Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe weva ukuba ii-genes zakho zidlala indima kwimpilo yakho nakwinkangeleko yakho. Oko kuyinyani, kodwa ubusazi na ukuba indlela ophila ngayo, ukutya kwakho, kunye nendawo ohlala kuyo zinokutshintsha indlela ezisebenza ngayo ezo genes? Le yintsingiselo ye -Epigenetics —uphando lwezinto ezilawula indlela ezivezwa ngayo ii-genes. Nangona eli licandelo elitsha, libaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakho, ngoko masijonge ngokusondeleyo.
Ngoko ke, yintoni kanye kanye i-Epigenetics?
Ngamafutshane, i-epigenetics luphando lokuba imeko-bume yakho kunye nokuziphatha kwakho kuyichaphazela njani indlela esebenza ngayo i-genes yakho. Sihlala sicinga nge-genes zethu njengemiyalelo esisigxina esiyifumana kubazali bethu—njengombala wamehlo ethu okanye ukuthambekela kwethu kwizifo ezithile. Kulula ukucinga nge-genes njengengenakutshintshwa. Nangona kunjalo, khawucinge ukuba ubungayiphucula impilo yakho ngokuphembelela indlela ezisebenza ngayo ezo genes. Yiloo nto kanye izazinzulu ezihlola ngayo kwicandelo le-epigenetics, kwaye ngumxholo ekufuneka wonke umntu abe nomdla kuwo.
I-Epigenetics igxila kwindlela izinto ezikwiikhemikhali ezingaphakathi kwiiseli zakho ezilawula ngayo umsebenzi wakho we-gene. Izazinzulu zibiza ezi 'mpawu ze-epigenetic' okanye 'iimpawu ze-chemical.' Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi mpawu ziqinisa umzimba wakho kwaye zikuncede ulwe nezifo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, zinokuba yingozi kwimpilo-ntle yakho.
Ukuba ucacisa igama elithi 'epi' (isiGrike elithetha 'ngaphezulu' okanye 'ukujikeleza') kunye nelithi 'i-genetics' ziyadibana ukuchaza yonke into esebenza kwi-genes yakho. Abaphandi bajonga iimpawu zeekhemikhali ezinamathele kwi-DNA yakho, ngelixa bekwahlola izinto zangaphandle odibana nazo kubomi bemihla ngemihla—njengokutya okutyayo, umsebenzi wakho womzimba, kunye nendawo okhulele kuyo.
Indawo ohlala kuyo kunye nezinto ozikhethayo ziyichaphazela njani le nto?
Izazinzulu bezisazi kudala ukuba indawo ohlala kuyo kunye nemikhwa yakho yobuqu iyayichaphazela impilo yakho. Umzekelo:
- Ukuchanabeka kwiityhefu ezithile kwandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza .
- Ungcoliseko lomoya lunokubangela izifo ezifana ne -asthma .
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kuyayomeleza intliziyo yakho .
- Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kuxhasa impilo yengqondo yakho kunye nomzimba wakho .
Impilo yakho kunye nobomi obude abuyomiphumo yemfuza okanye yendalo yakho kuphela; zizinto ezininzi ezidityaniswe kakhulu.
Masiqale ngezinto ezisisiseko: Izakhi zofuzo kunye ne-DNA
Iijini ziiyunithi ezisebenzayo ze-DNA yakho. Iseti yakho epheleleyo ye-DNA idla ngokuthelekiswa nencwadi yemiyalelo, enika isicwangciso sendlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo kwaye uzilungisa ngayo.
Zithini kanye kanye ii-genes?
Umzimba wakho wenziwe ziitriliyoni zeeseli ezihlala zahlukana ukuze zithathe indawo yezindala okanye ezonakeleyo. I-DNA yakho inemiyalelo exelela ezi seli ukuba zikhule nini, nini zikopishe, kwaye nini ziyeke.
Iiseli zisebenzisa njani i-DNA?
Yonke iseli emzimbeni wakho yenza imisebenzi ethile ngokufunda amacandelo athile e-DNA yakho—la macandelo ziijini zakho. Cinga nge-genome yakho njengencwadi enkulu yokupheka, apho iijini ziyiresiphi nganye. Ayizizo zonke iiseli ezifuna incwadi yokupheka epheleleyo; iseli yentliziyo ifunda kuphela 'iiresiphi' ekufuneka ibe yiseli yentliziyo. Njengokuba ungayidingi iresiphi yesosi yetumato 🍅 xa ubhaka ikhekhe, iiseli zifikelela kuphela kwimiyalelo efanelekileyo kwindima yazo ethile.
Yintoni i-Epigenome?
I-epigenome yakho iqulathe zonke ii-genes zakho kunye neempawu ezilawulayo ezilawula indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-epigenome yakho iyatshintshatshintsha; iyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Olu tshintsho lunokuba luhle—luqhutywa kukutya okunempilo, umthambo, kunye nolawulo loxinzelelo—okanye lube lubi, luphenjelelwe kukutya okucutshungulweyo, ukutshaya, kunye noxinzelelo olungapheliyo. Nangona ungenakusoloko ulawula yonke into yangaphandle, unamandla okuchaphazela i-epigenome yakho ngempumelelo ngaphezu kokuba unokutshintsha ulandelelwano lwe-DNA yakho oluzuzwe njengelifa.
Ziziphi iimeko ezinxulumene ne-Epigenetics?
Uphando luyaqhubeka, kodwa izazinzulu sele ziqhagamshele utshintsho lwe-epigenetic kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo:
- Ukulawulwa kwemetabolism yakho.
- Ukwaluphala kunye nezifo ezinxulumene nokwaluphala .
- Izifo ezinxulumene nobuchopho, ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson , isifo sika-Alzheimer , kunye nezinye izifo ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ukukhubazeka kwengqondo .
- Uphuhliso lomhlaza .
- Iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi .
- Iimeko ezinxulumene nokudumba , kubandakanya i-asthma kunye nezifo zokuzikhusela komzimba (umz., isifo sikaBehcet ) .
Njengoko uphando luqhubeka, izazinzulu zinethemba lokufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela esinokulusebenzisa ngayo olu lwazi ukuphucula iziphumo zempilo. Ukuba uhlangabezana neempawu ezimalunga noku, nceda uqhagamshelane neengcali zempilo okanye unxibelelane neenkonzo zongxamiseko ukuba imeko ingxamisekile.
- Fumana ulwazi olutsha malunga nendlela utshintsho lwe-epigenetic olubangela okanye oluhambelana ngayo neemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango.
- Funda amanyathelo onokuwathatha kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wezifo ezithile.
- Hlola indlela oluqhubeka ngayo uphuhliso lonyango olutsha olujolise ngqo kwi-epigenome.
Yintoni kanye kanye enokuphembelela i-epigenome yakho?
I-epigenome yakho ibunjwa ngamandla angenakubalwa, amanye awo aqala ukukuchaphazela kwanangaphambi kokuba uzalwe. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo ephambili:
- Ukutya kukamama wakho xa ekhulelwe .
- Impilo kamama wakho iyonke yomzimba kunye nempilo-ntle yakhe yeemvakalelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Isondlo owasifumana usengumntwana omncinci nomntwana omncinci .
- Amava amabi obuntwana .
- Amava okufunda kwasebuntwaneni kunye nokusebenzisana nabantu abadala .
- Ukuchanabeka kwiityhefu ezifana nongcoliseko lomoya, umsi wedizili, okanye umsi wecuba.
- Ukuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali ezifana neeplastiki, i-BPA, okanye iintsimbi ezinzima ezifana ne-lead kunye ne-cadmium.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile abhalwe ngugqirha .
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala, icuba, kunye nezinye iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa .
- Ukutya okulandelayo xa ungumntu omdala .
- Inqanaba lakho lomsebenzi womzimba .
- Amanqanaba akho oxinzelelo lwemihla ngemihla .
- Ubudlelwane bakho kunye nokusebenzisana kwakho nabantu .
- Uluntu ohlala kulo kunye neenkqubo zenkxaso ezikhoyo kuwe .
- Ukufikelela kunyango kunye nezixhobo kwiimfuno zakho zonyango .
Zenzeka njani ezi nguqu?
Izazinzulu zisafumanisa indlela ezi zinto zibangela ngayo utshintsho kwiiseli zakho. Ngokubanzi, ezi zinto zibeka "iimpawu ze-epigenetic" kwi-DNA yakho, ezichaphazela indlela iiseli zakho ezisebenza ngayo.
Umzekelo, iimpawu ze-epigenetic ngamanye amaxesha zinokwenza iindawo ezithile ze-genome yakho zingafundeki. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-gene ekufanele ukuba isebenza "iyavalwa" okanye "icinywe." Ngenxa yoko, iiseli zakho azikwazi ukufunda loo miyalelo ye-genetic, enokuzithintela ekwenzeni imisebenzi ebalulekileyo, njengokumisa ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza.Ezinye iinguqu ezimbi ze-epigenetic zithatha ixesha elifutshane kwaye zinokuguqulwa, kodwa ezinye zinokuhlala ixesha elide, zinokuthi ziqhubeke ubomi bonke.
Ngaba ezi nguqu nazo zingaba ntle?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Iimpawu ze-Epigenetic zinokuba luncedo okanye zikhusele. Umzekelo, ukunika umntwana amathuba amaninzi okufunda kunokukhokelela kutshintsho oluhle lwe-epigenetic oluxhasa impilo yakhe yengqondo neyomzimba kangangeminyaka ezayo.
Awunakukhetha ii-genes ozizuze kubazali bakho, kwaye awunakulawula yonke into kwihlabathi elikungqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukwazi izinto "ezikukhulisayo" wena nabantwana bakho - kuya kukunika amandla okwenza konke okusemandleni akho ukukhuthaza i-epigenome esempilweni.
Ngaba singayichaphazela kakuhle i-epigenome yethu? Ewe! Njani?
Nangona kungekho ndlela inye yokwenza oku, izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ukhetho oluthile oluthathayo lunokuxhasa utshintsho oluhle lwe-epigenetic kwaye lunciphise umngcipheko wezo zinobungozi. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo. Nxibelelana nengcali yesondlo okanye ugqirha wakho ukuze wenze isicwangciso sokutya esilungiselelwe iimfuno zakho zempilo kunye nendlela ophila ngayo.
- Faka umthambo womzimba emini yakho. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale umthambo omtsha ukuze akwazi ukukukhokela kwimisebenzi ekhuselekileyo.
- Nciphisa utywala kwaye uyeke ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zecuba.
- Lawula uxinzelelo kwaye uzame ukuhlala ukhululekile kangangoko unako.
La ngamanyathelo onke onokuwathatha. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonisa ukuba i-epigenome yethu ichaphazeleka kakhulu kukutshintsha kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala yobomi . Ngoko ke, ukuba ungumzali okanye umgcini, ezi zinto zibalulekileyo:
- Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana ukutya okunesondlo esifanelekileyo. Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho wezingane ukuze ufumane iingcebiso malunga nendlela engcono yokuxhasa ukukhula komntwana wakho.
- Nika amathuba okufunda kwasebuntwaneni. Oku kuquka ukubonelela ngamathoyizi akhuthaza ukufunda nokukhumbula, ukuthetha nomntwana wakho, ukufunda iincwadi, nokufundisa amagama amatsha.
- Yenza indawo ejikeleze umntwana wakho ezaliswe ngabantu abamxhasayo, abanothando, nabathembekileyo abamnika intuthuzelo nokhuseleko.
- Ukuba ujongene nemingeni efana nokungondleki kokutya, ukungondleki kwindlu, okanye ukuxhatshazwa ekhaya, nceda ucele uncedo kugqirha. Banokukunceda ekufumaneni izixhobo ezifunekayo zokuzikhusela wena nosapho lwakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
Ukuba ingcamango ye-epigenetics ivakala inzima okanye inzima, awuwedwa. Ukucamngca ngeenkqubo ezenzeka ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu kunokuba nomdla, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokoyikisa ukuqonda ukuba kungakanani esingakwaziyo ukukulawula. Nangona kunjalo, i-epigenetics inika ithemba, icebisa ukuba sinempembelelo ethile kwiinkqubo zangaphakathi zomzimba wethu.
I-Epigenetics yintsimi entsha yokufunda. Kusekho okuninzi esingakwaziyo, oko kuthetha ukuba kuninzi okusamele kufunyenwe! Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela ii-genes zakho kunye ne-epigenome ezichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho aze akukhokelele kwizixhobo ezithembekileyo zokufunda ngakumbi.
Ngamafutshane, ii-genes zethu ziyinxalenye enye yebali lethu. Indlela esiphila ngayo, izigqibo esizenzayo, kunye nothando kunye nenkathalo esiyifumanayo zonke zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwindlela eyenzeka ngayo loo bali. Eso sesona sifundo sibalulekileyo esisifundiswa yiNirogi Lanka kunye necandelo le-epigenetics.
