Kuthekani ukuba intliziyo iyema ngequbuliso? (Ukubanjwa yintliziyo) - Masithethe ngale nto

Khawuthelekelele ukuba ngelixa uthetha nabahlobo bakho okanye uhamba esitalatweni, umntu ngequbuliso uwela phantsi engqondweni. Xa usiya ujonge, akaphefumli, ukubetha kwentliziyo yakhe akubethi... kubonakala ngathi kuyabanda. Ubungacinga ntoni ukuba ububona into efana nale? Oku kuyinyani esikubiza ngokuba yi-sudden cardiac arrest . Le yimeko embi kakhulu, esongela ubomi. Kodwa ukuba sinolwazi olufanelekileyo, sinokunceda ekusindiseni ubomi bomntu. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni ukuqiniswa kwentliziyo?

Ukubanjwa kwentliziyo kuxa intliziyo yethu iyeka ukubetha ngequbuliso. Okanye, intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza nangokungaqhelekanga kangangokuba ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kungenzeka ngequbuliso, ngaphandle kwesilumkiso sangaphambili, yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Sudden Cardiac Arrest'. Cinga ngako, injini yomzimba wethu yintliziyo. Le injini ipompa igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Le oksijini ibalulekile kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba, ezifana nengqondo, imiphunga, nezintso, ukuze zisebenze. Xa intliziyo ibambekile, le injini icima ngequbuliso. Kwenzeka ntoni ke? Akukho gazi lihamba naphi na emzimbeni. Ukuba ingqondo iphelelwa yioksijini kwimizuzu embalwa, ingqondo iqala ukonakala, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukufa kunokuvela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuminxeka kwentliziyo ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo entliziyweni obangelwa kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunokuba yimbangela enkulu yokuminxeka kwentliziyo.

Zithini iimpawu ngaphambi nangexesha lale meko?

Uninzi lwexesha, ukuminxeka kwentliziyo kwenzeka ngaphandle kwemiqondiso yesilumkiso. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokubonisa iimpawu ezithile ngaphambi kokuba intliziyo yabo ime. Kwakhona, kukho iimpawu ezithile umntu aza kuzibonisa xa eminxeka kwentliziyo.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu zokubanjwa kwentliziyo?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le yingxaki enkulu eyenzeka kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo. Intliziyo yethu ngokwendalo inenkqubo evelisa imiqondiso yombane. Ezi miqondiso zezona zibangela ukuba intliziyo ibethe ngesingqi esihle. Xa le nkqubo yokubonisa iphazamisekile, isingqisho sentliziyo asihlali sinjalo. Sizibiza ngokuba zii -arrhythmias . Eyona nto ibangela ukuba intliziyo ibambeke yi-arrhythmia eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Ventricular Fibrillation (V-fib) . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba amagumbi asezantsi entliziyo (ii-ventricles) akhupha imiqondiso yombane ekhawulezayo nengalawulekiyo. Ngenxa yoko, intliziyo iqala ukungcangcazela njengesiqwenga sejeli endaweni yokubetha. Le ntliziyo ingcangcazelayo ayinakupompa igazi. Isiphumo kukuma kwentliziyo. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezibangela ukuba kubekho ii-arrhythmias eziyingozi:

• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo: Ukonakala kwentliziyo emva kohlaselo lwentliziyo kunokuphazamisa inkqubo yombane.
• Isifo seMitha yeCoronary ( CAD ): Ukuncitshiswa okanye ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Ukuqina okanye ukuba buthathaka kwemisipha yentliziyo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni.
• Iingxaki zentliziyo ezizalwa nazo: Iingxaki malunga nolwakhiwo lwentliziyo olukhoyo ukususela ekuzalweni.
• Izifo zemfuza ezifana neLong QT Syndrome (LQTS) kunye neBrugada Syndrome: Ezi zizifo ezizuzwe njengelifa ezichaphazela umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• Ukuzilolonga kakhulu okanye ingozi enkulu: Oku kunokubangela ukulahleka kwegazi elininzi okanye ukwehla kwamanqanaba eoksijini emzimbeni.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi: Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezifana ne-cocaine.
• Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kwezinye izifo nawo anokuchaphazela le meko.
• Isifo sezintso: Utshintsho olukhulu kumanqanaba eetyuwa ezifana ne-potassium kunye ne-magnesium emzimbeni.

Singenza ntoni xa umntu enesifo sentliziyo? Singasindisa njani ubomi bakhe?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukuma kwentliziyo yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Umzuzwana ngamnye ubalulekile. Ngomzuzu ngamnye unyango olulibazisekayo, amathuba omntu okusinda ancipha nge-10%. Kuthatha nje imizuzu emi-5 ukuba umonakalo wobuchopho uqale. 1.Fowunela u-1990 (Suvaseriya) ngoko nangoko: Into yokuqala omawuyenze kukufowunela inkonzo ye-ambulensi. Baxelele ukuba ukuphi kanye kwaye uchaze ngokucacileyo ukuba isigulana asisekho zingqondweni kwaye asiphefumli. 2. Qala i-CPR: Musa ukulinda i-ambulensi ifike. Ukuba unako, qala i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . Ngamafutshane, i-CPR kuxa sicinezela isifuba ngezandla zethu endaweni yentliziyo, sipompa igazi liye engqondweni nakwamanye amalungu omzimba. Ukuba awazi ukuba ungayenza njani i-CPR, ubuncinane yenza ucinezelo olukhawulezileyo nolunzulu embindini wesifuba (i-CPR yezandla kuphela). Kufuneka ukwenze ngesantya esimalunga ne-100-120 amaxesha ngomzuzu. 3. Fumana i-AED: I-AED (i-Automated External Defibrillator) ngumatshini ophathwa ngesandla onokunika intliziyo umbane kwaye ubuyisele umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wombane. Ezi ziyafumaneka kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke ezifana nezikhululo zeenqwelo moya kunye neevenkile ezinkulu. Ukuba ufumana i-AED, landela imiyalelo ekuyo. Ifuna nje ukuba ufake iphedi esifubeni. Umatshini uza kujonga isingqisho sentliziyo aze agqibe kwelokuba anike uloyiko okanye angaluniki. I-CPR kunye ne-AED zezona ndlela zilungileyo zokusindisa umntu. Xa iqela le-ambulensi lifikile, liza kuthatha isigulana lisise kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ukuze sifumane unyango olongezelelweyo.

Zeziphi izinto oza kujongana nazo emva kokusinda kwisifo sentliziyo?

Ukusindisa ubomi ekubanjweni yintliziyo yeyona nto inkulu enokwenzeka. Kodwa sisiqalo nje sohambo olude lokuchacha. Eyona ngxaki inkulu kukonakala okunokwenzeka kuxhomekeke kubude bexesha ingqondo engayifumani ioksijini.

• Ukonakala kwengqondo: Ukungafumani ioksijini nokuba yimizuzu embalwa kunokubangela umonakalo osisigxina kwiiseli zengqondo. Oku kunokuchaphazela izinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ukucinga, kunye nokulawula iintshukumo. Abanye abantu banokufumana ubunzima bokuthetha (dysarthria) kunye nobunzima bokuginya (dysphagia).
• Ubuthathaka Bomzimba: Ubuthathaka bemisipha, ubunzima bokuhamba, kunye nokudinwa zizinto eziqhelekileyo.
• Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo: Emva kokujongana namava abuhlungu kangaka, iingxaki zengqondo ezifana nokuxhalaba, ukudakumba, kunye nesifo soxinzelelo emva kwengozi (PTSD) zinokuvela.

Unyango lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo olufana nonyango lomzimba, unyango lomsebenzi, kunye nonyango lokuthetha lubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphile kwesi simo. Kwakhona, inkxaso yosapho ibalulekile.

Ngaba zikho iindlela zokuzikhusela kule meko iyingozi?

Ewe, zikho izinto esinokuzenza ukuthintela ukuminxeka kwentliziyo. Eyona nto iphambili ekufuneka siyenze kukulawula izinto ezibangela oku.

Ungenelelo lwezonyango

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumanisa ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nesifo sentliziyo, unokukucebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo oluthile kunye nonyango.

• Uvavanyo:Uvavanyo olufana ne-`ECG`, `Echocardiogram`, kunye ne-`Cardiac Catheterization` lunokufumanisa naziphi na iingxaki ngentliziyo.
• Unyango:
• I-ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator): Esi sisixhobo esincinci esifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba kufutshane nentliziyo. Ukuba kukho i-arrhythmia eyingozi entliziyweni, esi sixhobo ngokuzenzekelayo senza umbane utshintshe isigqi sentliziyo.
• Amayeza: Amayeza anjenge-"Beta-blockers" alawula isingqisho sentliziyo.
• Utyando: Utyando lokuvula imithambo yegazi evalekileyo, efana ne-"Angioplasty" okanye i-"Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery - CABG".

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Ezi zinto zibalulekile kuthi sonke, kungekuphela nje kwabo basengozini.

Kwenziwe ntoni	Inkcazo
Ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo	Yitya ukutya okunetyuwa encinci, iswekile, neoyile encinci, kwaye utyebile kwimifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo.
Ukuzilolonga rhoqo	Zilolonge, njengokuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile, ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, uninzi lweentsuku zeveki.
Ukuphepha ukutshaya	Ukutshaya kubi kakhulu entliziyweni. Ukuba uyatshaya, thatha amanyathelo okuyeka namhlanje.
Ulawulo lwezifo ezingapheliyo	Ukuba unezifo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, okanye i-cholesterol ephezulu, zilawule kakuhle ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Izinto onokuthetha ngazo nogqirha wakho

Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unembali yesifo sentliziyo, okanye ukuba uneenkxalabo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba ndisengozini yokuba nentliziyo ebambekileyo?
• Ingaba nosapho lwam lusengozini? Ngaba kufuneka senze uvavanyo lwemfuza?
• Zeziphi iinguqu ekufuneka ndizenze kwindlela endiphila ngayo?
• Ngaba ndiza kuyidinga isixhobo esifana ne-ICD?
• Ngaba ikho indawo apho ndingafunda khona indlela yokusebenzisa i-CPR kunye ne-AED?

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

• Ukuma kwentliziyo kuxa intliziyo iyeka ukubetha ngenxa yengxaki kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo. Kwahlukile kuhlaselo lwentliziyo kwaye yimeko engxamisekileyo ekhawulezileyo nesongela ubomi.
• Ukuba umntu unesifo sentliziyo, ngequbuliso uphelelwa zingqondo, akaphefumli, kwaye angabi nantliziyo.
• Ukuze usindise ubomi, kufuneka wenze ngoko nangoko. Okokuqala, tsalela umnxeba ku-1990. Okwesibini, qalisa i-CPR ide ifike i-ambulensi. Okwesithathu, sebenzisa umatshini we-AED ukuba ukhona.
• Ukufunda indlela yokwenza i-CPR kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungasindisa ubomi bomntu omthandayo okanye bomnye umntu.
• Umngcipheko wokubanjwa yintliziyo ungancitshiswa ngokwamkela indlela yokuphila enempilo yentliziyo nokulawula kakuhle iimeko zonyango ezikhoyo.

Ukuma kwentliziyo ngequbuliso, Ukubanjwa yintliziyo, Uhlaselo lwentliziyo, i-CPR, i-AED, Isifo sentliziyo, Uncedo lokuqala, Impilo yentliziyo