Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa ufumanisa ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho, mhlawumbi umama wakho, udadewenu, okanye intombi yakho, unomhlaza webele. "Ukuba bebenawo, ngaba nam ndiyawufumana?" Usenokuba uzibuza. Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi komhlaza webele kunye nejini zethu? Ewe, kukho unxibelelwano ngandlela thile. Kodwa akulula njengoko sicinga. Masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula namhlanje.
Okokuqala, masiqonde ukuba lithetha ukuthini igama elithi 'gene'.
Kulungile, oku kulula kakhulu. Khawucinge ukuba umzimba wethu sisakhiwo esikhulu. Iseli nganye kwesi sakhiwo ifana nesitena. Ngoko nganye kwezi zitena inencwadi enkulu yemiyalelo ebhalwe ngendlela yokuziphatha kunye nento ekufuneka yenziwe. Loo ncwadi yemiyalelo yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-genes . Ezi ziingceba ezincinci ezenziwe ngento ebizwa ngokuba yi-DNA.
Kukho ii-genes ezingaphezu kwama-20,000 kwiseli nganye emzimbeni wethu. Sifumana iikopi ezimbini ze-gene nganye, enye evela kumama wethu kunye nenye evela kubaba wethu. Ngoko ke ezi genes azilawuli nje kuphela izinto ezifana nombala wolusu lwethu kunye nokwakheka kweenwele zethu, kodwa kunye nendlela iiseli zethu ezikhula kwaye zisebenza ngayo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, utshintsho oluncinci kunye neempazamo zinokwenzeka kwezi jini. Ezi nguqu sizibiza ngokuba ziinguqu . Khawucinge, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unobumba omnye kwiphepha elinye laloo ncwadi yemiyalelo akachanekanga? Yonke imiyalelo iyatshintsha, akunjalo? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo xa utshintsho lwenzeka kwijini. Lunokutshintsha ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweeseli.
Zeziphi ii-gene eziphambili ezinxulumene nomhlaza webele?
Nangona kukho ii-genes ezininzi ezinxulumene nomhlaza webele, ezimbini zezona zibalulekileyo nezithethwayo ngazo zii-genes ze-BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2 .
Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi jini zimbini ze-BRCA zibaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wazo kukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabikho. Zifana nabagcini beeseli zethu. Xa iiseli zizama ukukhula ngendlela engalawulekiyo, iiproteni ezenziwe zezi jini ziyaphuma zize ziyimise.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana ilifa le-BRCA1 okanye i-BRCA2 gene eguquliweyo evela kumama okanye kutata wakho, isiphumo sokukhusela siyancitshiswa. Oku kwandisa amathuba okuba ezo seli zingaqhelekanga zikhule zingalawuleki kwaye zibe ngumhlaza, okanye umngcipheko. Malunga ne-20% ukuya kwi-25% yomhlaza wamabele ofuzo ubangelwa kukuguquka kwezi jini ze-BRCA .
Iinyani eziphakamisa amathandabuzo malunga nokuba oku kuyingozi yemfuza
Ayingabo bonke abantu abanomhlaza webele abanale ngxaki yemfuza. Kodwa kukho izinto ezithile ezinokukunika umbono omncinci. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo ezisebenza kuwe, usenokuba notshintsho lwemfuza olunxulumene nomhlaza webele. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
| Into Engumngcipheko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuchonga umhlaza webele ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-45 ubudala . | Ukwenzeka komhlaza ebuntwaneni kunokuba luphawu lwempembelelo yemfuza. |
| Amalungu amaninzi osapho akhe aba nomhlaza webele okanye wesibeleko. | Ukuba abantu abaninzi, njengomama wakho, udadewenu, umakazi, umakhulu, babenazo ezi zifo. |
| Ufunyenwe unomhlaza wesibeleko . | Utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA lukwanyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesibeleko. |
| Ilungu losapho eliyindoda linomhlaza webele okanye likhe lawufumana. | Ngenxa yokuba umhlaza webele unqabile kumadoda, luphawu oluqinileyo lonxibelelwano lwemfuza. |
| Ukuxilongwa komhlaza kumabele omabini (Umhlaza Webele Wecala Elibini). | Umhlaza ukhula kwelinye ibele, uze umhlaza ukhule kwelinye ibele. |
| Ukuchonga umhlaza webele onemiphumo emibi emithathu ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-60. | Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo nolunobundlongondlongo lomhlaza webele olunxulunyaniswa kakhulu notshintsho lwe-BRCA1. |
Ezi gene zivela njani kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana?
Khawucinge ukuba umama okanye utata wakho wayenayo le gene ye-BRCA eguqukileyo. Ngoko ke unethuba elingama-50% lokuyifumana. Njengokujika ingqekembe, kukho ithuba elingama-50% lokuyifumana iintloko okanye imisila. Ukuba ufumana loo gene, nabantwana bakho banethuba elingama-50% lokuyifumana.
Kodwa into ebalulekileyo apha kukuba ukuba nale gene iguqukileyo emzimbeni akuthethi ukuba wonke umntu uza kuba nomhlaza . Oko kwandisa nje umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza.
Ziziphi iingozi ezinxulumene nolu tshintsho lwemfuza?
Ibhinqa elifumana ilifa le-BRCA1 eguquliweyo lisengozini yama-55% ukuya kuma-65% yokuba nomhlaza webele xa lineminyaka engama-70 ubudala. Kumntu one-BRCA2 gene eguquliweyo, le ngozi imalunga nama-45%.
Ukongeza kule ngozi, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi:
- Umhlaza usemncinci: Umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza uphezulu ngaphambi kokuba uyeke ukuya exesheni .
- Umhlaza wesibini: Umntu onotshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo lwe-BRCA usengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wesibini webele (umhlaza omtsha owahlukileyo) emva kokuba umhlaza kwelinye ibele unyangiwe.
- Eminye imingcipheko yomhlaza: Olu tshintsho lwemfuza luyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko kungekuphela nje womhlaza webele, kodwa nomhlaza wesibeleko ngokukodwa. Kumadoda, lunokwandisa nomngcipheko womhlaza weprostate kunye nomhlaza wepancreatic.
Ngubani owenza uvavanyo lwemfuza?
Ngoku kukho uvavanyo lwegazi lokujonga utshintsho olukhoyo kwezi gene ze-BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2. Kodwa olu ayilovavanyo lomntu wonke.
Olu vavanyo lwemfuza ludla ngokucetyiswa kuphela kwabo baneengxaki esizixubushileyo apha ngasentla, njengembali yosapho eqinileyo. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaneni umngcipheko womhlaza wesibini okanye umhlaza wesibeleko kumfazi osele enomhlaza webele.
Ufanele uthathe isigqibo sokuba uza kwenza olu hlobo lovavanyo okanye awuzukulwenza emva kwengxoxo enzulu nogqirha wakho.Uza kukunika icebiso elihle ngokusekelwe kwimbali yosapho lwakho, iminyaka yakho, kunye nezinye izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko. Ungaxoxa nogqirha wakho ngento omawuyenze ngokulandelayo ngeziphumo zolu vavanyo (umz., ukuvavanywa rhoqo, utyando lokunciphisa umngcipheko).
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ipesenti encinci yomhlaza wamabele ibangelwa zizinto zemfuza. Ukuba nje kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onaso akuthethi ukuba uza kusifumana.
- I-BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2 ziijini ezisikhusela kumhlaza. Utshintsho kwezi jini lunokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza.
- Ukuba nejini eguquliweyo akuthethi ukuba unethuba eliyi-100% lokufumana umhlaza, kodwa kuthetha ukuba umngcipheko wakho uyanda.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uxhalabile ngembali yosapho lwakho yomhlaza webele okanye wesibeleko, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
- Uvavanyo lwemfuza aluyonto eyenziwa ngumntu wonke. Imfuneko yalo imiselwa ngugqirha emva kokuphonononga imbali yakho yezonyango kunye neyosapho.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho