Ngaba umntwana wakho unikwe amayeza e-ADHD ngugqirha kuba enengxaki yokunikela ingqalelo? Okanye ukhe weva ngomntwana womhlobo wakhe owathathayo? La mayeza aluncedo kakhulu xa ethathwa kanye njengoko enikwe ngugqirha. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olutsha lutyhile umkhwa oyingozi kwabanye abantwana abakwiminyaka yokufunda ukuwasebenzisa gwenxa. Njengabazali, kubalulekile ukuba sonke sikuqaphele oku.
Okokuqala, yintoni i-ADHD?
I-ADHD, okanye i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, yimeko ekuthethwa ngayo kakhulu kwilizwe lethu ngoku. Ngamafutshane, yimeko enxulumene nophuhliso lwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Umntwana onale meko unokuba neengxaki ezintathu eziphambili:
1. Ubunzima bokugcina ingqalelo (Ukungakhathali): Ubunzima bokugcina ingqalelo kumsebenzi omnye ngexesha. Ukuphazamiseka lula.
2. Ukuxakeka kakhulu : Ubunzima bokuhlala kwindawo enye. Ukusoloko ubaleka, utsiba, kwaye ungaphumli.
3. Ukungxama: Ukwenza izinto nokuthetha ngequbuliso ngaphandle kokucinga.
Ezi mpawu zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwizinto ezifana nomsebenzi wabo wezemfundo kunye nolwalamano nabahlobo.
Kutheni kumiselwe izikhuthazi ze-ADHD?
Ugqirha angamnika umntwana one-ADHD amayeza okuvuselela ingqondo, njengeRitalin. Ngoku unokucinga, "Ukunika umntwana osebenza kakhulu esinye isivuseleli kuya kumenza abe nzima ngakumbi, akunjalo?" Kodwa okuchaseneyo kuyinyani ngokwenene.
Cinga ngokufaka iiglasi kumntu oyimfama. Njengokuba isipili sinceda ekugxiliseni amehlo, la mayeza alungelelanisa iikhemikhali (ii-neurotransmitters) ezilawula ingqalelo engqondweni, zisusa izinto ezingeyomfuneko, kwaye zinceda ekugxiliseni ingqalelo kwindawo enye.
Oku kwenza kube lula kakhulu kumntwana ukufunda ngokuzolileyo, ukulandela imiyalelo, nokugqiba imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngempumelelo.
Kuthetha ukuthini "ukusetyenziswa gwenxa"? Kutheni abantwana besenza loo nto?
"Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamayeza " kubhekisa ekusebenziseni amayeza ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. Uphononongo olukhulu lwakutshanje lubonise ukuba abantwana aba-1 kwaba-4 kwezinye izikolo basebenzisa amayeza e-ADHD kakubi. Esi sisifo esibi kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kutheni abantwana besenza ezi zinto.
| Uhlobo lokusetyenziswa gwenxa | Isizathu Sokusetyenziswa Kakubi |
|---|---|
| Ukusebenzisa amayeza omnye umntu ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. (umz., ukucela isiselo kumhlobo) | Funda ngexesha leemviwo ngokulala, ukhulisa ukugxila kwakho. Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba "zii-Study Drugs". |
| Ukuthatha ngaphezu kwedosi emiselweyo. | 'Ukudla kakhulu' ngenxa yokuzonwabisa, okanye ukunxila. |
| Ukutyumza iipilisi nokuziginya ngeempumlo (ukufutha) okanye ngezinye iindlela. | Ukufumana isiphumo seyeza ngokukhawuleza nangokubukhali. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. |
Zithini iingozi ezinkulu zempilo zale nto?
Ukusebenzisa amayeza anamandla kangaka ngaphandle kweliso likagqirha kufana nokuqhuba imoto ngesantya esiphezulu ngaphandle kokwazi imithetho yendlela. Ingozi enkulu inokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha.
- Isifo sentliziyo: Isantya sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi zinokunyuka ngendlela engaqhelekanga, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi.
- Iingxaki zengqondo: Ingqondo (ukudideka inyani nokungakholelwa), i-Paranoia (ukurhanela abanye ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukucinga ukuba wonke umntu uchasene nawe), kunye nomsindo omkhulu unokubakho.
- Umlutha: Xa eli yeza lisetyenziswa gwenxa, ingqondo iyaliqhela. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, eli yeza linokuba yinto enyanzelekileyo, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni likhoboka kakhulu.
- Ukufa ngokugqithisileyo : Ukuba uthatha idosi engaphezulu kuneyamiselweyo, umzimba awukwazi ukumelana nayo kwaye nokufa kunokwenzeka.
Uxinzelelo loontanga sesona sizathu sikhulu!
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo olu phononongo luyityhile yile. Njengoko inani labantwana abasebenzisa amayeza e-ADHD ngokusemthethweni esikolweni lisanda, nenani labantwana abawasebenzisa kakubi la mayeza nalo liyanda. Kuba, amathuba okuba abantwana bafumane baze bacele la mayeza ayanda. Xa abahlobo besithi izinto ezinje, "Kunzima ukufunda, zama," abanye abantwana bayalingeka ukuba benze okufanayo.
Singenza ntoni njengabazali?
Kusengqiqweni ukuziva usoyika xa usiva ngale nto. Kodwa ngaphezu kokoyika, kubalulekile ukuba sithathe inyathelo.
1. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nomntwana wakho: Thetha nomntwana wakho malunga "nokufunda iziyobisi" kunye neengozi zokusebenzisa amayeza gwenxa ngendlela engenabungozi neyobuhlobo. Mfundise indlela yokujongana noxinzelelo loontanga.
2. Gcina amayeza omntwana wakho ekhuselekile: Ukuba umntwana wakho unikwe la mayeza, qiniseka ukuba uwagcina kwindawo etshixiweyo. Musa ukuwagcina kwidrowa yekhitshi okanye kwikhabhathi yamayeza enokuvulwa lula.
3. Lumka malunga nobungakanani beyeza: Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uthatha idosi echanekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Jonga inani leepilisi. Ukuba iyeza elisebhotileni liphela ngokukhawuleza kunokuba bekulindelwe, fumana.
4. Lumka kwizinto ezinobungozi:
- Utshintsho kwiindlela zokulala (ukungalali ebusuku kunye nokudinwa emini)
- Iingxaki zokutya (i-anorexia)
- Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela yokuziphatha (ukuba nomsindo ngakumbi, ukufihla iimfihlo)
- Ukwehla ngequbuliso komsebenzi wesikolo okanye ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga.
- Umntwana uneepilisi ezingezizo ezakhe.
Ukuba unamathandabuzo anje, ungoyiki, kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho kuqala. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukungamgxeki umntwana, kodwa kukuqonda ingxaki kwaye ufune ingcebiso kagqirha. Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, umzekelo, ukuba umntwana usele amayeza amaninzi kwaye uziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga, mthathe ngoko nangoko umse kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izikhuthazi ze-ADHD ziluncedo kakhulu kwaye zikhuselekile xa zisetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
- Nangona kunjalo, ukuthatha eli yeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha okanye ukulisebenzisa gwenxa kunokukhokelela kwiingozi ezinkulu zempilo, umlutha, kwanokufa.
- Izifundo zakutshanje ziqinisekisile ukuba uxinzelelo loontanga ezikolweni luyimbangela enkulu yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwala mayeza.
- Njengabazali, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nabantwana malunga neengozi zokusebenzisa iziyobisi, ukugcina amayeza ekhaya ekhuselekile, kunye nokuqaphela utshintsho kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye iinkxalabo, ungaze uzityeshele. Funa ingcebiso kugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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