Ngaba ugqirha wakho ukufumanise ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unesifo somhlaza webele? Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ukhe weva igama elithi 'chemotherapy'. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile xa usiva oku. Kodwa ukuba sinolwazi olufanelekileyo malunga nolu nyango , olo loyiko lunokuncipha kakhulu. Ngoko ke, enye yezona ntlobo zibalulekileyo zamayeza asetyenziswa kunyango lwe-chemo ibizwa ngokuba yi -anthracyclines . Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Ngamafutshane, ii-anthracyclines luhlobo lwe-antibiotic enceda ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Kodwa azifani nee-antibiotics esizisebenzisayo xa sinomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane. Ziveliswa luhlobo lwe-fungus ebizwa ngokuba yiStreptomyces, ehlala emhlabeni.
Cinga ngeseli yomhlaza njengomatshini wokufotokopa owenza iikopi ngaphandle kokulawula. Lo matshini uhlala esenza amawaka eekopi zawo. Le yindlela iithumba ezikhula ngayo nezikhula ngayo. Oko kwenziwa zii-anthracyclines kukuba zincamathisela kwi-'master copy' ye-DNA kuloo matshini wokukopisha. Emva koko azikwazi ukwenza iikopi ezintsha. Oko kuthetha ukuba amandla eeseli zomhlaza okwahlukana nokukhula ngokukhawuleza ayamiswa ngokupheleleyo.
Eli yeza lidla ngokunikwa njengenaliti okanye njengesisombululo setyuwa emthanjeni (efakwa emthanjeni okanye kwi-IV). Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba uza kuthatha amayeza angakanani kwaye uza kuqhubeka ixesha elingakanani nonyango ngokusekwe kwinqanaba kunye nemeko yomhlaza wakho.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, xa umhlaza webele usekwinqanaba lokuqala, kwenziwa utyando lokususa ithumba. Emva koko, kunikwa i-chemotherapy ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezincinci kakhulu, ezingabonakaliyo ezisenokuba zisasele emzimbeni. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi- "Adjuvant Chemotherapy" . Oku kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba umhlaza uphinde ubuye. Ii-Anthracyclines zezinye zezona ntlobo ziphambili zamayeza asetyenziswa kwi-"Adjuvant Chemotherapy".
Isebenza kangakanani i-anthracyclines?
Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba iindlela zonyango lwe-chemotherapy ezine-anthracyclines ziphumelela kancinci kuneendlela ezingenazo.
Kolunye uphando olukhulu, abafazi abangaphezu kwama-4,000 abanomhlaza webele okwinqanaba lokuqala, ababesengozini enkulu yokuphinda bahlaselwe, bahlulwahlulwa baba ngamaqela amabini baza banikwa unyango olubini.
1. Udidi lwe-Anthracycline (i-TaxAC):Aba bantu banikwa amanye amayeza e-chemotherapy ukongeza kwi-anthracyclines.
2. Iqela elingenayo i-anthracycline (TC): Aba bantu banikwe indibaniselwano eyahlukileyo yamayeza e-chemotherapy awayengenayo i-anthracycline.
Emva kokubukela omabini la maqela kangangeminyaka emi-3, abaphandi bajonge ukuba baphila ixesha elingakanani besempilweni ngaphandle kokuba umhlaza uphinde ubuye. Iziphumo bezimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Kwiqela le-anthracycline (TaxAC), ama-92.4% omhlaza awuzange uphinde uvele.
- Kwiqela le-non-anthracycline (TC), ama-91.7% omhlaza awuzange uphinde uvele.
Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba, nangona umahluko ungekho mkhulu, unyango olune-anthracycline lusenokunciphisa kancinci umngcipheko wokuphinda umhlaza.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zale ndlela yonyango?
Ewe, njengalo naluphi na unyango lwe-chemotherapy, i-anthracyclines inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo, kwaye uninzi lwazo lunokulawulwa. Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukukunika iingcebiso ngale miphumo.
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo esibi | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo Ezimbi Ezincinci Ukuya Kuphakathi | |
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | Ukugabha kunye nokucaphuka, ukubanda kunye nomkhuhlane, urhudo, iintlungu zesisu, iintlungu zomzimba, ukudinwa. |
| Ulusu kunye neenzipho | Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukutshintsha kombala weenzipho, ukutshintsha kombala wesikhumba. |
| Ezinye iziphumo | Ukutshintsha kombala womchamo (ubomvu), i-anorexia, ukungakwazi ukubona ukukhanya, ukuyeka ukuya exesheni, kunye nokuncipha kwenani lamadlozi kumadoda. |
| Inxulumene negazi | Ukopha, ukuncipha kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (okwandisa umngcipheko wosulelo), kunye nokuxinana komongo wethambo. |
Qaphela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu
Isiphumo esiphambili nesinzima sala mayeza kukubeka emngciphekweni wokonakala kwentliziyo. Xa la mayeza esetyenziswa ixesha elide, kukho umngcipheko weemeko ezifana nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, okunokwenza buthathaka izihlunu zentliziyo. Kwakhona, ezinye ii-anthracyclines zinomngcipheko omncinci wokufumana olunye uhlobo lomhlaza, olufana ne-leukemia, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga.
Ngenxa yezi ngozi, ugqirha wakho wezifo zomhlaza kunye nogqirha wentliziyo baza kusebenzisana ukujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho kulo lonke unyango lwakho ukunciphisa nawuphi na umonakalo onokubakho. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika oku.
Ngaba ezi zilungele ngakumbi iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza webele?
Ewe. Ayizizo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza wamabele ezifanayo. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha unyango olulungele wena. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi:
- Inqanaba lomhlaza
- Ingaba umhlaza ubuthathaka kwiihomoni (imeko ye-hormone-receptor)
- Imeko yomhlaza ye-HER2
- Ingaba umhlaza usasazeke kwi-lymph nodes
- Ubudala bakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke
Umzekelo, ukuba umntu ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60, unesifo segazi esiphezulu, kwaye unembali yesifo sentliziyo, ugqirha unokuthi acebise unyango olungabandakanyi i-anthracyclines.
Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abaneentlobo zomhlaza ezihlaselayo, ezifana ne -triple-negative, kunye nabo banomhlaza osasazeke kwi-lymph nodes baxhamla kakhulu kunyango olune-anthracycline.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umhlaza uyayeka ukuxhathisa i-anthracyclines?
Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuhamba kwexesha, iiseli zomhlaza zinokuba nokumelana nala mayeza, oko kuthetha ukuba la mayeza awasebenzi. Ungakhathazeki ukuba oku kuyenzeka. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kukho amayeza amaninzi kunye nonyango olunokusetyenziswa ngugqirha wakho.
Eminye imizekelo yile:
- I-Capecitabine (i-Xeloda)
- I-Eribulin (iHalaven)
- I-Gemcitabine (iGemzar)
- I-Vinorelbine (iNavelbine)
- Amayeza anamhlanje afana ne-antibody drug conjugates
Kukwakho nonyango oluphambili olufumanekayo, olufana nonyango lwamayeza olujoliswe kulo kunye nonyango lwe-immunotherapy. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala unxibelelana rhoqo neqela lakho lezonyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-Anthracyclines ziluhlobo olunamandla kakhulu nolusebenzayo lwamayeza e-chemotherapy asetyenziselwa umhlaza webele.
- Umsebenzi wazo oyintloko kukuchaphazela i-DNA yeeseli zomhlaza, uzithintele ekuzahluleni nasekukhuleni kwazo.
- Njengazo zonke iziyobisi, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ingakumbi ngenxa yeziphumo ezinokubakho entliziyweni, kubalulekile ukufumana unyango phantsi kweliso elibukhali likagqirha.
- Isigqibo sokuba uza kunikwa i-anthracyclines okanye hayi siza kwenziwa emva kokuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, ezifana nohlobo lomhlaza wakho kunye nemeko yakho yempilo.
- Ungaze woyike ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nonyango lwakho, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, okanye nayiphi na imibuzo, uloyiko, okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Ukwazi ngokufanelekileyo sesona sixhobo silungileyo sokuphumelela kweli dabi.
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