobora gutera ibyago byinshi, ubusanzwe busuzumwa gusa iyo hari amakenga akomeye ko indwara ishingiye kuri ubwo burwayi ishobora kuvurwa.
Kuvura no Kwirinda
Ubu, nta muti uhari wo kuvura indwara za prion. Ubuvuzi bwibanda ku kwita ku ndwara zigabanya ububabare kugira ngo bufashe umurwayi kuvura ibimenyetso no kunoza ubuzima bwe. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo imiti igabanya ububabare, imiti igabanya ububabare, n'imiti ivura ibibazo by'imyitwarire cyangwa imitekerereze.
Uko indwara ikomeza kwiyongera, abarwayi bazakenera kwitabwaho igihe cyose, bishobora kuba birimo gukoresha catheter, ibyuma biva mu miyoboro y'amaraso, cyangwa imiyoboro yo kugaburira mu gihe biba bigoye kumira.
Ese ushobora kubikumira?
Imiterere y’uturemangingo ntishobora kwirindwa. Ariko, kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kwandura binyuze mu kwandura:
- Ibitaro bikomeza gukurikiza amabwiriza akomeye yo gufunga ibikoresho byo kubaga.
- Abantu barwaye indwara y’impyiko izwi cyangwa amateka y’umuryango wabo ntibagomba gutanga ingingo cyangwa ingirabuzimafatizo.
- Buri gihe ugura inyama ku masoko yemewe kandi yizewe.
Amabwiriza mpuzamahanga ku biryo by'amatungo n'umutekano w'ibiribwa yagenzuye neza ikwirakwira rya "Indwara y'inka ishaje" mu buhinzi bwa kijyambere.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara za prion ni indwara zidakunze kugaragara ariko zikomeye, kandi zigenda zikura vuba.
- Itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’indwara nka Alzheimer ni umuvuduko ukabije wo kwibuka, imyitwarire, n’imikorere y’umubiri bigabanuka.
- Gusuzuma indwara biragoye kandi bisaba iperereza ryihariye ku buvuzi.
- Nubwo nta muti uhari, uburyo bwo kuvura ibimenyetso butanga ihumure n'ubufasha ku murwayi.
- Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi agaragaje impinduka zitunguranye kandi zitasobanuwe mu mikorere y'ubwonko cyangwa imikorere y'umubiri, hamagara muganga wawe cyangwa usure ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihutirwa ryo mu gace utuyemo ako kanya.
Indwara za Prion, Indwara za Prion, Indwara ya Creutzfeldt-Jakob, CJD, indwara z'ubwonko, uturemangingo tw'imitsi, gutakaza kwibuka, kwibagirwa, indwara y'inka y'ibisazi
