Masifunde ngqo malunga nosulelo lweentsholongwane. Ezi zinto zibalulekile nakuwe!

Ngaba wakha waneentlungu zesisu emva kokutya into ethile okanye inxeba elincinci? Mhlawumbi unomkhuhlane kwaye uzive udiniwe kancinci. Usulelo lwebhaktheriya lunokuba ngunobangela wezi zinto. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokuba zeziphi ezi ntsholongwane, indlela ezikhula ngayo, kunye nendlela esinokuzikhusela ngayo kuzo.

Yintoni usulelo lwebhaktiriya?

Ngamafutshane, usulelo lwebhaktiriya sisifo okanye imeko ebangelwa ziibhaktiriya ezingena emizimbeni yethu kwaye zikhule okanye zivelise ityhefu . Khawucinge nje, ezi bhaktiriya ziyingozi zinokuhlala eluswini lwakho, emathunjini (i-GI tract) , emiphungeni, entliziyweni, engqondweni, egazini, okanye naphi na emzimbeni wakho kwaye zibangele ukugula. Ezi bhaktiriya ziyingozi zinokungena emizimbeni yethu zivela kwindawo esikuyo, kumntu okanye kwisilwanyana esosulelekileyo, ekulunyweni sisinambuzane, okanye ngento engcolileyo (njengokutya, amanzi, okanye umphezulu). Ngamanye amaxesha, neebhaktiriya ezingasilimaziyo kwaye sele zisemizimbeni yethu zinokubangela usulelo ukuba zifika kwindawo ezingafanele zingene kuyo.

Zithini iintsholongwane? Ungacacisa kancinci?

Iibhaktheriya zizinto eziphilayo ezineseli enye ezinokuzala ngokukhawuleza. Kukho izigidi zezi bhaktheriya zisijikelezile – emhlabeni, emanzini, emakhayeni ethu, phezu kweendawo zethu zokusebenza. Ungamangaliswa kukuba kukho izigidi zeebhaktheriya ezihlala eluswini lwakho nangaphakathi emzimbeni wakho! Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke ezi bhaktheriya ezimbi kuthi. Iintlobo ezininzi zeebhaktheriya azisilimazi, kwaye ezinye zisinceda. Umzekelo, kukho iibhaktheriya ezisinceda sigaye ukutya kwaye zibulale ezinye iibhaktheriya eziyingozi ezizama ukungena emizimbeni yethu. Nangona kunjalo, kwanale bhaktheriya iluncedo inokusibangela iingxaki ukuba ikhula apho ingafanele ikhule khona.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kosulelo lwebhaktiriya nosulelo lwevayirasi?

Le yinto ebangela ukuba abantu abaninzi badideke ngayo. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini.

• Usulelo lweentsholongwane lubangelwa zizinto eziphilayo ezineseli enye. Zinokuzala ngokwazo. Zimbalwa iintlobo zeentsholongwane ezinokubangela abantu bagule. Okubalulekileyo kukuba, uninzi lwezifo zeentsholongwane lunokunyangeka ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane .
• Usulelo lwentsholongwane lubangelwa zizinto eziphilayo ezingezizo iiseli. Iintsholongwane zihlala zifuna umntu oza kuziphilisa, nokuba ngumntu okanye omnye umntu, ukuze ziphindaphindeke. Zimbalwa iindlela zonyango zosulelo lwentsholongwane.

Uyawuqonda umahluko ngoku?

Ziziphi iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zosulelo lweebhaktheriya?

Iintsholongwane zinokubangela iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo. Kuxhomekeke kwindlela ezingene ngayo iintsholongwane kuwe kunye nenxalenye yomzimba wakho ezichaphazelayo. Nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo:

• Ityhefu yokutya ( (Gastroenteritis) )
• Ezinye izifo zesikhumba, indlebe, okanye ii-sinus
• Ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ( ii-STI )
• I-pneumonia ebangelwa ziibhaktheriya
• Iintsholongwane ezininzi ze-urinary tract (UTIs)

Ungandinika eminye imizekelo?

Nazi ezinye ezimbalwa, mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngazo:

• Usulelo lweCampylobacter kunye neSalmonella – ezi ziintlobo eziqhelekileyo zokutyhefeka kokutya.
• I-Cellulitis , amathumba, kunye ne-impetigo - ezi zizifo ezenzeka eluswini.
• Isifo se -Pneumococcal – Oku kuquka usulelo lwendlebe kunye ne-sinus, kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-pneumonia.
• Isifo seLyme - Esi sisifo esithwalwa ziincukuthu.
• I-Bacterial Vaginosis – Ukwanda kakhulu kweebhaktheriya kwilungu lobufazi bakho.
• I-Chlamydia kunye neGonorrhea – Ezi zizifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu – Olu lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane olubangela umphimbo obuhlungu, oluxhaphakileyo ebantwaneni.
• C. diff – usulelo oluvela emathunjini.
• I-E. coli – intsholongwane edla ngokubangela usulelo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs) .

Ngaba usulelo lwebhaktheriya lunokuba yingozi?

Kukho usulelo oluninzi lweentsholongwane olungengolubi kangako, okanye olunokunyangeka lula ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Umzekelo, izinto ezifana ne -impetigo kunye namathumba. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye usulelo lweentsholongwane, ingakumbi ukuba zingena nzulu emzimbeni, njengegazi, intliziyo, imiphunga, okanye ingqondo, zinokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko ke ayisiyongcinga ilungileyo ukuzithatha lula.

Zisasazeka njani izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane?

Usulelo lweentsholongwane lunokusasazeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge indlela:

• Ihamba emoyeni okanye emoyeni: Iintsholongwane zinokusasazeka emoyeni ngamasuntswana othuli angcolileyo, amathontsi amanzi, okanye kwizinto ezifana ne-mucus okanye i-sputum. Isifo seLegionnaires , i-pertussis/whooping cough , isifo sephepha , isifo se -meningococcal , kunye ne -strep throat.Le yindlela izinto ezinje ezisasazeka ngayo.
• Ngokudibana: Iintsholongwane zinokusasazeka ngokudibana ngqo nolusu olusulelekileyo okanye ii-mucous membranes (ezifana nomphimbo ongaphakathi), okanye ngokuchukumisa indawo enebhaktheriya kuyo (ukudibana okungathanga ngqo). Iintsholongwane zesikhumba kunye nezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI) ezifana ne -gonorrhea kunye ne-chlamydia zisasazeka ngale ndlela.
• Izifo ezithwalwa ziintsholongwane: Izifo ezithwalwa zizinambuzane (ezifana neengcongconi, iincukuthu, kunye neentakumba) zibizwa ngokuba yi-vector-borne . Izifo ezifana ne- Rocky Mountain spotted fever , isifo se -Lyme , kunye ne -shigellosis zinokwenzeka ngale ndlela.
• Isithuthi: Oku akufani nokugulelwa yimoto. Igama elithi "isithuthi" libhekisa kwisifo esidla ngokusasazeka ngamanzi okanye ukutya okungcolisiweyo (oko kukuthi, "isithuthi" esithwala esi sifo). Iintsholongwane ezifana ne -E. coli , i-Campylobacter , kunye ne -Salmonella zinokubangela usulelo lwamathumbu ngokutya okanye ngamanzi angcolisiweyo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana olu sulelo lwebhaktiriya?

Enyanisweni, nabani na angafumana usulelo lwebhaktiriya. Sonke sihlangabezana nolosulelo ngaxa lithile ebomini bethu. Nangona kunjalo, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana usulelo ukuba unezinto ezilandelayo:

• Isifo seswekile
• Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka (umz., i-HIV/AIDS , umhlaza , unyango lomhlaza, ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa umngcipheko womzimba )
• Inxeba elivulekileyo
• Ukuba usandul' utyando

Usulelo lwebhaktheriya luyichaphazela njani imizimba yethu?

Iintsholongwane ziyawonakalisa imizimba yethu nokuba ziyanda ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokukhupha ityhefu eyonakalisa iiseli zethu. Iintsholongwane ezichaphazela kuphela umphezulu wolusu lwakho okanye iinwebu ze-mucous, ezifana nomqala wakho namathumbu, azisoloko ziyingozi kangako.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iintsholongwane zinokusasazeka emzimbeni wonke zize zibangele izifo ezisongela ubomi. Ingakumbi ukuba iintsholongwane zingena egazini, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis inokwenzeka. Le yindlela umzimba osabela ngayo xa usuleleko, nto leyo enokwenzakalisa amalungu omzimba kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ide ibangele nokufa.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zosulelo lwebhaktheriya?

Iimpawu zosulelo lweentsholongwane ziyahluka, kuxhomekeke ekubeni lukuphi emzimbeni usulelo. Uphawu oluphambili ngumkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, usulelo lolusu ludla ngokuba bomvu okanye lubangele iintlungu kunokuba lubangele umkhuhlane. Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Ifiva
• Ndiziva ndibanda, ndingcangcazela
• Ukudinwa
• Intloko ebuhlungu

Ukongeza, kuxhomekeke kwindawo eyosulelekileyo, unokubona neempawu ezifana nezi:

• Ulusu: ukubomvu, amadyungudyungu, izilonda, ulusu oludumbileyo okanye olubuhlungu.
• Indlela yokugaya : urhudo, iintlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza.
• Imiphunga: Ukukhohlela, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, i-phlegm (i-sputum) .
• I-Meningitis : Ukuqina kwentamo, isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza, ukuva ukukhanya, ukudideka.
• Ukusasazeka ukuya egazini (iSepticemia ): Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ubuthathaka, ukubila okugqithisileyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
• Intliziyo ( endocarditis ): Umkhuhlane ophezulu, iintlungu zesifuba, ukubila ebusuku, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukukhohlela, iintlungu zemisipha kunye namalungu.
• Umchamo okanye amalungu esini: Ukutsha okanye intlungu xa uchama, ukuphuma kwamanzi kwilungu lobudoda okanye kwilungu lobufazi, ukudinga ukuchama rhoqo, iintlungu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo.

Yintoni ebangela usulelo lweebhaktheriya?

Iintsholongwane zinokubangelwa ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsholongwane. Iintsholongwane zihlala zenzeka xa iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni ngomlomo, empumlweni, emehlweni, okanye ngenxeba eluswini. Ngamanye amaxesha, iintsholongwane ezihlala eluswini okanye ngaphakathi emzimbeni zinokungena kwiindawo ezingafanele zibe kuzo, njengenxeba, zize ziqale ukwanda.

Siyifumana njani intsholongwane?

Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi ziphuhlise ngazo usulelo lweebhaktheriya:

• Ngokusela ukutya okungcolileyo okanye amanzi.
• Ukutya okanye ukusela iimveliso zobisi ezingagayiwanga iintsholongwane .
• Ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics – Oku kubulala iintsholongwane ezilungileyo emzimbeni, kuvumela iintsholongwane ezimbi ukuba zikhule.
• Ngokuchukumisa iindawo ezimdaka.
• Kwabanye abantu (ngokukhwehlela, ukunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo).
• Ukufutha amanzi angcolileyo emiphungeni.
• Ngokwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo, ngasemva, okanye ngasese.
• Kusuka kumhlaba ongcolileyo (ukungcola/umhlaba).
• Ngokulunywa yikhalane, ingcongconi, okanye intakumba enesifo.
• Ngotyando okanye ngenkqubo yezonyango efana nokufakwa kwetyhubhu (ukubeka ityhubhu entanyeni).

Ngaba usulelo lweebhaktheriya luyasulela?

Ewe, usulelo oluninzi lweentsholongwane lunokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-pertussis , isifo sephepha , umphimbo obuhlungu , isifo se -meningococcal , usulelo oludluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI) olubangelwa ziintsholongwane, kunye ne -MRSA . Nangona kunjalo, usulelo olusasazeka ngokutya, iingcongconi, okanye ii-tick aluqhelekanga ukusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.

Uyixilonga njani intsholongwane? Wenza ntoni ugqirha?

Ugqirha uxilonga usulelo lwebhaktheriya ngokumamela iimpawu zakho, akuxilonge (ukumamela intliziyo yakho nemiphunga, ukuva isisu sakho, nokuhlola ulusu lwakho), aze athathe iisampuli zokuvavanya iibhaktheriya. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba unebhaktheriya emiphungeni yakho, ebuchotsheni, okanye kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi, unokuyalela iimvavanyo zomfanekiso ezifana ne -X-ray , i-ultrasound , i-MRI , okanye i-CT scan ukujonga iimpawu zosulelo.

Uvavanyo losulelo lweentsholongwane

Ugqirha wakho angathumela iisampulu zolwelo lomzimba wakho okanye izicwili kwilabhoratri ukuze abone ukuba kukho na iimpawu zosulelo (ii-antibodies okanye ii-antigens ). Ilabhoratri

• ingazama
• nokukhulisa
• iintsholongwane

kwiisampulu zakho ( inkcubeko). Nazi iintlobo zeesampulu abanokuzithatha: Ulusu okanye ezinye izicwili ezinentsholongwane I-Blood Sputum Ulwelo

olujikeleze ingqondo nomqolo (

i-CNS fluid )

Umchamo

Ukuphuma kwamehlo

Indle Iintsholo zinyangwa

njani

? Azizo zonke iintsholongwane ezifuna unyango - ezinye ziyaphola ngokwazo. Kodwa ukuba unyango luyimfuneko, oogqirha baya kusebenzisa ii-antibiotics. Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni usulelo lwakho luphi kwaye lunzima kangakanani, ii-antibiotics zinokunikwa ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Amayeza omlomo

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze

-IV (ezifakwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ezinikwa ngqo emthanjeni eofisini kagqirha okanye esibhedlele) Amaconsi

e-ointment okanye i-cream

Eye

? Ngamanye amaxesha, amanye ama-antibiotic ayayeka ukusebenza, oko kuthetha ukuba awakwazi ukubulala iintsholongwane okanye azithintele ekukhuleni kwazo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukunganyamezelani namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Yiyo loo nto oogqirha beqaphela kakhulu ukuba banika nini kwaye njani amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Bawanika kuphela ukuba bacinga ukuba baya kukunceda.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha naliphi na iyeza olinikwe, kanye njengoko limiselwe, ixesha lonke. Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza, nokuba uzive ungcono kancinci . Ukuba uyeka, usenokungazisusi zonke iintsholongwane.

Ungazikhusela njani kwiintsholongwane zebhaktiriya?

Nazi ezinye iindlela onokunciphisa ngazo umngcipheko wakho wokufumana iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo zebhaktiriya:

• Gonyelwa: Kukho imigonyo yezifo ezininzi zebhaktiriya. Umzekelo

, i-Tetanus , ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo , i-Diphtheria.Kukwakho nemithi yokugonya yeentlobo ezithile ze-meningitis ( i-Neisseria meningitides ), i-pneumonia ( i-Streptococcus pneumoniae, i-Haemophilus influenzae type b ), kunye neentsholongwane ezithwala igazi.

Ziqhelise ucoceko oluhle: Oku kuquka ukuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, ukunxiba impahla ecocekileyo neyomileyo, nokungabelani ngezinto zakho (ezifana neetawuli kunye neerazors) nabanye.

Gcina amanxeba ecocekile: Ukusikwa kunye nemikrwelo eluswini kunokungenisa iintsholongwane emzimbeni. Ngoko ke gcina amanxeba ecocekile kwaye egqunyiwe.

Ziqhelise imikhwa yokutya ekhuselekileyo: Oku kuquka ukugcina ukutya ngokufanelekileyo, ukupheka inyama kunye nentlanzi ukuya kubushushu obubulala iintsholongwane, kunye nokuhlamba okanye ukuxobula iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ngaphambi kokutya.

Sebenzisa ikhondom okanye i-dental dam ngexesha lalo naluphi na uhlobo lokwabelana ngesondo .

Zikhusele ekulunyweni zizinambuzane: Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela, sebenzisa i-bug spray, kwaye uhlole wena kunye nezilwanyana zakho ukuba azinazo iincukuthu emva kokuba ungaphandle.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ufumana usulelo lwebhaktiriya? Yintoni onokuyilindela?

Okwenzeka kuwe kuxhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo lwebhaktiriya onalo. Ngokwesiqhelo, usulelo lwebhaktiriya oluncinci lunokunyangeka ekhaya ngamayeza asekhaya. Kodwa ezinye zinokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunye nomonakalo wexesha elide. Usulelo lweentsholongwane kwisitho okanye kumjelo wegazi lunokuba yingozi ebomini.

Ziziphi iingxaki zosulelo lweentsholongwane?

Usulelo lweentsholongwane emzimbeni lunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. Eyona ngxaki iyingozi yi -sepsis . Le yindlela esongela ubomi kwisifo. Ingonakalisa amalungu omzimba kwaye ide ibangele ukufa. Ngoko ke kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngayo.

Usulelo lweentsholongwane luhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ukuba

unikwe

amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwisifo sentsholongwane , kuya kufuneka uwathathe iveki okanye ezimbini. Kodwa ungaziva ungcono ngaphambi koko. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha yonke imithi oyinikiweyo. Ngaphandle koko, usenokungazisusi zonke iintsholongwane, kwaye isifo sinokubuya. Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yosulelo lweentsholongwane? Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane adla ngokunyanga izifo zentsholongwane. Ngamanye amaxesha ziyaphola zodwa, okanye zinokunyangwa ngaphandle kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha kwaye ufumane eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzinyanga.

Ufanele ubonane nini nogqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo lweentsholongwane, ingakumbi ukuba zihlala iintsuku ezingaphezu kwembini okanye ezintathu, bona ugqirha.Kwakhona, ukuba unyangwa ngenxa yosulelo, kodwa iimpawu zakho aziphucuki, okanye ukuba ziya zisiba mandundu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho kwakhona.

Kunini apho kufuneka uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo oluqatha, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane okanye ufumane ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Lumka kwiimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (ukuba umkhuhlane ungaphezulu kwe-103 degrees Fahrenheit okanye i-39.4 Celsius)
• Ukudideka okanye olunye utshintsho lwengqondo
• Iimpawu ze-Meningitis ( intloko ebuhlungu , isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza) kunye nentamo eqinileyo
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Kungangcono ukuba ungabuza le mibuzo xa usiya kugqirha:

• Yintoni ebangele oku? Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki kwakhona?
• Ndingayithintela njani le nto ukuba ingasasazeki kwabanye?
• Ndingayisebenzisa njani amayeza am?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile?
• Ndingakubona nini kwakhona?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukulawula iimpawu zam ekhaya?

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane namhlanje. Khumbula, iintsholongwane zikho kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye uninzi lwazo ziyasinceda. Kodwa, ukuba zikwiindawo ezingafanele ukuba zibe kuzo, zinokubangela ingozi enkulu.

Usulelo lweentsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba yingxaki nje encinci, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko ke, kusoloko kububulumko ukubonana nogqirha uze ufunde indlela engcono yokulawula le meko.

Enye into, ukuba ugqirha unika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, qiniseka ukuba uthatha yonke imithi kagqirha, kangangexesha elimiselweyo. Musa ukuyeka phakathi. Singazikhusela nakwiintsholongwane ezinjalo ngokubanzi ngokwenza ucoceko oluhle, ukugonywa, kunye nokutya ngendlela ekhuselekileyo. Lumka! Iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, izifo, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, iimpawu, impilo, iingcebiso zonyango