Ukuba umntu osondeleyo kuwe okanye umntu omthandayo une-ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ), ngamanye amaxesha ungafumanisa ukuba ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha zaloo mntu ziyakukhathaza, wena, okanye abanye. Enyanisweni, ezi ndlela zokuziphatha zinokunxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo nesifo se-ADHD. Ayingabo bonke abantu abadala abane-ADHD abathambekele ekuziphatheni okuyingozi, kodwa uninzi lwabo luyakwenza oko.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Yintoni isizathu sale nto?
Ukuze siqonde isizathu, kufuneka singene nzulu kancinci engqondweni. Ngamafutshane, iingqondo zethu zineekhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ezithwala imiyalezo zisiya phambili nangasemva. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters. I-Dopamine yi-neurotransmitter ebaluleke kakhulu elawula izinto ezinje ngolonwabo, ulwaneliseko kunye nengqalelo yethu.
Uphando lufumanise ukuba amanqanaba e-dopamine kwiingqondo zabantu abane-ADHD ngokubanzi aphantsi kancinci.
"Xa ulingeka ukuba wenze izinto ezinobungozi, amanqanaba e-dopamine engqondweni ayanda ngequbuliso. Ngenxa yokuba abantu abane-ADHD bafumana loo 'dopamine kick' abangenayo kwizinto ezinje, banokutsaleleka kwezi zinto zinobungozi ngaphandle kokuqaphela," utshilo uStephanie Sarkis, PhD, umcebisi wezempilo yengqondo .
Oko kuthetha ukuba baziva banelisekile kwaye bonwabile kancinci xa beqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu okanye bechitha imali ngokungakhathali. Oku kungenxa yokuba bafumana i-dopamine encinci ngelo xesha. Ukongeza, ezinye iimpembelelo zemfuza zinokwenza abantu abane-ADHD babe ngabangxamayo nabangxamayo.
Kwabanye abantu, ezi ngxaki zinokuba zincinci njengokufika emva kwexesha kwiintlanganiso. Kodwa kwabanye, zinokuba nkulu njengokuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye utywala kakubi. Ngoko ke, ukuqonda unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-ADHD kunye nezi ndlela zokuziphatha eziyingozi kubalulekile kuwe nakumntu omthandayo one-ADHD.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezinobungozi ezinxulumene ne-ADHD
Makhe sijonge ezinye zeengxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezinobungozi ezinxulumene ne-ADHD.
| Ukuziphatha/ingxaki enobungozi | Ingcaciso encinci |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuqala okanye ukugqiba umsebenzi | Kungaba ngumsebenzi wesikolo okanye umsebenzi wesikolo. Nokuba uqala, kunzima ukuhlala ugxile uze ugqibezele. |
| Ukwaphula izithembiso kunye nokufika emva kwexesha | Kuqhelekile ukubona abantu bengafiki ngexesha kwaye bengafiki emva kwexesha kwiindibano nemisebenzi. |
| Ukuchitha imali ngokungakhathali | Ngaphandle kwesicwangciso, sichitha imali eninzi ngokungxama. Siyazisola kamva. |
| Iingxabano ezihlala zisenzeka | Ukucaphuka lula nokuxambulisana kunokuphazamisa ubudlelwane bentlalo. |
| Ubunzima bokugcina ubudlelwane | Kuba nzima ukugcina ubuhlobo kunye nolwalamano lothando. |
| Ukuqhuba ngengozi | Isantya esigqithisileyo kunye nokugqitha ngokungakhathali zezona zinto zinokubangela iingozi. |
| Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi notywala | Abantu abane-ADHD banamathuba aphindwe kathandathu okuba ngamakhoboka eziyobisi okanye utywala. |
| Ukuziphatha ngokwesondo okuyingozi | Kungakhokelela kwizinto ezifana nokwenza isondo esingakhuselekanga. |
Ukongeza kwezi zinto, imeko-bume yosapho, abahlobo, ezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo ezifana nokudakumba, okanye ukwenzakala entloko nako kunokubangela ukwanda kwezi ndlela zokuziphatha eziyingozi.
Ndingakunceda njani?
Ukuba umntu omaziyo one-ADHD ubandakanyeka kwezi ntlobo zeendlela zokuziphatha eziyingozi, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunceda.
1. Musa ukutyhola, zama ukuqonda.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhumbula ukuba i-ADHD yimeko yebhayoloji, yemithambo-luvo , neyemfuza . Asinto umntu anokuyiqamba ngabom. Yinto yokwenyani, kwaye inokuba nemiphumo yokwenyani.
Ukuba uthetha naye ngobubele nangokuqonda kunokuba ucaphuke okanye ugxeke, kunokwenzeka ukuba akuthembe aze athethe nawe ngengxaki xa enayo.
2. Cwangcisa uze ujoyine.
Iinxalenye zangaphambili zobuchopho bethu zinoxanduva lokulungelelanisa nokuceba ikamva. Eli candelo lobuchopho lisebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo kancinci xa une-ADHD.
Ngoko ke, mncede acwangcise usuku lwakhe aze amisele inkqubo. Umzekelo, ningenza ikhalenda kunye nize niqhele ukwenza izinto ezithile ngexesha elinye yonke imihla. Oku kuya kumnceda ukuba angafiki emva kwexesha aze aphule izithembiso.
3. Zilolonge kunye
Uphando olutsha lubonisa ukuba umthambo unokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ze-ADHD. Esinye isizathu kukuba nokuba yimizuzu embalwa yokwenza umthambo kunokunyusa amanqanaba eekhemikhali engqondweni njenge-dopamine. Ukuba unokunyusa amanqanaba e-dopamine ngeendlela ezisempilweni ezifana nomthambo, usenokungabi namathuba amaninzi okuzibandakanya kwiindlela ezinobungozi ezifana nokusela utywala okanye ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu.
4. Thumela unyango kwaye ulukhuthaze
Amayeza e-ADHD anokuba luncedo kakhulu kwabanye abantu. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba xa amadoda ane-ADHD ewasela amayeza awo ngokuchanekileyo, ayekwazi ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana ingozi yemoto ngaphezulu kwama-50%.
Unyango Lokuziphatha Olusebenzisa Ingqondo (i-CBT) lukwasebenza kakhulu ekunciphiseni iimpawu ze-ADHD. Lubandakanya ukuchonga iingcinga zethu ezimbi, ukuzitshintsha, kunye nokuphucula indlela esiziphatha ngayo.
"Iziphumo ziba nkulu kakhulu xa amayeza kunye neengcebiso kusetyenziswa kunye. Ngoko ke ukuba umntu omthandayo akabonani nogqirha wengqondo okanye umcebisi, mthumele komnye," ucebisa uNksz. Sarkis.
Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ogxile kwi-ADHD ukuze aqinisekise ukuba umntu omthandayo uyayidinga na imithi. Nangona i-ADHD ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, unyango olufanelekileyo lunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayisiyonto umntu ayenzayo ngabom, yimeko yempilo yokwenyani.
- Iindlela zokuziphatha ezinobungozi zihlala zinxulunyaniswa namanqanaba aphantsi e-dopamine engqondweni.
- Kusebenza ngakumbi ukuqonda nokuxhasa kunokuba nomsindo.
- Ukubanceda bacwangcise usuku lwabo baze bamisele inkqubo kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
- Ngokuzibandakanya kwimikhwa esempilweni efana nokuzilolonga kunye, ninokunciphisa iindlela zokuziphatha ezinobungozi.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhuthaza abantu ukuba bafune iingcebiso zonyango kunye nonyango kugqirha onolwazi kweli candelo.
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