Xa sisiva igama elithi umhlaza webele, uninzi lwethu luziva lusoyika kancinci. Ingakumbi ukuba umama wakho, udadewenu, okanye umtshana wakho ukhe waba nesi sifo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba noloyiko lokuba "Owu, ndiza kusifumana na?". Ngoko ke kukho uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwemfuza olunokufumanisa ukuba kukho umngcipheko wofuzo womhlaza onje. Yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje. Kodwa ngaba le yinto efunekayo kuwo wonke umntu? Masiyiqonde ngokucacileyo nangokulula.
Ngaba yonke i-cancer yebele ifuzwa ngenene?
Okokuqala, masiyisuse le ngcamango iphosakeleyo. Uninzi lomhlaza wamabele aluzuzisi. Enyanisweni, uninzi lomhlaza wamabele olufunyaniswe lubangelwa lutshintsho (utshintsho) kwiijini zeeseli zomzimba wethu njengoko sikhula. Ngamafutshane, xa iiseli zomzimba wethu zahlukana, ngamanye amaxesha iimpazamo ezincinci ziyenzeka. Ezi mpazamo zinokukhula njengoko sikhula. Yiyo loo nto ibangela uninzi lomhlaza.
Nangona kunjalo, kwipesenti encinci kakhulu, phakathi kwabasetyhini aba-5 kunye naba-10 kwabasetyhini abali-100 abafumana umhlaza webele , unobangela walo mhlaza yijini engalunganga efunyanwa njengelifa. Ngamanye amazwi, umngcipheko walo mhlaza kusapho lwabo udluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuba akukho mntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nomhlaza webele akuthethi ukuba awuyi kuwufumana. Kwaye ukuba nje umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waba nawo akuthethi ukuba nawe uza kuwufumana ngokuqinisekileyo.
Zithini ezi genes zibizwa ngokuba yi-BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2?
Xa sithetha ngomhlaza webele ozuzwe njengelifa, amagama amabini esiwava rhoqo yi -BRCA1 (Braca One) kunye ne-BRCA2 (Braca Two) . Ezi ziijini eziqhelekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukulungisa iiseli xa zonakele kwaye zilawule ukwakheka kweeseli zomhlaza. Kufana nokuzikhusela komzimba.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho isiphene, okanye utshintsho, kwezi gene ze-BRCA. Ukuba i-gene enesiphene enjalo ifunyanwa njengelifa kwisizukulwana ukuya kwesinye, loo mkhuseli akasebenzi kakuhle. Kulapho ke umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza webele kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko ukhula kakhulu.
Ycinge,
- Ngokomndilili, umngcipheko wobomi bonke bomfazi wokuba nomhlaza webele umalunga ne-13%.
- Kodwa kumntu one-BRCA1 gene change, le ngozi iyanda iye phakathi kwe-55% kunye ne-85% .
- Umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesibeleko nawo uyanda kakhulu.
- Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba le mihlaza inxulumene ne-BRCA inokwenzeka xa umntu esemncinci kunesiqhelo .
Abantu abafana nomdlali weqonga odumileyo kwihlabathi liphela u-Angelina Jolie, emva kokuba befunyaniswe benale nguqu yezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA, batyandwa ukuze kususwe amabele kunye nama-ovari abo ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza uvele ngenxa yaloo mngcipheko mkhulu.
Ngoko ke ngubani omele acinge ngolu vavanyo?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Impendulo yile, ayinguye wonke umntu omele avavanywe. Ukuba awunayo imbali yomhlaza kwintsapho yakho, amathuba okuba ube nolu tshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo lwe-BRCA aphantsi kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo kwimbali yosapho lwakho , kufanelekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nolu vavanyo.
| Imbali yosapho eyandisa umngcipheko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuba nesalamane esikwinqanaba lokuqala esinomhlaza webele | Ukuba umama wakho, udadewenu, okanye intombi yakho ikhe yaba nomhlaza webele, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwiminyaka engama-50 ubudala . |
| Abantu abaninzi kwicala elinye losapho baye baba nomhlaza webele | Umzekelo, ukuba abantu abaliqela kwicala likamama wakho, njengomakhulu wakho, umama, kunye nomakazi wakho, baye baba nomhlaza. |
| Ukuba nelungu losapho elinomhlaza wesibeleko | Umhlaza wesibeleko awuqhelekanga kangako kunomhlaza webele, ngoko ke ukuba nembali yosapho yesi sifo kuyingozi enkulu. |
| Ilungu losapho eliyindoda linomhlaza webele | Oku nako kunqabile kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba indoda kusapho lwakhe ibe nomhlaza webele, oko kuthathwa njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo enokubangela umhlaza. |
Yintoni omele uyenze ngaphambi kokuba wenze uvavanyo?
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zibalulekileyo ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ungoyiki. Into yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyenze kukubona ugqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ugqirha wezifo zabesifazane uze uxoxe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.
Ungaze uye ngqo kwilabhoratri uye kwenza uvavanyo lwemfuza olufana nolu, kuba iziphumo zolu vavanyo zinokuchaphazela ubomi bakho kunye nosapho lwakho lonke.
Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga imbali yosapho lwakho aze agqibe kwelokuba uyaludinga na olu vavanyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, angakuthumela kwingcebiso yemfuza . Apho, ingcali iya kuchaza yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga novavanyo, oko kuthethwa ziziphumo, kunye namanyathelo ekufuneka uwathathe ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo.
Ezinye iimvavanyo ezilinganisa umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza
Ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-BRCA, kukho ezinye iimvavanyo zemfuza ezinokunceda umntu osele enomhlaza webele (inqanaba loku-1 okanye lesi-2) kwaye ofumana unyango ukuze afumanise umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza kunye nokuba kufuneka i-chemotherapy engakanani. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- I-Oncotype DX: Uvavanyo olusetyenziswa kakhulu oluhlalutya ii-genes ezingama-21 ukuze kubonelelwe ngamanqaku omngcipheko wokuphinda kubekho umhlaza.
- I-Mammostrat: Ihlalutya ii-genes ezi-5 ize ihlele umngcipheko njengophantsi, ophakathi, okanye ophezulu.
- I-MammaPrint: Ihlalutya ii-genes ezingama-70 ize izibeke kwiintlobo ezinobungozi obuphantsi okanye obuphezulu.
Izigqibo malunga nezi mvavanyo zenziwa ngugqirha womhlaza okunyangayo. Ngoko ke ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, ungambuza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uninzi lwemihlaza yamabele ayizuzisi . Inokubangelwa lutshintsho kwiijini zethu njengoko sikhula.
- Uvavanyo lwemfuza lwe-BRCA alufanele lwenziwe ngumntu wonke. Lucetyiswa kuphela kwabo banembali yomhlaza kusapho lwabo.
- Ukuba isalamane esisondeleyo, njengomama okanye udadewenu, sikhe saba nomhlaza webele ngaphambi kokuba sifikelele kwiminyaka engama-50, okanye ukuba unembali yosapho lwakho yomhlaza wesibeleko okanye umhlaza webele wamadoda, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Ungaze uthathe isigqibo sokuvavanya i-genetic ngokwakho. Soloko uxoxa nogqirha wakho kuqala.
- Khumbula ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwemfuza zisisikhokelo nje sokuqonda umngcipheko wakho. Asikuko ukuqikelela okuchanekileyo ngokupheleleyo.
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