Iingcali zithi kuqhelekile kakhulu ukuba umntu one-ADHD abe nenye okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ngaxeshanye. Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi abangazange bafunyanwe bene-ADHD besebancinci bagqibela bebona ugqirha ngenxa yezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo besebakhulile baze bafumanise ukuba bane-ADHD. Ngoko ke ukuba une-ADHD, kodwa uneempawu ezifana nomsindo oqhelekileyo, ukucaphuka, ukuthambekela kokuxoka ngokulula, ukuthambekela kokungakhathali kwabanye, kunye nokuthambekela kokungayinaki imigaqo yoluntu, kusengqiqweni ukuba ukhathazeke kancinci ukuba unokuba nazo zombini ezi meko.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-ADHD?
Ngamafutshane, i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) yimeko yempilo yengqondo echaphazela amandla akho okunikela ingqalelo, ukuhlala ugxile, nokucinga ngaphambi kokuba wenze into. Idla ngokuqala ebuntwaneni. Kodwa malunga nama-65% abantu, le meko inokuqhubeka de babe ngabantu abadala.
Njengoko ukhula, iimpawu zakho ze-ADHD zinokutshintsha okanye zinciphe kancinci. Umzekelo, ungafunda ukulawula ukuxakeka kwakho kwiindawo ezithile zentlalo.
Iimpawu ze-ADHD zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili: ukungakhathali, ukusebenza kakhulu , kunye nokungakhathali. Ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba une-ADHD, ezi mpawu kufuneka ziqale ngaphambi kokuba zibe neminyaka eli-12 ubudala kwaye ziqhubeke ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6. Ezi mpawu kufuneka zichaphazele iindawo ezingaphezu kwenye yobomi bakho (umz., ekhaya nasesikolweni/emsebenzini).
Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezinye zeempawu abantu abadala abanokuzibona xa bene-ADHD.
| Iimpawu ze-ADHD zabantu abadala | |
|---|---|
| • Ubunzima bokugqiba umsebenzi xa sele uqalile. | • Ubunzima bokugxila kwinto enye. |
| • Ukungaphumli ngalo lonke ixesha. | • Ukuthetha kakhulu ngexesha elinye. |
| • Ukunciphisa ukuzibamba. | • Ukulibala izinto rhoqo. |
| • Ubunzima bokugcina izithembiso. | • Ukwenza izigqibo ngaphandle kocwangco. |
| • Ukungakwazi ukulawula ixesha. | • Ukungakwazi ukukhetha into omawuyenze kuqala. |
| • Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwimo yeemvakalelo (ukutshintsha kwemo yeemvakalelo). | • Ukuzijongela phantsi. |
| • Ukulibazisa umsebenzi. | • Ukucaphuka lula. |
Ngoko ke yintoni le ngxaki yobuntu obungavisisaniyo nabantu (ASPD)?
Ingxaki yoBuntu obungavisisaniyo nabantu (i-ASPD) yimeko yempilo yengqondo ebangela ukuba abantu baziphathe ngeendlela ezingaphaya kwesiqhelo, kwaye zinokuchaphazela phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-4% yabemi.
Abantu abane-ASPD bayaphula imithetho, bayabaxhaphaza abanye, bayabenzakalisa abanye, kwaye baziphatha ngokungakhathali nangokungakhathali. Konke oku bakwenza ngaphandle kokuzisola okanye ukuziva benetyala.
Ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba une-ASPD, umntu kufuneka abe neminyaka eli-18 ubudala ubuncinane. Kwakhona, kufuneka ukuba ebeziphethe kakubi kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba afikelele kwiminyaka eli-15 ubudala. Olu hlobo lokuziphatha alunakubangelwa yi -schizophrenia okanye yi-bipolar disorder.
Abantu abane- ASPD babonisa ubuncinane ezintathu kwezi zilandelayo ezibonisa ukungahloniphi amalungelo abanye abantu.
- Ukwaphula imithetho.
- Ukuhlala uxoka okanye usebenzisa abanye ukuze uzuze.
- Ukwenza izigqibo ngokungxama nangokungacingi.
- Ukucaphuka msinya okanye ukuba ndlongondlongo.
- Ukuziphatha ngokungakhathali nangokuyingozi.
- Ukusebenza ngokungenankathalo.
- Ukungabonisi kuzisola ngokwenza okubi kwabanye okanye ukuzithethelela izenzo zakho.
Ngaba i-ADHD kunye ne-ASPD zingahlala kunye?
Ewe, kunjalo ngokuqinisekileyo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba malunga nama-90% abantu abadala abane-ADHD banenye okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo .
Enyanisweni, i-ASPD yenye yezona meko zixhaphakileyo zengqondo ezihambisana ne-ADHD. Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba amadoda ane-ADHD anamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-ASPD kunabafazi.
Ezinye iingxaki zengqondo eziqhelekileyo ezinokubakho kunye ne-ADHD ziquka:
- Iingxaki zokuxhalaba
- Iingxaki zeemvakalelo
- Iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
- Iingxaki zokuziphatha
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
- Iingxaki zolwimi
Ngaba iimpawu ze-ADHD kunye ne-ASPD ziyahambelana?
Ewe, oku kuhlala kunjalo. I-ADHD kunye ne-ASPD zombini zabelana ngeempawu ezinxulumene "nokungakhathali," ngoko ke ezi meko zimbini zinokudibana. Kodwa kukho umahluko kwindlela loo mvakalelo yokungakhathali ezibonakalisa ngayo.
Jonga ngoku...
| Ukungaqiniseki okubonwa kwi-ADHD | Ukungxama okubonwa kwi-ASPD |
|---|---|
| • Kulula ukuphazamiseka. | • Ukuziphatha ngokungakhathali okanye ngendlela eyonakalisayo. |
| • Ubuthathaka ekucwangciseni nasekungakwazini ukuhlela umsebenzi. | • Ukwaphula imithetho ngaphandle kokucinga ngemiphumo. |
| • Ukuqhuba ngengozi. | • Ukungawufumani ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi. |
| • Ukunciphisa ukuzibamba. | • Ukulimaza abanye, ukuba, okanye ukwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho nokungabonisi kuzisola . |
| • Ukuthetha kakhulu. | • Ukutyhola abanye ngeempazamo zabo. |
Umahluko ophambili kukuba abantu abane-ASPD ngabom nangokungaguquguqukiyo benza izinto ezilimaza abanye kwaye ababonisi kuzisola. Bazithethelela izenzo zabo okanye batyhole ixhoba. Basenokude baxoke, bebe, okanye benze ulwaphulo-mthetho ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
Ngaba i-ADHD ibangela i-ASPD? Yintoni edibanisayo?
Nantsi into ebalulekileyo. I-ADHD ayibangeli i-ASPD. Oko akuthethi ukuba umntu one-ADHD uza kuba ne-ASPD.
Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezininzi zifumanise ukuba umntwana one-ADHD ebuntwaneni usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-ASPD xa emdala.
Iingcali azikacaci ukuba kutheni i-ADHD iyinto ebangela umngcipheko kwi-ASPD. Kwakhona, akukho phando okwangoku malunga nokuba ukunyanga i-ADHD ebuntwaneni kunokunciphisa na umngcipheko wokufumana i-ASPD kamva ebomini.
Umphatha njani umntu onezi meko zombini?
Ukunyanga umntu one-ADHD kunye ne-ASPD kunokuba nzima kancinci. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba xa umntu eneengxaki ezimbini zempilo yengqondo, imeko "ebuthathaka" kufuneka inyangwe kuqala.
Kwimeko enjalo, oko kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni anyange i-ADHD ngaphambi kwe-ASPD. Olo nyango lungabandakanya:
- Unyango Lokuziphatha Olusebenzisa Ingqondo (i-CBT) ngokukodwa kwi-ADHD: Oku kunokukunceda uqonde iindlela zakho zokucinga kwaye ufunde iindlela zokuzitshintsha. Kunokukunceda uphuhlise izakhono kunye nemikhwa oyifunayo ukulawula iimpawu zakho.
- Izinto ezivuselela ingqondo: Iziyobisi ezifana ne-dexamphetamine, i-methylphenidate, kunye ne-modafinil.
- Amayeza angavuseleliyo:Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezifana nokuxhalaba kunye nokudakumba okunokwenzeka kwi-ADHD, kunye nezivuseleli, kubantu abangakwaziyo ukuthatha izivuseleli. Imizekelo ibandakanya izivuseleli zokudakumba, ezifana ne-atomoxetine, i-clonidine, kunye ne-guanfacine.
Ukulawula iimpawu ze-ASPD, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa:
- Unyango lwengqondo okanye unyango lokuthetha.
- Amayeza: Lawula iimpawu ezinje ngokuba ndlongondlongo kunye nokungakhathali usebenzisa amayeza okudakumba, amayeza okulwa nesifo sengqondo, amayeza okulwa nokuxhuzula, kunye nezinto ezizinzisa iimvakalelo.
Ukongeza, ezinye iingcali zithi ukudlala imidlalo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokwenza imisebenzi evuselelayo enyusa i-adrenaline kunokunceda ukulawula iingcinga ezinzulu (ezilungileyo nezimbi).
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba amaninzi okuba nezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo, kwaye i-ASPD yenye yezo meko.
- I-ADHD ayibangeli i-ASPD. Nangona kunjalo, i-ADHD yinto ebangela umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-ASPD. Ke ngoko, ayinguye wonke umntu one-ADHD oza kuba ne-ASPD.
- Ekubeni iimpawu zezi meko zombini zifana, zinokubhideka. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunokuba uzixilonge.
- Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu ezifana neze-ASPD, ungoyiki uze uthethe nogqirha wakho ngayo. Kukho unyango lwazo zombini ezi meko.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho