Ngaba wakha wanamathela ekuhlambeni amazinyo akho uzibuza, 'Ndingayenza njani le nto?' Okanye wakha waphawula ukuba umntwana wakho omncinci ufuna ukuthetha kodwa uneengxaki zokusebenzisa umlomo nolwimi lwakhe ngokufanelekileyo? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zengxaki enzulu kunokuba sicinga. Yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje, i-apraxia . Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku. Masichaze yonke into ngokulula.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-apraxia?
Ngamafutshane, i-apraxia yimeko yemithambo-luvo apho kufuneka wenze intshukumo ethile, kodwa awukwazi ukuyenza. Into engaqhelekanga kukuba akukho buthathaka kwimisipha efunekayo ukuze wenze loo ntshukumo, kwaye unokwazi kwaye unqwenela ukuyenza.
Cinga ngale ndlela. Ingqondo yakho ifana nomphathi wenkampani. Izihlunu ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yakho ngabasebenzi. Nangona umphathi (ingqondo) enika umyalelo wokwenza umsebenzi, umyalezo awuhambi kubasebenzi (izihlunu) ngokuchanekileyo. Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kwi-apraxia. Ngenxa yomonakalo engqondweni, umzimba awukwazi ukwenza ngokuchanekileyo ulandelelwano lwemiyalelo efunekayo ukuze wenze intshukumo ethile.
Yintoni iDyspraxia?
Usenokuba ukhe weva nge -dyspraxia . Olu luhlobo olungephi lwe-apraxia. Ludla ngokuqala ebuntwaneni. Lubangela iingxaki ngokuhambahamba kunye nokulungelelaniswa. Lunokuchaphazela izinto ezifana nokukhwela ibhayisekile, ukubhala kakuhle, okanye ukubopha imitya yezihlangu zakho. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba amandla okushukuma akalahleki ngokupheleleyo, kodwa aphazamiseki ngandlela thile. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-apraxia, amandla okwenza ezinye iintshukumo anokulahleka ngokupheleleyo.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-apraxia?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-apraxia. Ngayinye ichaphazela umzimba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda oku, makhe sijonge le theyibhile.
| Uhlobo lwe-apraxia | Indlela echaphazela ngayo kunye nenkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| Umlinganiselo weNtetho | Nangona ufuna ukuthetha, awukwazi ukushukumisa umlomo, ulwimi, okanye imilebe yakho ngokufanelekileyo ukuze wenze amagama. Oku akubangelwa bubuthathaka bemisipha. Kunokwenzeka ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala ngokufanayo. |
| I-Oral Apraxia | Kunzima ukushukumisa ngabom iindawo zomlomo, ulwimi, imilebe kunye nenkalakahla. Oku kuchaphazela ukuthetha, ukutya nokusela. |
| I-Ideomotor Apraxia | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Usenokungakwazi ukulinganisa into eyenziwa ngomnye umntu (umz., ukushukumisa isandla sakho) okanye ukwenza intshukumo ngokuyalelwa (umz., ukwenza ngathi ubetha isando). |
| I-Apraxia Efanelekileyo | Ingqondo ayinakukwazi ukwenza isicwangciso esifunekayo ukuze ifezekise umsebenzi obandakanya amanyathelo aliqela, njengokuxukuxa amazinyo okanye ukwenza ikofu. |
| I-Limb-Kinetic Apraxia | Ubunzima bokushukumisa umnwe, ingalo, okanye umlenze ngendlela oyifunayo. Umzekelo, ukungakwazi ukuqhobosha ihempe. |
| I-Apraxia yoKwakha | Awunakuzoba umfanekiso olula, uwukopishe, okanye wenze into elula. |
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Apraxia kunye ne-Aphasia?
Abantu badla ngokubhidanisa ezi meko zimbini, kuba zombini zinokwenzeka kunye. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini.
I-Aphasia yingxaki yolwimi echaphazela ubuchule bokuqonda amagama, ukukhumbula amagama, ukuthetha, ukubhala nokufunda.
Nangona kunjalo, i-apraxia ayiyongxaki yokuqonda ulwimi. Uyazi ukuba ufuna ukuthini igama, kodwa awukwazi ukuqalisa nokulungelelanisa iintshukumo zemisipha ezifunekayo ukuze ubize elo gama.
Ngamafutshane, i-aphasia yingxaki 'kwiziko lolwimi' lobuchopho. I-Apraxia yingxaki 'kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa intshukumo' esuka ebuchotsheni iye emlonyeni.
Zithini iimpawu zomntu one-apraxia?
Uphawu oluphambili kukungakwazi ukwenza iintshukumo ngabom, nangona unamandla ngokwasemzimbeni. Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo apho ubuchopho bumonzakele khona .
Iimpawu zokuqala ze-Apraxia yoKuthetha ebuntwaneni:
- Ukubhibhidla kunqabile kakhulu ebuntwaneni.
- Ukwenza izandi ezimbalwa kuphela.
- Ukuthetha ngaphandle kokwenza izandi, njengoonobumba bokuqala begama.
- Ukuthetha igama ngokuchanekileyo kube kanye, kodwa ungakwazi ukulibiza ngokuchanekileyo kwixesha elizayo.
- Ukuzama ukuveza izimvo ngokunqwala okanye ngokuthetha ngezandla endaweni yokuthetha.
Iimpawu ze-Apraxia yabantu abadala kwiNtetho:
- Ukuthetha kancinci kakhulu.
- Kufana nokuthi 'ikhitshi' endaweni yokuthi 'inkukhu', okanye ukuthi elinye igama endaweni yokuthi 'ikhitshi'.
- Xa uzama ukuthetha igama, imilebe nolwimi ziyashukuma zisiya phambili nangasemva, zibonakala ngathi zikhangela amagama (g ROP ing).
- Ukukwazi ukuthetha amagama okanye amabinzana aqhelekileyo afana nokuthi 'molo' ngaphandle kobunzima.
- Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, inokubangela ukuba umntu angakwazi ukwenza naluphi na uvakalelo.
Kutheni le nto isenzeka le apraxia? Zithini izizathu?
I-Apraxia yenzeka xa iindawo ezithile zobuchopho, ingakumbi i-parietal lobe, zingasebenzi kakuhle. Eyona nto ibangela oku kukonakala kwengqondo.
- Istroke
- Ukonzakala entloko
- Iimeko ezifana ne -dementia
- Ithumba lobuchopho
Nangona kunjalo, imbangela echanekileyo yokungabikho kwentetho ebuntwaneni ayikaziwa . Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba oku kubangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemiqondiso phakathi kwengqondo kunye nezihlunu ezifunekayo ukuze kuthethwe. Izizathu zemfuza kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kusaphandwa.
Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba le yi-apraxia?
Akukho vavanyo lunye olunokuxilonga oku ngokuchanekileyo. Ugqirha wakhoIsigqibo sifikelelwa emva kokukuhlola wena okanye umntwana wakho kunye nokufunda ngononophelo iimpawu.
- Uvavanyo lwezonyango: Ugqirha uza kukucela ukuba wenze imisebenzi eqhelekileyo, efana nokuxubha amazinyo akho nokukama iinwele zakho. Uza kwenza novavanyo lomzimba ukujonga ubuthathaka bemisipha.
- Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwengqondo: Kunokwenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi kwizinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ulwimi, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa komonakalo wobuchopho, i-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan ingayalelwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba umonakalo uphi kwaye ungakanani.
Ingxaki yokungakwazi ukuthetha ebuntwaneni idla ngokuxilongwa yingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha . Bathetha nomntwana, bamcele ukuba athethe igama elinye izihlandlo ezininzi, baze bahlole umlomo, ulwimi, kunye nemilebe yomntwana ukuze bafumanise ukuba unesifo. Kudla ngokuba nzima ukufumanisa esi sifo de umntwana abe neminyaka emibini ubudala.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-apraxia?
Okokuqala, akukho nyango luchanekileyo lwe-apraxia okwangoku . Nangona kunjalo, kukho unyango olunokunceda ukulawula imeko, ukunciphisa iimpawu kakhulu, kunye nokunceda abantu baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
- Unyango Lomzimba: Ukuba unengxaki yokushukumisa amalungu akho omzimba, sikunika imithambo kunye noqeqesho ukukunceda.
- Unyango Lomsebenzi: Uqeqesho lokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla efana nokuxukuxa amazinyo, ukunxiba, nokutya ngokuzimela kwakhona.
- Unyango Lolwimi Lokuthetha: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-apraxia yokuthetha. Abantwana banokufuna unyango iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu ngeveki.
Kwi-speech therapy, izinto ezinje zenziwa:
- Ziqhelise ukubiza izandi namagama ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
- Ukuziqhelanisa nokuthetha amazwi ngokuhlala phambi kwesibuko uze ujonge indlela umlomo wakho oshukuma ngayo.
- Ukuzama ukuthetha ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngesingqi okanye ngomculo.
- Kwimeko apho ukuthetha kunzima kakhulu, baqeqeshwa nokusebenzisa ulwimi lwezandla okanye izixhobo ze-elektroniki ezifana neekhompyutha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Apraxia ayibobuthathaka bemisipha, kodwa yingxaki yemithambo-luvo eyenzeka xa imiyalelo ithunyelwa isuka engqondweni iye kwimisipha.
- Le meko inokuchaphazela imisebenzi elula, enamanyathelo amaninzi njengokuthetha, ukuhambisa amalungu omzimba, okanye ukuxukuxa amazinyo.
- I-Apraxia kunye ne-aphasia ziimeko ezimbini. I-Aphasia yingxaki yolwimi.
- Nangona ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, iimpawu zinokulawulwa kakuhle ngonyango lomzimba, unyango lomsebenzi, ngakumbi unyango lokuthetha.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unezinye zezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze nixoxe ngale nto kwaye nifumane iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kunye nolwalathiso.
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