Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokugqiba umsebenzi othile? Ngaba uziva ungaphumli, ungaphumli, kwaye unomdla wokwenza izigqibo ngokungxama? Okanye ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho udlamkile kwaye ungxamile? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ). Ngoko ke, enye yezona ndlela ziphambili nezisetyenziswa kakhulu zoku kunyango ngamayeza avuselelayo. La mayeza anokukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho. Makhe sithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula namhlanje.
Zithini ezi ziyobisi ezivuselelayo?
Ngamafutshane, eli yeza linceda ukulawula iimpawu eziphambili ze-ADHD. Oko kukuthi:
- Ubunzima bokugcina ingqalelo (ixesha elifutshane lokunika ingqalelo)
- Ukuziphatha ngokungxama
- Ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo
Ngamanye amaxesha eli yeza linikwa lodwa njengonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba usebenzise eli yeza kunye nonyango lokuziphatha.
Malunga nama-70% abantu abadala kunye nama-70% ukuya kuma-80% abantwana abasela la mayeza balawula kakuhle iimpawu zabo. Anciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakhulu , ukuphazamiseka, kunye nokungaphumli. Akwakunceda ukugqiba imisebenzi kwaye ugcine ubudlelwane nabanye.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba lo gama nje besebenzisa eli yeza, izigulane ziyakwazi ukugcina ingqalelo kunye nokuziphatha kwazo kwinqanaba elingcono.
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Cinga ngale ndlela: ubuchopho bethu buneekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'postmen' ezithwala imiyalezo phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo. Abantu abane-ADHD banamaqondo aphantsi kancinci kwezi 'postmen' zimbini, i-dopamine kunye ne-norepinephrine.
Oko kwenziwa zezi zivuseleli kukunyusa amanqanaba ezo khemikhali . Ezi khemikhali zihlala ziveliswa ngokwendalo xa senza into esenza sonwabe. Oko kwenziwa zezi ziyobisi, njengaloo nkqubo yendalo, kukukhupha ezi khemikhali kancinci kancinci engqondweni. Oku kwandisa amandla akho, kukunceda ugxile, kwaye kukugcina uphaphile.
Iindidi eziphambili zamayeza avuselelayo asetyenziselwa i-ADHD
Amayeza okuvuselela i-ADHD anokwahlulwa abe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili: esebenza ixesha elifutshane, esebenza ixesha eliphakathi, kunye nesebenza ixesha elide.
- Amayeza asebenza ixesha elifutshane: La athathwa kabini okanye kathathu ngemini. Inzuzo kukuba unokulawula ixesha elichithwa liyeza emzimbeni wakho. Ingxaki kukuba kufuneka ukhumbule ukuwasela rhoqo amayeza.
- Amayeza asebenza ixesha elide: La adla ngokuthathwa kube kanye ngemini, rhoqo kusasa. Inzuzo kukuba akufuneki ukhumbule ukuwasela amayeza akho rhoqo. Oku kunokunciphisa ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ingxaki kukuba ude ufumane idosi kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo leyeza, unokuba nengxaki yokulala ebusuku.
La mayeza angeza njengeepilisi, amabala, ulwelo, okanye iipilisi ezihlafunwayo. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo kunye nomthamo ofanelekileyo kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho.
| Ixesha lokusebenza | Igama eliqhelekileyo lesiyobisi | Imizekelo yamagama ebhrendi |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusebenza ixesha elifutshane | I-Methylphenidate, i-Dextroamphetamine, i-Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine, i-Dexmethylphenidate | URitalin, uDexedrine, uAdderall, uFocalin |
| Umdlali oPhakathi | I-Methylphenidate, i-Amphetamine sulfate | I-Ritalin SR, i-Metadate ER, i-Evekeo |
| Ukusebenza ixesha elide | I-Methylphenidate, iLisdexamfetamine, i-Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine, iDexmethylphenidate | Concerta, Ritalin LA, Vyvanse, Adderall XR, Focalin XR, Daytrana (isiqwenga) |
Ngubani ongafanele asebenzise eli yeza?
Ukuba unenye yezi meko zempilo zilandelayo, akufuneki usebenzise ezi zikhuthazi. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
- Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo okanye naluphi na ubuthathaka entliziyweni yakho
- Ukuba une-glaucoma (uxinzelelo oluphezulu emehlweni)
- Ukuba unexhala elikhulu, ukungazinzi, okanye ukuphazamiseka
- Ukuba unesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-tics (iintshukumo ezingalawulekiyo zamalungu omzimba)
- Ukuba unesifo sikaTourette, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onaso
- Ukuba kukho imbali yesifo sengqondo
- Ukuba usebenzise iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-'Monoamine oxidase inhibitor' (MAOI) kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngamayeza?
Njengakweminye imithi, le inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uninzi lwexesha ezi zizinto zexeshana. Ziya kuphela emva kweeveki ezimbalwa njengoko umzimba wakho uqhela amayeza.
| Imiphumela | Inkcazo kunye Nento Onokuyenza |
|---|---|
| Intloko ebuhlungu, isisu esibuhlungu | Ezi zifo zihlala zisenzeka kwaye zinyamalale kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbalwa. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi olunyukileyo | Ugqirha uza kujonga uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi rhoqo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa lumnqweno wokutya/ukwehla kobunzima | Oku kungaphetshwa ngokuthatha amayeza emva kokutya. Faka izidlo ezineekhalori eziphezulu kwizidlo zakho. |
| Ukungaphumli, ukungalali | Oku kungathintelwa ngokutshintsha idosi okanye uhlobo lwamayeza. Thetha nogqirha wakho. |
| IiTics | Oku kunokulawulwa ngokutshintsha idosi yeyeza. |
Ukuba abantwana banikwa eli yeza, abanye abantwana banokukhula kancinci kunabantwana abangalisebenzisiyo eli yeza. Kodwa oku akuchaphazeli ubude babo bokugqibela. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ubude nobunzima bomntwana wakho rhoqo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyaqhubeka, okanye ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha ezingaqhelekanga ezivelelayo, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ngaba unokuba likhoboka lala mayeza?
Le yingxaki kubantu abaninzi. Enyanisweni, xa inikwa abantwana kunye nabantu abancinci ngedosi ecetyiswayo ye-ADHD, la mayeza awabangeli umlutha. Akukho bungqina bokuba ukuthatha la mayeza kubangela umlutha kamva wamayeza. Enyanisweni, uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abathatha amayeza e-ADHD banamazinga aphantsi okusebenzisa iziyobisi kunabo bane-ADHD abangawathathiyo amayeza.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba lokuba umlutha ukuba naluphi na uhlobo lotywala olusetyenziswa gwenxa . Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unembali yokuba likhoboka leziyobisi okanye utywala.
Amanye amacebiso abalulekileyo kubazali
Ukuba ucinga ngokuqala umntwana wakho amayeza okukhuthaza i-ADHD, khumbula ezi zinto.
- Soloko usela amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ngedosi echanekileyo, nangexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukuba unemibuzo, thetha nogqirha wakho.
- Xa uqala ukusebenzisa amayeza , qala ngempelaveki. Ngale ndlela, ungayibona ngcono indlela amayeza achaphazela ngayo umntwana wakho.
- Ugqirha udla ngokuqala ngedosi ephantsi aze anyuse idosi kancinci kancinci.
- Ziqhelise ukunika umntwana wakho amayeza ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla. Ungadinga uncedo lotitshala okanye umongikazi ukuze akunike amayeza esikolweni.
- Ukuba ulibele ukunika idosi, yinike ngexesha elilandelayo elicwangcisiweyo. Musa ukunika idosi eyongezelelweyo ukuze ubuyisele idosi oyiphosileyo. Musa ukunika iyeza emva kwexesha elide.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amayeza okuvuselela aluncedo kakhulu kunyango lwe-ADHD, kodwa awafanelekanga kuye wonke umntu.
- La mayeza asebenza ngokulinganisela iikhemikhali ze-neurochemicals engqondweni.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka, kodwa uninzi lwazo zezokwexeshana kwaye ziyalawuleka.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Akufuneki utshintshe umthamo okanye uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Umngcipheko wokuba likhoboka uphantsi kakhulu xa uthathwa ngedosi ecetyiswayo, kodwa qaphela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba usetyenziswe kakubi.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nineenkxalabo, ningaze nithandabuze ukuzixoxa nogqirha wenu.
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