Mhlawumbi ukhe weva umntu esithi, "Masenze uvavanyo lwegazi" xa usiya kugqirha. Ngamanye amaxesha kungenxa yokuhlolwa rhoqo, ngamanye amaxesha kungenxa yemeko yempilo. Ngoko ke yintoni uvavanyo lwegazi? Kutheni lubaluleke kangaka? Abantu abaninzi bayoyika kwaye bayaxhalaba ngayo. Kodwa eneneni yinto ebaluleke kakhulu enceda ugqirha ukuba afumanise ukuba kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni wakho. Masithethe ngayo ngokulula nangokucacileyo.
Kutheni kufuneka senze uvavanyo lwegazi?
Igazi elisemzimbeni wakho lifana nendawo yokugcina ulwazi. Linokukuxelela okuninzi ngempilo yakho. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha angakucela ukuba uhlolwe igazi.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwesiqhelo: Ngexesha lokuhlolwa rhoqo, njengokuhlolwa kwakho konyaka, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ilungile. Oku kunokukunika umbono ngokubanzi weeseli egazini lakho, iswekile, nezinye izinto ezininzi.
- Uvavanyo Lokuhlola: Ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezithile, ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sentliziyo, uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba loo mngcipheko ukhona na ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu.
- Xa uziva ugula: Ukuba uneempawu zesifo (umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, ukudinwa), uvavanyo lwegazi lunokunceda ekufumaneni unobangela ochanekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo uneempawu, uvavanyo lwegazi lokujonga amanqanaba eehomoni lunokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Jonga ukuba unyango luyasebenza na: Ukuba usebenzisa amayeza esigulo esithile, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ngamanye amaxesha ukuze abone ukuba amayeza asebenza kakuhle na kwaye ukuba isigulo siya siphucuka.
- Funda ngeemeko zofuzo: Ezinye izifo zinokubangelwa lutshintsho lwemfuza oludluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Kwezi meko, kuya kuthathwa isampuli yegazi ukuze kubonwe ukuba unayo na imeko yofuzo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa ntoni ngokwenene?
Ngamafutshane, uvavanyo lwegazi lukunika umbono wento eyenzekayo emzimbeni wakho. Kufana nokuthatha umfanekiso wento eyenzekayo emzimbeni wakho ngelo xesha. Kodwa khumbula, iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi aziyonto yokuxilonga. Ziimpawu ezibalulekileyo ezinceda ugqirha wakho afumane unobangela wesifo sakho. Ukuba ixabiso kwingxelo yakho liphezulu okanye liphantsi kunesiqhelo akuthethi ukuba unesifo esinzulu.
Ngovavanyo lwegazi, ugqirha uza kugxila kakhulu kwizinto ezifana nezi:
- Indlela igazi lakho elisebenza kakuhle ngayo: Umzekelo, iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi zizo ezithwala ioksijini emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa ukuba inani leeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi liphantsi, isenokuba yi-anemia.
- Amanqanaba e-Enzyme kunye ne-Electrolyte:Ii-enzyme ziiproteni ezikhawulezisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali emizimbeni yethu. Ii-electrolyte ziiminerali ezifana ne-sodium kunye ne-potassium. Utshintsho kumanqanaba azo lunokusinika umbono wendlela amalungu anjengezintso nesibindi asebenza ngayo.
Ziziphi iimvavanyo zegazi eziphambili ezidla ngokwenziwa?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zovavanyo lwegazi. Ezinye zazo zijonga izinto ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Ezinye zijonga into enye kuphela. Makhe sijonge ezinye zeemvavanyo esizenzayo rhoqo.
Inani elipheleleyo legazi (i-CBC)
Olu lolona vavanyo lwegazi luxhaphakileyo. Abanye abantu balubiza ngokuba yi-'Full Blood Count'. Ijonga ikakhulu oku:
- Inani kunye nesimo seeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi (ii-RBC) , iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-WBC) , kunye neeplatelets .
- Inqanaba le-hemoglobin . Oku kudla ngokusetyenziswa ukufumanisa ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kwegazi emzimbeni (i-anemia).
- Ulwazi malunga nobukhulu kunye nokuma kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
Uvavanyo lwe-CBC lunokukunika umbono wezinto ezininzi eziqhelekileyo, njengokuba unesifo okanye une-anemia.
Iiphaneli zeMetabolic
Oku kujonga iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo egazini lakho. Kungakuxelela malunga nokusebenza kwamalungu omzimba afana nezintso nesibindi kunye nokulinganisela emzimbeni wakho. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zale nto:
1. I-Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP): Ibandakanya iimvavanyo ezisisiseko.
2. Iphaneli yeMetabolic ePheleleyo (i-CMP): Ibandakanya iimvavanyo ezininzi kune-BMP.
Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezinye zezinto ezijongwa zezi mvavanyo.
| Igama lovavanyo | Yintoni ehlolayo? |
|---|---|
| Iswekile | Inqanaba leswekile egazini. Ukufumanisa isifo seswekile. |
| I-calcium | Iminerali ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwamathambo, intliziyo kunye nemithambo-luvo. |
| I-BUN kunye ne-Creatinine | Jonga ukusebenza kwezintso nokuba zihluza inkunkuma ngendlela eyiyo na. |
| I-Sodium, i-Potassium, i-Chloride (ii-Electrolytes) | Ukugcina ibhalansi yolwelo kunye ne-acid-base emzimbeni. |
| I-ALT, i-AST, i-ALP | Ezi zii-enzymes zesibindi. Amanqanaba azo asixelela ngempilo yesibindi. |
| I-Bilirubin | Into eveliswa sisibindi. Ukwanda koku kunokubonisa ingxaki yesibindi okanye inyongo. |
Iindidi zovavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa izifo ezithile
Ukongeza kwiimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kwesifo esithile, kwenziwa novavanyo oluthile olunxulumene neso sifo.
Ngomhlaza
Ukuba urhanelwa ukuba unomhlaza okanye ngexesha lonyango, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo olukhethekileyo.
- Iimpawu zeTumor: Ezi zizinto eziveliswa ziiseli zomhlaza okanye ziiseli eziqhelekileyo emzimbeni ngenxa yomhlaza. Imizekelo:
- I-PSA: Yomhlaza weprostate.
- I-CA-125: Yomhlaza wesibeleko.
- I-CEA: Kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi le-Fecal Occult (FOBT): Oku kwenziwa ukuba kukho umhlaza wamathumbu okrokrelwayo.
- Uvavanyo lomchamo: Ukujonga iiseli zegazi kumchamo.
Kwisifo sentliziyo
Kukho uvavanyo lwegazi oluthile olunokusetyenziswa ukujonga isifo sentliziyo okanye iimeko zentliziyo. Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-cardiac markers .
Iingxaki zeNkqubo ye-Endocrine
Esi sisifo esibangelwa zii-hormone.
- Iglucose Egazini kunye ne-A1C: Ukuchonga nokulawula isifo seswekile.
- Uvavanyo lwehomoni ye-thyroid (TSH): Luhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kovavanyo lwegazi?
Oku kuya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuvavanyo olwenzileyo, ngoko soloko ucela ingcebiso kugqirha wakho okanye kwilebhu.
- Ukuzila Ukutya: Kwiimvavanyo ezithile, ezinje ngokuzila ukutya iswekile yegazi kunye neprofayili yamafutha emzimbeni, ungacelwa ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezisi-8-12. Ngokuqhelekileyo kulungile ukusela amanzi amancinci. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba ubuza ngale nto.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Ukuba uvavanyo alufuni ukuba uzile ukutya, sela amanzi amaninzi ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula ukufumana umthambo.
- Faka i-moisturizer: Ukuba ulusu lwezandla zakho lomile, ukusebenzisa i-moisturizer ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenza kube lula ukufaka inaliti.
- Ukuzilolonga okulula: Ukwenza into efana nokuhambahamba ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi kunokunyusa ukujikeleza kwegazi kwaye kwenze kube lula ukufumana umthambo.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa kutsalwa igazi?
Kukho umntu oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukutsala igazi, babizwa ngokuba yi-"Phlebotomists". Le nkqubo yenzeka ngolu hlobo:
1. Uza kuhlaliswa esitulweni uze ucelwe ukuba ubeke itafile phezu kwaso ukuze ukwazi ukolula iingalo zakho.
2. Ukuba unxibe ihempe enemikhono emide, uza kucelwa ukuba uphakamise iingalo zakho ngaphezu kwengqiniba yakho.
3. Indawo apho igazi liza kutsalwa khona iza kucocwa nge-antiseptic, kwaye i-elastic band (i-tourniquet) iza kuthambisa ingalo engasentla. Ungacelwa ukuba ucinezele ingalo ukuze imithambo ibonakale ngcono.
4. Emva koko, ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, kufakwa inaliti encinci emthanjeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Venipuncture". Usenokuziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci.
5. Qokelela inani elifunekayo legazi kwiityhubhu eziqhotyoshelwe kwi-lancet. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo, kunokufuneka iityhubhu ezingaphezu kwesinye.
6. Nje ukuba igazi litsalwe, i-elastic band iyasuswa, inaliti ikhutshwe, iqhekeza lekotoni libekwe kuloo ndawo, kwaye kufakwa iplasta.
Uyoyika ukutsalwa igazi? Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza
Kuqhelekile ukuba abantu abaninzi bazive bexhalabile okanye bexhalabile xa besiva ngokunikela ngegazi. Ukuba kunjalo kuwe, zama ezi zinto:
- Qonda isizathu: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kutheni olu vavanyo lwenziwa kwaye luza kujonge ntoni. Oku kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni uloyiko lwakho.
- Phefumla nzulu: Xa ufaka inaliti, phefumlela kancinci kwaye ukhuphe umoya.
- Jonga kwelinye icala: Ukuba uyoyika ukujonga iva, jonga kwelinye icala.
- Ziphazamise: Yenza into efana nokubala ngengqondo ukuya kwi-10 okanye ukukhumbula ingoma oyithandayo.
Emva kovavanyo... masixelele ngengxelo.
Emva kokuba igazi litsaliwe, yishiye ibhandeji iiyure ezimbalwa. Ixesha elithathayo ukuze iziphumo zibuye liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuvavanyo. Ezinye iimvavanyo zithatha iiyure ezimbalwa ukufumana iziphumo, ngelixa ezinye, ezifana novavanyo lwemfuza, zinokuthatha iintsuku.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungoyiki ukuziphindezela ukuba ugqirha uthi ufuna ukukufowunela aze athethe ngengxelo.Akusoloko kuthetha into embi. Mhlawumbi uchaze iziphumo eziqhelekileyo, okanye uthethe ngeendlela zokuphucula impilo yakho.
Musa ukutsiba ugqibe ngokusekwe kwingxelo yovavanyo lwegazi. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo amaxabiso aze awachaze ngokunxulumene nemeko yakho yempilo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwegazi sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu nesiqhelekileyo esisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuze bafunde ngempilo yakho.
- Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi zingaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo akuthethi ukuba sisifo esibi kakhulu. Yinxalenye enye nje yomfanekiso wonke.
- Ukuba ufumana imiyalelo, efana nokuzila ukutya ngaphambi kovavanyo, yilandele ngokuchanekileyo.
- Musa ukoyika ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo nantoni na ongayiqondiyo, nokuba imalunga novavanyo okanye iziphumo.
- Ungaze utolike ingxelo yegazi wedwa. Soloko uxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho.
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