Ngaba ukhe uzive iintlungu zesisu, ukutsha esiswini, okanye isifo se-gastritis xa usela iintlungu zentlungu ezichazwe ngugqirha wakho ngenxa yentlungu yamalungu, iintlungu zomqolo, okanye ezinye iintlungu? Le yingxaki eqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Kuyacaphukisa kakhulu ukuba nenye ingxaki emva kokuthatha amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba kukho udidi olukhethekileyo lwamayeza anokunciphisa ezi ntlungu zesisu kwaye alawule iintlungu? Elo didi lamayeza libizwa ngokuba yi -COX-2 inhibitors . Namhlanje sithetha ngaloo nto.
Zithini ii-COX-2 Inhibitors? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
I-COX-2 inhibitors ngokwenene lilungu losapho olunye lwee-painkillers ezaziwa ngokuba yi -NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs) . Amayeza owasebenzisa rhoqo, afana ne -Ibuprofen , i-Diclofenac, kunye ne-Naproxen , ayinxalenye yeli qela lee-NSAIDs. Umsebenzi ophambili wala mayeza kukunciphisa iintlungu, ukunciphisa ukudumba, kunye nokunciphisa umkhuhlane.
Yintoni ke le ikhethekileyo ngezi zithinteli ze-COX-2? Ukuze siqonde oko, kufuneka siqale sijonge indlela i -NSAID eqhelekileyo esebenza ngayo ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu.
"Abasebenzi" ababini emzimbeni wethu: i-COX-1 kunye ne-COX-2
Khawucinge ukuba ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu kukho uhlobo lwe -enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yiCyclooxygenase ( COX ). Aba bafana nabasebenzi abancinci abenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo emizimbeni yethu. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zabasebenzi be-COX.
1. I-COX-1: Lo ngumsebenzi "olungileyo". Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukukhusela ulwelo lwesisu namathumbu ethu. Inceda ekudaleni umaleko okhusela isisu kwi-asidi yokugaya ukutya esikutyayo nesikuselayo. Ikwabandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokujiya kwegazi .
2. I-COX-2: Oku kudla ngokuba "ngumbangela weengxaki." Xa kukho ukwenzakala, usulelo, okanye umonakalo emzimbeni wethu, uya apho uze uvelise iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-prostaglandins . Ezi prostaglandins zezona zibangela iintlungu, ukudumba, kunye nomkhuhlane. Nangona oku kuyinkqubo yokukhusela emzimbeni, kwizifo ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-arthritis, le nkqubo iyaqhubeka nokubangela iintlungu.
Ngoku khangela, xa sithatha i-NSAID eqhelekileyo njenge-Ibuprofen, elo yeza lingena emzimbeni lize lithintele umntu olungileyo (COX-1) kunye nomntu ongalunganga (COX-2), oko kuthetha ukuba bobabini bayayeka ukusebenza. Ngenxa yokuba i-COX-2 ivaliwe, iintlungu kunye nokudumba kuyancitshiswa. Kulungile oko. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-COX-1 ivaliwe, ukhuseleko lwesisu nalo luyayekiswa, kwaye amathuba okudumba kwesisu, i-gastritis, kunye nezilonda zesisu ayanda.
Ukusombulula le ngxaki, izazinzulu zifumene amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-COX-2 inhibitors. La mayeza afana ne-snipers. Xa engena emzimbeni, ajolise ngqo kumsebenzi onengxaki we-COX-2. Umsebenzi olungileyo we-COX-1 akaphazamisi nantoni na. Wenza nje umsebenzi wawo.
Ngoko ke, nangona isisu siqhubeka sikhuselekile, yi-enzyme ye-COX-2 kuphela, ebangela iintlungu nokudumba, ethintelwayo. Ngamafutshane, inzuzo enkulu yezithinteli ze-COX-2 kukuba zilawula iintlungu ngelixa zinciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zesisu.
Zeziphi iimeko ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-COX-2 inhibitors?
Olu hlobo lwamayeza lucetyiswa ngoogqirha kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ezibuhlungu nezivuvukalayo. Nazi ezinye zezona ziphambili.
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Osteoarthritis | Intlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu okwenzeka xa i-cartilage ephakathi kwamalungu iphela ngenxa yokwaluphala okanye ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Ihlala ichaphazela amalungu afana namadolo kunye nezinqe. |
| Irheumatoid arthritis | Ukudumba okungapheliyo kunye nentlungu eqatha eyenzeka xa isiphene kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela amalungu. |
| Isifo samathambo solutsha | Iimeko ze-arthritis kubantwana abancinci. |
| I-Ankylosing Spondylitis | Isifo esibangela ukuba amalungu omqolo adumbe, aze ekuhambeni kwexesha adibane, nto leyo ebangela ukuqina. |
| Intlungu yokuya exesheni/i-Dysmenorrhea | Ukulawula iintlungu eziqatha zesisu esisezantsi ezinxulumene nokuya exesheni kwabasetyhini. |
| Intlungu yexesha elifutshane | Ikwasetyenziselwa iintlungu zexesha elifutshane, ezifana nokwenzakala kwezemidlalo, iintlungu emva kotyando, kunye neentlungu emva kokukhutshwa kwamazinyo. |
Ukongeza, la mayeza angasetyenziselwa nezinye iimeko ezifana ne-gout kunye ne-migraine, ngokubona kukagqirha.
Zeziphi ii-COX-2 Inhibitors ezisetyenziswa eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela?
I-COX-2 inhibitor esetyenziswa kakhulu ehlabathini naseSri Lanka yiCelecoxib . Usenokuba ukhe weva ngayo phantsi kwegama lebrendi elithi Celebrex® .
Ukongeza, ezinye izithinteli ze-COX-2 ezifana ne -Etoricoxib (Arcoxia®) kunye ne -Parecoxib (Dynastat®) nazo ziyasetyenziswa kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi liphela.
Kodwa kufuneka ukwazi oku. Kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo, ezinye izithinteli ze-COX-2, ezifana neRofecoxib (Vioxx®) kunye neValdecoxib (Bextra®) , zazithengiswa. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo zamva nje zafumanisa ukuba la mayeza andisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nestroke xa esetyenziswa ixesha elide. Akwabangela ukuba abanye abantu babe nezifo zesikhumba ezinzulu. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, la mayeza asuswa kwimarike.
Eyona sifundo sibalulekileyo esinokusifunda kwezi meko kukuba akukho mayeza okubulala iintlungu afanele asetyenziswe ixesha elide ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha . Onke amayeza aneengenelo kunye neengozi zawo. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukhetha amayeza afanelekileyo nakhuselekileyo kuwe.
Ndingalithatha njani eli yeza? Ndingalithatha ixesha elingakanani?
Ii-COX-2 inhibitors zihlala ziza ngendlela yeepilisi, kodwa zinokufumaneka njengesisombululo somlomo.
Intlungu iqala ukudamba kwisithuba seyure emva kokuthatha eli yeza.Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukufumana zonke iingenelo zokulwa nokuvuvukala, njengokunciphisa ukudumba.
Ixesha omele ulithathe eli yeza lixhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo.
- Kwiintlungu zexesha elifutshane (ezifana neentsuku ezimbalwa okanye iiveki ezimbini): Kucetyiswa rhoqo ukuba uthathe idosi ephantsi esebenza ngokukhawuleza kangangoko .
- Kwimeko ende efana ne-arthritis: Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga imbali yakho epheleleyo yempilo, amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, kwaneziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuze abone ukuba kukhuselekile na ukuba uqhubeke nokusela la mayeza.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala uthatha idosi echazwe ngugqirha wakho, kanye njengoko iyalelwe, kwaye ihlale ixesha elimiselweyo. Ukuba uneengxaki, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uyeke amayeza okanye utshintshe idosi.
Zithini iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi ye-COX-2 inhibitors?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, eyona nto iluncedo ngala mayeza kukuba awanampembelelo ingako esiswini nasemathunjini. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba akanabungozi. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho, ingakumbi xa zithathwa ngeedosi eziphezulu kwaye ixesha elide.
Iingozi ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo: Zonke ii-NSAID, kuquka ne-COX-2 inhibitors, zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Lo mngcipheko mkhulu nangakumbi kubantu abasele benazo izinto ezinokubangela isifo sentliziyo, ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.
2. Iingxaki zesisu namathumbu: Nangona zingaqhelekanga njengee-NSAID eziqhelekileyo, ii-COX-2 inhibitors zinokubangela ukopha esiswini kunye nezilonda kwabanye abantu. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abadala kunye nabo basebenzisa amanye amayeza abangela ukudumba esiswini.
Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho:
| Inkqubo yomzimba | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho |
|---|---|
| Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya | Ukudumba, iintlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo, ukuqhina, kunye nentliziyo ebuhlungu. |
| Intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi | Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu), ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye okungahambelaniyo (iiPalpitations), ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye istroke rhoqo. |
| Izintso | Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso, ukudumba kwemilenze (i-edema) ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kwamanzi neetyuwa emzimbeni, kunye nokwanda kwamanqanaba e-potassium egazini. |
| Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo | Intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi. |
Ayingabo bonke abantu abafumana zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezidweliswe kolu luhlu. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu okanye uqaphela nantoni na engaqhelekanga, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ngubani ongafanele athathe eli yeza?
Abanye abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo abafanelekanga ukusebenzisa i-COX-2 inhibitors. Ugqirha wakho uza kuziqwalasela zonke ezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba akunike iyeza.
Abantu abangafanele bathathe ii-COX-2 inhibitors:
- Ukuba ukhe waba nestroke ngaphambili.
- Ukuba ulungiselela okanye usandul’ ukwenza utyando lwe-coronary artery bypass.
- Ukuba unesifo sezintso esinzima okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi.
- Ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa sisifo sesifuba okanye wasabela kakhulu kwi-allergy emva kokuthatha i-aspirin okanye enye i-NSAID.
- Ukuba une-aleji kwi-antibiotics ye-sulfonamide.
Abo bafanele balumke kakhulu:
- Ukuba sele unezilonda esiswini okanye ukopha.
- Ukuba ukwiinyanga ezi-3 zokugqibela zokukhulelwa.
- Ukuba ungumama oncancisayo.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho.
Iimpawu zesilumkiso ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo!
Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo ngelixa usebenzisa i-COX-2 inhibitors, yeka ukuthatha amayeza uze ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) elikufutshane.
- Iimpawu zeengxaki zesibindi: umchamo omnyama, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukutyheli kolusu okanye amehlo, indle ekhanyayo, iintlungu zesisu.
- Iimpawu zokopha: ukuhlanza igazi, ukuhlanza okufana nekofu egayiweyo, igazi elikwisitulo okanye indle emnyama ethambileyo, igazi kumchamo, ukopha kweentsini, kunye nokukrweleka okulula.
- Iimpawu zeengxaki zezintso: ukungakwazi ukuchama, ukuncipha kokuphuma komchamo, igazi emchameni, ukunyuka kobunzima ngequbuliso.
- Iimpawu zempendulo enzima ye-allergy: ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla okuncinci, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, okanye ulwimi.
- Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo: ukucinezela iintlungu esifubeni, intlungu esasazeka engalweni yasekhohlo, emhlathini, okanye emqolo, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukubila.
- Iimpawu zestroke: ukuba ndindisholo kwelinye icala lobuso, ingalo, okanye umlenze, ubunzima bokuthetha, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu nengxamisekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izithinteli ze-COX-2 luhlobo oluthile lwe-painkiller (NSAID) oluneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa esiswini.
- Ezi zisetyenziselwa isifo samathambo, iintlungu zokuya exesheni, kunye nezinye iimeko ezibuhlungu.
- Ngokungafaniyo neyeza eliqhelekileyo lokuthomalalisa iintlungu, ezi zijolise kuphela kwi-enzyme ye-COX-2, ebangela iintlungu, kwaye aziphazamisi i-enzyme ye-COX-1, ekhusela isisu.
- Nangona ziluncedo, la mayeza anokunyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi ngandlela thile. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuwasebenzisa kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ungaze uthathe eli yeza ngeedosi eziphezulu okanye ixesha elide kunelo limiselweyo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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