Ingaba umntwana wakho omncinci unengxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yomkhuhlane? Masifunde ngeBronchiolitis!

Ngaba umntwana wakho unesifo somkhuhlane kwaye kunzima ukuphefumla? Mhlawumbi wenza isandi sokuphefumla esifubeni sakhe. Ukuba kunjalo, le isenokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -bronchiolitis enokuba nayo umntwana wakho. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha, yintoni, kutheni isenzeka, zithini iimpawu, kunye nento esifanele siyenze.

Yintoni i-bronchiolitis?

Ngamafutshane, i-bronchiolitis lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane kwimiphunga yabantwana abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala . Okwenzekayo koku kukuba imigudu yomoya emincinci kakhulu kwimiphunga yomntwana, ebizwa ngokuba yi-bronchioles , iyadumba kwaye inciphe. Yicinge njengombhobho wamanzi onamathela ngasemva komqala wakho, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kumntwana ukuphefumla.

Ungaqaphela ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo (ezifana nempumlo egobhozayo kunye nokukhwehlela), kunye nesandi sokuphefumla xa ephefumla. Le meko idla ngokuxhaphaka kakhulu ngexesha lemozulu ebandayo, njengobusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo .

Ixesha elininzi, oku akuyonto imbi kangako, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yinto enzulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wakho unezi mpawu, kufuneka uqwalasele ukuphefumla kwakhe kwaye ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

I-Bronchiolitis sisifo esiqhelekileyo sendlela yokuphefumla esezantsi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala .

Ngaba i-bronchiolitis iyosulela?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Iintsholongwane ezibangela i-bronchiolitis ziyasulela . Ezi ntsholongwane zisasazeka ngamathontsi okuphefumla (`amathontsi okuphefumla`) akhutshwa xa umntu osulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla. La mathontsi anokuphefumlelwa emoyeni, okanye angafika kwiindawo ezichukunyiswa rhoqo, njengeethoyi kunye nezibambo zomnyango, aze emva koko adluliselwe emlonyeni nasempumlweni yomntwana wakho ngokuwachukumisa.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweBronchitis kunye neBronchitis?

La magama mabini afana kancinci, ngoko ke anokudideka. Iimpawu nazo ziyafana kancinci. Zombini ezi meko zibangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, kwaye zombini zichaphazela indlela yomoya emiphungeni.

Kodwa nantsi umahluko:

• I-bronchitis ichaphazela iindlela zomoya ezinkulu (i-bronchi) emiphungeni. Ihlala isenzeka kubantwana abadala nakubantu abadala.
• I-Bronchiolitis ichaphazela iindlela zomoya ezincinci nezithambileyo (ii-bronchioles) emiphungeni. Oku kwenzeka kubantwana abancinci, ingakumbi iintsana ezingaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala.

Cinga ngemiphunga yethu njengomthi. Amasebe amakhulu aloo mthi abizwa ngokuba yi-"bronchi". Iindlela zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni zibizwa ngokuba yi-"bronchioles", ezifana namasebe amancinci akhula njengoko ekhula. Kwi-bronchiolitis, ziindawo zomoya ezincinci ezichaphazeleka.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-bronchiolitis?

Ekuqaleni, ezi mpawu zifana kakhulu nezo zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.

Iimpawu zokuqala:

• I-Sinusitis (i-sinusitis)
• Umkhuhlane ongephi (umkhuhlane ongaphantsi kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angama-101 okanye ama-degrees Celsius angama-38)
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ukudinwa, ukudinwa (`(ukudinwa)`)
• Ukukhala rhoqo, ukungazinzi, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya kwiintsana (`(ukuxakeka okanye ukucaphuka)`)

Ngenxa yokuba olu sulelo luchaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla yomntwana, ezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene nokuphefumla zinokubakho:

• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungenzulu
• Ukuphefumla (isandi sokukhala xa uphefumla)
• Iingxolo zokugquma xa uphefumla
• Ukuvutha kwempumlo xa uphefumla

Ufanele ufune nini unyango olungxamisekileyo (lumka kakhulu ngezi mpawu!):

Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo ze-bronchiolitis enzulu , qhagamshelana nogqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko okanye umse kwicandelo likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane.

• Ubunzima bokuncanca kunye/okanye ukuginya (oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana akakwazi ukutya okanye ukusela kakuhle)
• Ukuvutha kakhulu kwempumlo kunye nokuphefumla xa uphefumla
• Ukurhoxa kwesifuba xa uphefumla (ulusu esifubeni somntwana lunamathela ngokuqinileyo kwiimbambo kwaye lubonakala ngathi lutshona ngaphakathi - oku sikubiza ngokuba "kukurhoxa kwesifuba")
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ongwevu, okanye ongwevu wemilebe, iiminwe, okanye iinzwane (i-cyanosis). Oku kwenzeka xa umzimba ungafumani ioksijini eyaneleyo.
• Umlomo owomileyo, akukho okanye akukho mchamo mninzi, akukho inyembezi xa ulila (ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni )

Zithini izizathu ze-bronchiolitis?

Eyona nto ibangela le meko lusulelo lwentsholongwane . Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane ezinokubangela i-bronchiolitis:

• Intsholongwane ye-Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
• Intsholongwane yomkhuhlane: Intsholongwane ebangela umkhuhlane esiwubiza ngokuba yi "flu".
• I-Adenovirus
• Intsholongwane yeParainfluenza (Parainfluenza)
• I-Metapneumovirus
• Intsholongwane ye-SARS-CoV-2: Le yintsholongwane ebangela i-COVID-19 (COVID-19).

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?

I-Bronchiolitis yimeko edla ngokuchaphazela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala . Abantu abadala nabo banokuyifumana, kodwa ayiqhelekanga. Umntwana wakho usenokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-bronchiolitis enzima ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Umntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37 zokukhulelwa (simbiza ngokuba "ziintsana ezingekafiki ixesha").
• Ukuba unesifo somphunga okanye sentliziyo ozelwe naso.
• Ukuba umntwana unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka (`(inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka)`) .
• Ukuba uhlala uchitha ixesha elininzi kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi ezifana neendawo zokugcina abantwana.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

I-Bronchiolitis ngamanye amaxesha inokubangela ezinye iingxaki. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Ukukrala kwemiphunga
• Isifo sombefu (abanye abantwana basengozini yokuba nesifo sombefu kamva ebomini)
• Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla

Kubalulekile: I-Bronchiolitis yimeko esongela ubomi ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ezinzulu ezichaphazela kakhulu amandla akhe okuphefumla. Ngoko ke, ukuba uqaphela ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla, fowunela ku-1990 (inkonzo ye-ambulensi yongxamiseko yaseSri Lanka) ngoko nangoko, okanye umse umntwana wakho kwicandelo lezonyango olungxamisekileyo lesibhedlele elikufutshane.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le sifo?

Ugqirha womntwana wakho uza kuyixilonga i-bronchiolitis ngokuyixilonga ngokwasemzimbeni umntwana wakho aze enze uvavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko . Ngexesha lovavanyo ngokwasemzimbeni, ugqirha uza kujonga iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntwana wakho, ubushushu bakhe, aze amamele ukuphefumla komntwana wakho nge-stethoscope (``auscultation``) ebekwe esifubeni sakhe.

Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zomntwana wakho. Umzekelo:

• Umntwana ebenezi mpawu ixesha elingakanani?
• Ingaba umntwana ebenomkhuhlane?
• Ngaba umntwana ukhe wadibana nabanye abantu abagulayo kutshanje?

Ugqirha angancamathisela isixhobo esincinci esibizwa ngokuba yi-pulse oximeter kwincam yomntwana okanye uzwane lwakhe ukujonga inqanaba le-oksijini egazini lomntwana.

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunokwenziwa i-culture yolwelo lweempumlo ukuze kuchongwe uhlobo lwentsholongwane. Ukuba umntwana uneempawu eziqatha, kunokwenziwa ne-X-ray yesifuba .

Ngaba iimpawu ze-bronchiolitis ziyafana nezinye izifo?

Ewe, iimpawu ze-bronchiolitis zinokufana nezo zezinye izifo zokuphefumla, ezifana ne-bronchitis kunye ne-pneumonia. Kwakhona, isandi sokuphefumla xa uphefumla sinokubhidaniswa ne-asthma. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokucingelwa ukuba umntwana uphefumle into ethile (`(aspirated)`).

Khumbula, ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Ngugqirha kuphela onokwahlula ingxaki yokuphefumla kwenye aze enze uxilongo oluchanekileyo.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Eyona nto iphambili kunyango lwe-bronchiolitis kukunciphisa iimpawu , oko kuthetha ukunciphisa ukungonwabi umntwana anako.

• Amayeza okulwa ne-antipyretic: Umzekelo, i-paracetamol.
• Amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane: Umzekelo, ukuba umkhuhlane ubangelwa yintsholongwane, amayeza afana ne-oseltamivir anokunikwa (esi sisigqibo esenziwe ngugqirha).

Ayizizo zonke iimeko ze-bronchiolitis ezifuna unyango, ngoko ke kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu. Khumbula, olu luhlobo losulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane, ngoko ke amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awayi kunceda.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla, kusenokufuneka alaliswe esibhedlele. Esibhedlele, kusenokufuneka anikwe unyango lweoksijini okanye ulwelo olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi (ii-IV fluids, ezilulwelo olunetyuwa) .

Indlela yokuphatha i-bronchiolitis ekhaya?

Nangona ufanele uhlale ujonge ukuphefumla komntwana wakho, ungamnceda umntwana wakho azive ngcono ngokwenza oku kulandelayo ekhaya:

• Myeke umntwana aphumle kakuhle.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho akathandi ukutya isidlo esikhulu ngaxeshanye, mnike ukutya okuncinci izihlandlo ezininzi emini.
• Ukuze uthintele ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, nika umntwana wakho iziselo ezininzi zokusela. Kubantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala, ubisi lwebele okanye ifomyula yeyona ilungileyo. Kubantwana abadala, iziselo ze-electrolyte ezifana nePedialyte zinokunikwa ngokwengcebiso kagqirha.
• Beka isixhobo sokufumisa umoya egumbini lomntwana wakho. Umoya ofumileyo unceda ukukhulula i-mucus kunye nezinye izinto eziphumayo kwaye kube lula ukuzikhupha.
• Ukuba impumlo yakho ivalekile, sebenzisa amaconsi empumlo ye-saline kunye nesixhobo sokufunxa impumlo.
• Nika umntwana wakho amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane, njengeparacetamol (Tylenol), njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.

Isilumkiso: Ungaze unike abantwana i-aspirin. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Reye's syndrome.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-bronchiolitis?

Uninzi lwabantwana abafunyaniswe bene-bronchiolitis bazive bebhetele kwiveki . Ukuphefumla kunokuphucula kwimihla embalwa, kwaye uninzi lweempawu ziyaphela kwiveki. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, iimpawu ezincinci zinokuhlala iveki enye okanye ezimbini. Ukukhwehlela komntwana kunokuhlala inyanga.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele xa umntwana wam efumana i-bronchiolitis?

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-bronchiolitis, usenokuba neempawu kangangeveki. Ngeli xesha lokugula, umntwana wakho unokuba nobunzima bokutya kakuhle aze alahlekelwe ngumdla wokutya. Kwimeko ezinjalo, zama ukumnika ukutya okuncinci imini yonke endaweni yokutya ukutya okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukugcina umntwana wakho emanzi ngokwaneleyo ngeli xesha, kuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba yintoni ekhuselekileyo onokumnika yona umntwana wakho ukuze unciphise iimpawu kunye nokunciphisa umkhuhlane. Musa ukunika umntwana wakho i-aspirin nangasiphi na isizathu , kuba inokubangela i-Reye's syndrome.

Ukuba iimpawu zomntwana wakho aziphucuki emva kweveki, okanye ukuba ziya zisiba mandundu, bona ugqirha. Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla, fowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo lesibhedlele.

Abanye abantwana, ukuba banesifo se-bronchiolitis besebancinci, banokuba nesifo se-asthma njengoko bekhula. Kwakhona, i-pneumonia inokukhula emva kwe-bronchiolitis, kodwa oku akuvamile.

Ngaba i-bronchiolitis ingenzeka ngaphezu kwesinye?

Ewe. Ngenxa yokuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane ezinokubangela i-bronchiolitis, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana wakho afumane olu sulelo ngaphezu kwesinye.

Ngaba i-bronchiolitis ingathintelwa?

Ngenxa yokuba iintsholongwane ezibangela esi sifo zixhaphake kakhulu, kunzima ukuyithintela ngokupheleleyo i-bronchiolitis. Nangona kunjalo, ungathatha la manyathelo ukunciphisa umngcipheko womntwana wakho wokuba naso:

• Ziphephe izinto ezibangela izifo.
• Hlala uqhele ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle (hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo, kwaye ufundise umntwana wakho ukuba enze okufanayo).
• Soloko ucoca kwaye ubulale iintsholongwane kwizinto ezihlala zichukunyiswa ezifana neethoyi kunye nezibambo zomnyango.
• Musa ukwabelana ngezinto ezifana neekomityi, amacephe, kunye neefolokhwe nabanye.

Gcina umntwana wakho ekhaya kude nekhaya okanye kwezinye iindawo ezikufutshane ade aphile, kuba intsholongwane ebangele ukugula komntwana wakho iyosulela.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba umntwana wakho unenye yezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukuba ubonisa ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, ukudinwa okanye ukozela.
• Ukuba ulusu lomntwana, iiminwe zakhe, okanye imilebe yakhe ibonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ingwevu, okanye imhlophe .
• Ukuba iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu.

Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba imeko yomntwana wakho ayiphucuki, okanye ukuba unenkxalabo ngento ethile, ungaze woyike ukuthetha nogqirha.

Ukuba umntwana unengxaki yokuphefumla (umzekelo, ukuba iimpumlo ziyavutha okanye isifuba siyatsala xa ephefumla) , fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko, okanye umse kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze ugqirha womntwana wam?

Kungcono ukubuza ugqirha womntwana wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba kufuneka ndinike umntwana wam amayeza? Ukuba kunjalo, kufuneka ndimnike ixesha elingakanani kwaye kangaphi ngemini?
• Uza kuphila nini umntwana wam ngokupheleleyo?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndimbuyisele umntwana ukuze ndimtyelele kwakhona?
• Ngaba ndifanele ndimkhuphe umntwana wam esikolweni okanye kwindawo yokugcina abantwana kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa?
• Zeziphi izithomalalisi zentlungu ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha ozicebisayo ngenxa yomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndiziqwalasele ngokukodwa?

I-Bronchiolitis yimeko echaphazela indlela yomoya yomntwana wakho. Ingenza kube nzima ukuba aphefumle. Usenokubona kuqala ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu zomkhuhlane kwaye wenza isandi sokuphefumla xa ephefumla. Ukuba ukhathazekile ngokuphefumla komntwana wakho, bona ugqirha. Kukho unyango olunokunceda iimpawu zomntwana wakho kwaye lunike isiqabu. Kuqhelekile ukuba umntwana wakho akhwehlele iiveki ezimbalwa, nokuba usulelo luphelile. Ukuba iimpawu zomntwana wakho ziya zisiba mandundu endaweni yokuba zibe ngcono, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha wakho.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule

I-Bronchiolitis yimeko eqhelekileyo ebantwaneni abancinci, kodwa kubalulekile ukuyiqonda. Nika ingqalelo ekuphefumleni komntwana wakho. Ukuba kukho iimpawu ezinzulu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla okanye utshintsho kumbala wolusu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Ngokunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo ekhaya nangokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha, umntwana wakho omncinci angaphila ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula, awuwedwa, kwaye ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha nangaliphi na ixesha!

I- Bronchiolitis, i-Bronchiolitis, iiPediatrics, Ubunzima bokuphefumla, umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, usulelo lwemiphunga, usulelo lweentsholongwane, indlela yomoya, ukuphefumla, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, impilo yosana, ukhathalelo lwasekhaya, i-RSV