Ngaba wakha weva isandi somlozi xa uphefumla, ingakumbi xa ukhupha umoya? Usenokuba ukhe wakuva oku xa unomkhuhlane. Oku sikubiza ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi-wheezing . Oku kusenokungabi yinto enkulu kwabanye abantu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula.
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Yintoni kanye kanye le nto yokuphefumla?
Ngamafutshane, ukuphefumla sisandi esivakalayo nesivakalayo xa uphefumla. Oku kwenzeka xa iindlela zomoya (iindlela zokuphefumla) emiphungeni yethu zivalekile ngesizathu esithile. Cinga ngaso njengesandi osenzayo xa ubambe umlomo webhaluni egcwele umoya uze uvuthele umoya kuyo. Xa iindlela zethu zomoya zivalekile, esi sandi senziwa xa umoya uphuma kuloo ndawo imxinwa.
Eyona nto ibangela ukuphefumla kakubi ziimeko ezifana ne -asthma kunye ne -COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) . Ingabangelwa zizifo zokuphefumla ezifana ne-bronchitis kunye nee-allergies ezahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha esi sandi sokuphefumla singahamba nokukhwehlela. Oku kungenxa yokuba umzimba uzama ukukhupha izinto ezifana ne-mucus evalelekileyo kwimibhobho yomoya.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokuphefumla kunye nezinye izandi ezifanayo?
Ayizizo zonke izandi zokuphefumla ezivakala ngathi zivakala ngathi ziphefumla. Ngamanye amaxesha usenokungaziva ezi zandi ngokwakho, kodwa xa ugqirha ebeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho, unokuziva kakuhle ezi zandi.
Masiqonde umahluko phakathi kwezi zandi kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lwesandi | Ukuva indalo | Ixesha lokuva |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuphefumla | Isandi esivakala phezulu, somculo, nesandi esivakalayo, esifana nempempe. | Ihlala ixhaphakile xa uphefumla. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuvakala xa uphefumla. |
| URonchi | Isandi sokurhona, sokufutha, nesandi esirhabaxa kancinci. | Ingavakala xa uphefumla kwaye uphefumla ngaphandle. |
| IStridor | Isandi esikhwazayo nesiphezulu kakhulu. Asingomculo ofana nokuphefumla. | Idla ngokubangelwa kukuxinana komqala okanye ziintambo zelizwi. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba uva ukuphefumla kokubini xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi nangaphandle, oko kuthetha ukuba indlela yomoya incinci kakhulu.
Zithini izizathu zokuphefumla?
Ukuphefumla kakhulu kunokubangelwa zizifo ezininzi kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo. Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili:
- Isifuba: Iindlela zomoya ziyadumba kwaye zinciphe ngenxa yokuveliswa kakhulu kwe-mucus.
- I-COPD: Ukudumba kunye nokuqina okubangelwa kukonakala kwemiphunga.
- Ii-Allergies : Iimpendulo kwi-pollen, uthuli, i-dander yezilwanyana, ukutya okuthile, okanye ukulunywa zizinambuzane.
- Izifo zokuphefumla: Izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane, i-bronchitis, kunye ne-pneumonia.
- Kukho into ebambekayo kwindlela yomoya: Ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci, ngenxa yokuginya into efana nokutya okanye ithoyi.
- I-GERD ( isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux ): Usulelo lwendlela yokuphefumla olubangelwa yi-asidi yesisu ephumayo emphinjeni.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo: Ukwanda kolwelo emiphungeni ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo.
- Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya okanye ukuchanabeka kumsi wecuba.
- I-Bronchiolitis: Usulelo lweendlela zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni, ingakumbi ezixhaphakileyo kubantwana abancinci.
Funda kabanzi malunga nokuphefumla kweentsana ezincinci.
Ukuphefumla kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci nakwiintsana. Oku kungenxa yokuba iindlela zabo zomoya zincinci kakhulu. Nokuba kukho umkhuhlane omncinci, ezo tyhubhu zincinci zinokudumba, zizaliswe yi-mucus, kwaye zivaleke lula.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho uphefumla kancinci akuthethi ukuba unesifo se-asthma.Uninzi lwabantwana luyayeka ukuba sesi sifo xa bekhula, ngoko ke oogqirha abadli ngokuxilonga isifo sesifuba de umntwana abe neminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwemi-5 ubudala.
Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqaphele: Ukuba umntwana ngequbuliso uqala ukuphefumla ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakhe. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango.
Ungayifumana njani imbangela yokuphefumla nokunyanga?
Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze afumane unobangela.
- Bakubuza imibuzo (njengokuba sele kudlule ixesha elingakanani oku kwenzeka? Ingaba kwenzeka ebusuku okanye emini? Ngaba kuyavela xa uzilolonga?).
- Ukumamela isifuba nge-stethoscope.
- I-X-ray yesifuba.
- Uvavanyo lokusebenza kokuphefumla (Uvavanyo lokuphefumla/iSpirometry).
- Ukujonga inqanaba leoksijini egazini.
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuphefumla.
- Unyango olungxamisekileyo: Kwimeko apho kunzima ukuphefumla, amayeza anjenge -Albuterol , anikwa nge-inhaler okanye i-nebulizer, anokuvula ngokukhawuleza iindlela zomoya ezivalekileyo. Ioksijini okanye ii-steroids nazo zinokunikwa.
- Unyango lwexesha elide:
- Kwi-asthma okanye i-COPD: Kunikwa ii-inhalers zemihla ngemihla (ii-steroids ezifuywayo) kunye nee-inhalers ezikhulula umhlaza (ii-bronchodilators).
- Ukuba yintsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane (i-bronchitis): Kuza kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
Iindlela kunye nemithambo yokufumana isiqabu ekhaya
Ukuba ukuphefumla kwakho akukubi kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba awunangxaki yokuphefumla, ungafumana isiqabu kwezi zinto.
- Yandisa ukufuma: Sebenzisa isixhobo sokufumisa. Okanye hlamba ngamanzi ashushu, okanye uvale ucango lwegumbi lokuhlambela uze uhlambe ngamanzi ashushu uze uphefumle umphunga.
- Sela into efudumeleyo: Ukusela into efudumeleyo efana neti okanye isuphu kunokunceda ukukhulula umoya wakho kwaye kukhululeke umhluzi onamathelayo.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Zigcine kude nabantu abatshayayo.
- Ukuzilolonga ngokuphefumla: Oku kunokunceda ekuphumzeni iindlela zomoya kwaye kuphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwemiphunga.
- Ukuphefumla ngemilebe etyhalwayo: Phefumla ngempumlo yakho, faka imilebe yakho ngokungathi uphefumla umlozi, uze ukhuphe umoya ixesha eliphindwe kabini kunelo lithathiweyo ukuphefumla.
- Ukuphefumla ngesisu: Phefumla ngempumlo yakho. Beka izandla zakho esiswini sakho uze uzive isisu sakho sikhula. Xa ukhupha umoya ngomlomo wakho, thatha ixesha elide ngokuphindwe kabini ukuya kathathu kunelo ulithathileyo ukuphefumla. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukuqina kwesifuba.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba kukuphefumla nje okuncinci okuza nomkhuhlane, kuya kuphela xa ukugula kuphucukile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.
| Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso kwezonyango | |
|---|---|
| Iimeko eziqhelekileyo xa kufuneka ubone ugqirha: | |
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| Ixesha lokuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ngoko nangoko: | |
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Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuphefumla sisandi esibangelwa kukuncitshiswa kweendlela zomoya emiphungeni. Zininzi izizathu ezibangela oku .
- Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninengxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yokuphefumla okukhawulezayo, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, okanye ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Le meko ingalawulwa kakuhle ngokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo unobangela wokuphefumla nokufumana unyango olufanelekileyo.
- Musa ukulinda ide ichaphazele umgangatho wobomi bakho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto. Kukho unyango olufumanekayo namhlanje olunokukunceda uphefumle ngcono.
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