Kunzima ukuchaza uloyiko kunye nokothuka okuzivayo xa ufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza webele. Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho, efana nokuthi 'Ndenze ntoni ngoku?', 'Ndiza kunikwa luphi uhlobo lonyango?', 'Ngaba olu lunyango olufanelekileyo?' Kodwa ungoyiki. Namhlanje, isayensi ihambele phambili kakhulu, kwaye kukwakho nonyango olusebenzayo noluphucukileyo lomhlaza webele. Kukho ukhetho oluninzi ngoku kunangaphambili. Ngoko masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngolwimi onokuluqonda.
Kukho iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili zonyango.
Kukho iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili zalo naluphi na unyango olufumanayo.
1. Ukususa ngokupheleleyo iiseli zomhlaza ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka emzimbeni wakho.
2. Ukuthintela ukuphinda kwesi sifo.
Kukufezekisa ezi njongo zimbini apho oogqirha bakwenzela khona isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo.
Ulukhetha njani unyango olukufaneleyo?
"Loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo kum?" Lo mhlawumbi ngumbuzo omkhulu engqondweni yakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba akucebise unyango.
- Uhlobo lomhlaza webele onalo: Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza webele.
- Ubungakanani kunye nokusasazeka komhlaza: Oku kubhekisa kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Oku kubhekisa ekubeni usasazeke kangakanani emzimbeni.
- Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zethumba: Iiseli zakho zomhlaza zijongwa ukuba azifumani 'ii-receptors' eziphendula kwiihomoni 'iproteni yeHER2', i-estrogen, kunye neprogesterone. Ezi zifana 'nokutya' ukuze iiseli zomhlaza zikhule.
- Iikhonkco zemfuza: Eminye imiphunga yebele inxulunyaniswa notshintsho lwemfuza oludluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
- Izinto zakho zobuqu: Ubudala bakho, nokuba ukhe wafikelela kwixesha lokuya exesheni, ezinye iimeko zempilo onazo (umz. isifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo), kunye nezinto ozikhethayo nazo zibaluleke kakhulu kwesi sigqibo.
Khumbula, esi sigqibo asithathwa ngugqirha yedwa. Sisigqibo ekufanele nisixoxe kunye nogqirha wakho.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lomhlaza webele?
Iindlela zonyango zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili. Ezinye iindlela zonyango zijolise kuphela kwindawo yomhlaza, ngelixa ezinye zichaphazela umzimba wonke.
Unyango lwasekuhlaleni: Ezo zijolise kuphela apho umhlaza ukhoyo.
Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa okanye ukususa iiseli zomhlaza emabeleni nakwizicubu ezingqongileyo.
- Utyando: Kwabaninzi, unyango lokuqala lutyando lokususa ithumba elinomhlaza. Ngamanye amaxesha i-chemotherapy inikwa ngaphambi kotyando lokunciphisa ithumba.
- Utyando lwe-Lumpectomy: Oku kuquka ukususa kuphela inxalenye yebele equlethe umhlaza. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba lutyando lokugcina amabele.
- Ukususwa kwebele: Oku kuquka ukususwa kwebele lonke. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zazo zombini.
- Unyango lweMisebe: Oku kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Abantu abaninzi abaye banqunyulwa i-lumpectomy nabo bafumana olu nyango. Lusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezincinci kakhulu ezazingenakususwa ngexesha lotyando.
Unyango lweNkqubo: Ezo zichaphazela umzimba wonke
Olu nyango lutshabalalisa okanye lulawula iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni wonke.
- I-Chemotherapy: Oku kuquka ukunika amayeza anamandla abulala iiseli zomhlaza. La anikwa njengeepilisi okanye nge-IV. Olu nyango ludla ngokunikezelwa ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokushiyeka emva kotyando. Nangona olu nyango, olwaziwa kakhulu ngokuba yi-"Chemo," lusebenza kakuhle kwiiseli zomhlaza, lunokulimaza neeseli ezisempilweni emzimbeni wethu. Esi sesona sizathu siphambili seziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
- Unyango lweeHormone: Eminye i-cancer ixhomekeke kwiihomoni, ingakumbi i-estrogen, ukuze ikhule. Olu nyango lusebenza ngokuthintela ihomoni ukuba ingafikeleli kwiiseli zomhlaza. Amayeza asetyenziswa koku aquka i-tamoxifen kunye ne-aromatase inhibitors.
- Unyango Olujoliswe Kulo: Le yindlela ephucukileyo kakhulu. La mayeza afana neemijukujelwa 'ezikrelekrele'. Ahlasela kuphela iithagethi ezithile kwiiseli zomhlaza, ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiiseli eziphilileyo. Amayeza afana ne-`(Trastuzumab)` asetyenziselwa umhlaza oneproteni eninzi ye-`(HER2)`. Kukwakho nezinye iindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo ezifana ne-`(PARP inhibitors)` kunye ne-`(Kinase inhibitors)`.
- Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Le yindlela yanamhlanje kakhulu. Ngamafutshane, ivuselela amajoni omzimba wakho ukuba ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza. I-Pembrolizumab ngumzekelo weyeza elinjalo.
Isicwangciso sakho sonyango sinokuba yindibaniselwano yezi ndlela. Umzekelo, kukho amaxesha apho utyando, unyango lwemitha, kunye ne-chemotherapy zisetyenziswa kunye.
Masifunde nangemiphumo emibi yonyango.
Unyango lomhlaza webele lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Uninzi lwazo ziyaphela xa unyango luyekiswa. Ezinye zinokuvela kamva. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto kwangethuba.
| Imiphumela | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Kuqhelekile ukubonwa ngonyango lwe-chemo, kodwa ngoku kukho amayeza afanelekileyo okukulawula. |
| Ukulahleka kweenwele | Iinwele, iinkophe, kwanamashiya anokuwa ngexesha lonyango lwe-chemo, kodwa ayakhula kwakhona emva kokuba unyango luphelile. |
| Ukudinwa | Usenokuziva udiniwe kakhulu, nokuba ulele. |
| Ukudumba kwengalo (iLymphedema) | Ingalo esecaleni apho i-splint isusiwe khona ingadumba. Oku kufanele kuthathelwe ingqalelo. |
| Iimpawu zokuya exesheni | Izinto ezifana nobushushu obukhawulezileyo kunye nokungalali zinokwenzeka. |
| Utshintsho lolusu kunye nezinzipho | Ulusu lunokoma, lube bomvu, kwaye iinzipho zinokuba mnyama okanye ziqhekeke. |
| 'Ubuchopho beChemo' | Imeko yokulibala, ukungakwazi ukulungelelanisa iingcinga, njl. Oku kungokwexeshana. |
Ukungazali kunye nokuya exesheni ngenxa yonyango
Le yingongoma ebaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi kubasetyhini abancinci. Ezinye iindlela zonyango lwe-chemotherapy kunye ne-hormone zinokubangela ukungazali okwethutyana okanye okusisigxina okanye ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kwangethuba.
Ukuba unethemba lokuba nabantwana kwixesha elizayo, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango.
Kukho iindlela ezifana nokuqandisa amaqanda, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha ngale nto kwangaphambili.
Ujongana njani nemiphumo emibi ebonakalayo?
Ngenxa yokuba ezinye zenguqu ezibangelwa lunyango ziyabonakala, zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwindlela ovakalelwa ngayo. Kodwa zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze uhlangabezane nazo.
- Ukulahleka kweenwele: Kunokuba nzima ukuva xa iinwele zakho ziqala ukuhla. Kodwa ungayilungiselela. Ungazicheba iinwele zakho zibe mfutshane, unxibe izikhafu ezintle, iminqwazi, okanye usebenzise iwigi. Khumbula, oku kungokwexeshana. Iinwele zakho ziya kukhula kwakhona emva kokuba unyango luphelile.
- I-Lymphedema: Oku kukudumba kwengalo ecaleni apho kususwe khona ii-lymph nodes zakho. Lumka ungalimazi ingalo. Kuphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima okanye ukufumana inaliti kuloo ngalo. Ukuba uziva ukuba ingalo yakho iyadumba, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Utshintsho kubunzima: Abanye abantu banciphisa umzimba, abanye bayatyeba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutya ukutya okunesondlo ngeli xesha. Ukwenza umthambo omncinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka kulungele umzimba nengqondo.
- Utshintsho lolusu kunye neenzipho: Ukuba ulusu lwakho lomile, sebenzisa i-moisturizer ecetyiswe ngugqirha wakho. Nxiba i-sunscreen xa uphuma elangeni. Gcina iinzipho zakho zimfutshane kwaye zicocekile.
Impilo Yengqondo kunye neNkxaso
Ukulwa nomhlaza ngumceli mngeni omkhulu, emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Kuqhelekile ukuziva ulusizi, unomsindo, uphoxekile, kwaye usoyika. Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kunokukhokelela ekudandathekeni.
Ukuba uhlala uziva ulusizi, ungenamdla wokwenza nantoni na, unengxaki yokulala, okanye uziva ungenathemba, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye nomntu omthembileyo ngaloo nto.
Awuwedwa. Usapho lwakho, abahlobo, oogqirha, kunye nabongikazi bonke bakhona ukukunceda. Kwakhona, ukujoyina amaqela enkxaso nabanye abadlula kumava afanayo kunokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla.
Ukhathalelo oluPhathayo noluNcedisayo
- Unyango Lokuthomalalisa Umhlaza: Oku akuthethi ukuyeka unyango. Kuthetha ukunceda ukugcina umgangatho wobomi bakho ngokunciphisa iimpawu ezifana neentlungu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokudakumba ngelixa unyangwa ukuze unyangwe umhlaza.
- Amayeza Ancedisayo: Izinto ezifana neyoga, ukucamngca, kunye nokuphulula umzimba zinokunceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwakho. Kodwa khumbula, ezi azinakuthatha indawo yonyango oluqhelekileyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uhlole ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale nantoni na efana nale.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza webele awusosiphelo sobomi. Ngonyango oluphambili lwanamhlanje, unokoyiswa.
- Awukho wedwa kolu hambo. Usapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye neqela lezonyango bakunye nawe.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Mbuze yonke imibuzo yakho kunye noloyiko lwakho.
- Ungakhathazeki ngemiphumo emibi. Zikho iindlela zokulawula. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
- Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yakho yomzimba. Yinyamekele loo nto.
- Musa ukusebenzisa naluphi na unyango okanye amayeza ngokusekelwe kwinto ethethwa ngomnye umntu okanye into oyibonayo kwi-intanethi. Xoxa ngayo yonke into nogqirha wakho.
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